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Journal ArticleDOI

The empirical relationship between abrasive wear and the applied conditions

01 Jul 1966-Wear (Elsevier)-Vol. 9, Iss: 4, pp 300-309
TL;DR: In this article, an investigation has been carried out to study the variation of the volume of wear of different metals with variations of the mean diameter of abrasive particles (35-710 μ), the load (0.5-6 kg), the velocity of abrasion ( 0.032-2.50 m/sec) and the length of abarasion path (1.5 -6 m).
About: This article is published in Wear.The article was published on 1966-07-01. It has received 84 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Abrasion (mechanical).
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 1979-Wear
TL;DR: In this article, it is shown that the grit size effect is a consequence of the transition from a cutting mechanism to a sliding wear mechanism, and that the wear coefficient is less than that predicted by a cutting model owing to the plastic deformation of the surface being worn.

301 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 1967-Wear
TL;DR: In this paper, the wear of a diverse selection of metallic materials on bonded abrasive discs was investigated in an attempt to produce and observe phenomena encountered in the field, such as hardness and strength at high strain, and soft abrasive wear.

261 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
28 Jun 1991-Wear
TL;DR: In this article, the abrasive wear behavior of silicon carbide particulate- and whisker-reinforced aluminum matrix composites was investigated under two-body abrasion conditions utilizing a pinon-disk apparatus.

143 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 1967-Wear
TL;DR: The maximum hardness of a range of metals and substantially single-phase alloys was estimated by measuring the micro-hardness of surfaces strained by shot peening, by wear in stony soil, and by working with a blunted "trepanning" tool.

120 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, two commercial cold work tool steels, AISI D2 and O1, were heat treated in order to obtain the same hardness 700-HV (60-HRc) and were subsequently tested in three different modes of wear, namely in adhesion, three-body and two-body abrasion, by using pin-on-disk, dry sand/rubber wheel apparatus and pin-abrasion on SiC, respectively.

110 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 1961-Wear
TL;DR: In this article, a simple quantitative expression for abrasive wear rate is developed, and the abrasive data of a number of earlier investigators is analyzed in terms of this expression. But the results of this analysis are limited, since the average loose abrasive grain spends 90% of its time rolling and only 10% of the time abrading the sliding surfaces between which it is situated.

394 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the friction coefficient and the mass loss per centimetre, of Al, Ag, Cu, Pt, Fe, Mo, U and W specimens ~ 1 to 2·5 cm long are investigated as a function of the mean particle diameter D of abrading emery-paper surfaces.
Abstract: The friction coefficient μ and the mass loss M9 per centimetre, of Al, Ag, Cu, Pt, Fe, Mo, U and W specimens ~ 1 to 2·5 cm long are investigated as a function of the mean particle diameter D of abrading emery-paper surfaces (dry) on which they slide at a few cm/s and ~1 Kg load. On any grade of abrasive, μ and M9 vary with distance of sliding, M9 decreasing and μ increasing for initially wet-abraded metals, due to progressive pick-up of emery by the metal surface. After 200 to 500 cm, depending on the metal and the grade of abrasive, they become constant ( M9 then is wear of metal only, M ) and independent of the initial surface preparation. μ does not increase linearly with D as suggested by previous authors (who used small specimens, smaller range of D , and neglected the effect of pick-up of abrasive). For any given metal, μ (initially and at equilibrium) is practically constant, μ max , at D from 70 to > 150 microns, and decreases with increasing hardness of the metal, at equilibrium being 0·88 for Al, to 0·53 for W. At D μ decreases—in general to ~0·3 to 0·4 for specimens 1 to 2·5 cm diam.—due to partial clogging of the abrasive by worn-off metal. The high and constant μ max on emery- and glass-papers is due to the angular shape of the abrasive particles, since μ is only 0·15 for Ag and Cu on an array of glass spheres of D ~ 125 microns. For the metals initially abraded on wet emery, then slid on dry emery-papers, M at equilibrium also increases with D and is practically constant at D > 70 microns; and M ≏ k W ( μ - μ 0 ), where W is the load, and μ 0 is a constant, in general > μ mo. mo of metaloxide on metal-oxide because of pick-up of abrasive particles by the metal. 1/( M / ρ ), the reciprocal of the volume wear per cm, is approximately proportional to the Vickers hardness H D of the abraded metal surface. Most of the indenting particles cause wear in the form of strips of metal analogous to those caused by machine tools, but there is also much plastic flow (and lateral pile-up) as electron diffraction also indicates. A theory defining friction and wear of metals in abrasion in terms of the shape and orientation of the abrasive particles, is given elsewhere, together with quantitative analysis of the present data. For emery-papers, only about 10% of the groove volume (on the average) appears to be removed as wear.

109 citations