The Gendered Nature of Natural Disasters: The Impact of Catastrophic Events on the Gender Gap in Life Expectancy, 1981–2002
Eric Neumayer,Thomas Plümper +1 more
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In this paper, the effect of disaster strength and its interaction with the socioeconomic status of women on the change in the gender gap in life expectancy was analyzed in a sample of up to 141 countries over the period 1981 to 2002.Abstract:
Natural disasters do not affect people equally. In fact, a vulnerability approach to disasters would suggest that inequalities in exposure and sensitivity to risk as well as inequalities in access to resources, capabilities, and opportunities systematically disadvantage certain groups of people, rendering them more vulnerable to the impact of natural disasters. In this article we address the specific vulnerability of girls and women with respect to mortality from natural disasters and their aftermath. Biological and physiological differences between the sexes are unlikely to explain large-scale gender differences in mortality rates. Social norms and role behaviors provide some further explanation, but what is likely to matter most is the everyday socioeconomic status of women. In a sample of up to 141 countries over the period 1981 to 2002 we analyze the effect of disaster strength and its interaction with the socioeconomic status of women on the change in the gender gap in life expectancy. We fi...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The macroeconomic consequences of disasters
TL;DR: This paper found that countries with higher literacy rate, better institutions, higher per capita income, higher degree of openness to trade, and higher levels of government spending are better able to withstand the initial disaster shock and prevent further spillovers into the macro-economy.
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Determinants of risk: Exposure and vulnerability
Omar D. Cardona,Maarten van Aalst,Jörn Birkmann,Maureen Fordham,Glenn R. McGregor,Rosa Perez,Roger S. Pulwarty,E. Lisa F. Schipper,Bach Tan Sinh,Henri Décamps,Mark Keim,Ian Davis,Kristie L. Ebi,Allan Lavell,Reinhard Mechler,Virginia Murray,Mark Pelling,Jürgen Pohl,Anthony-Oliver Smith,Frank Thomalla +19 more
TL;DR: This chapter aims to provide a rigorous understanding of the dimensions of exposure and vulnerability, as well as a proper assessment of changes in those dimensions, by further detailing the determinants of risk as presented in Chapter 1.
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Virtue and vulnerability: Discourses on women, gender and climate change
TL;DR: In the literature on gender and climate change, two themes predominate: women as vulnerable or virtuous in relation to the environment as mentioned in this paper and men as pollute more than women.
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No climate justice without gender justice: an overview of the issues
TL;DR: Gender issues have hardly figured in the international policy discourse, including the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol, but this may be changing thanks to feminist lobbying and the increasing involvement of gender specialists in this field.
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The Economics of Natural Disasters: A Survey
Eduardo A. Cavallo,Ilan Noy +1 more
TL;DR: The authors summarizes the state of the economic literature examining the aggregate impact of disasters and identifies several significant gaps in the literature, and then examines some of the relevant policy questions and follows up with projections about the likelihood of future disasters.
References
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Book
Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data
TL;DR: This is the essential companion to Jeffrey Wooldridge's widely-used graduate text Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data (MIT Press, 2001).
Book
At Risk: Natural Hazards, People's Vulnerability and Disasters
TL;DR: In this paper, the challenge of disasters and their approach are discussed, and a framework and theory for disaster mitigation is presented. But the authors do not address the problem of access to resources and coping in adversarial situations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vulnerability to environmental hazards
TL;DR: For over 50 years, hazards researchers have focused on a series of fundamental questions: What is the human occupancy of hazard zones? How do people and societies respond to environmental hazards and whatfactors influence their choice of adjustments?.
Book
Hunger and Public Action
Jean Drèze,Amartya Sen +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the modern world's hunger and deprivation, including undernutrition and undernutrition, and public action and economy and society, the State and the public.