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Journal Article•DOI•

The Human Condition.

Andrew J. McLean
29 Jun 2017-Academic Psychiatry (Springer International Publishing)-Vol. 41, Iss: 6, pp 771-771
TL;DR: In some religious traditions, the myth of the ‘Fall from the Garden of Eden’ symbolizes the loss of the primordial state through the veiling of higher consciousness.
Abstract: Human beings are described by many spiritual traditions as ‘blind’ or ‘asleep’ or ‘in a dream.’ These terms refers to the limited attenuated state of consciousness of most human beings caught up in patterns of conditioned thought, feeling and perception, which prevent the development of our latent, higher spiritual possibilities. In the words of Idries Shah: “Man, like a sleepwalker who suddenly ‘comes to’ on some lonely road has in general no correct idea as to his origins or his destiny.” In some religious traditions, such as Christianity and Islam, the myth of the ‘Fall from the Garden of Eden’ symbolizes the loss of the primordial state through the veiling of higher consciousness. Other traditions use similar metaphors to describe the spiritual condition of humanity:

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Citations
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Journal Article•DOI•
Good Education, the Good Teacher, and a Practical Art of Living a Good Life: A Catholic Perspective.

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Chris A.M. Hermans1•
University of the Free State1
08 Feb 2017-the Journal of Beliefs and Values
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors define good education as "the good provided by education in society." This good is connected to the pedagogical aim of education, which is the goal of education.
Abstract: What is good education? We value education for reasons connected to the good provided by education in society. This good is connected to be the pedagogical aim of education. This article distinguis...

9 citations

Cites background from "The Human Condition."

  • ...The question of a full, just and loving life presupposes a subject who can speak and act, and can be held responsible for his or her speaking and acting (Arendt 1998)....

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  • ...This space of appearance is characterised by freedom and plurality (Arendt 1998: 198)....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Philosophy as political technē: The tradition of invention in Simondon’s political thought

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Andrea Bardin1•
Oxford Brookes University1
16 Mar 2018-Contemporary Political Theory
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that Simondon's anti-Aristotelianism and his anti-Heideggerian understanding of the Greek origins of philosophy allow us to conceive philosophical thought as a ‘tradition of invention’, that is, a pedagogical technē endowed with the political task of maintaining the openness of the social system and allowing normative invention to emerge from within.
Abstract: Gilbert Simondon has recently attracted the interest of political philosophers and theorists, despite the fact that he is renowned as a philosopher of technics – author of Of the Mode of Existence of Technical Objects – who also elaborated a general theory of complex systems in Individuation in the Light of the Notions of Form and Information. A group of scholars has developed Gilles Deleuze’s early suggestion that Simondon’s social ontology might offer the basis for a re-theorisation of radical democracy. Others, following Herbert Marcuse, have instead focused on Simondon’s analysis of the relationship between technology and society. However, only a joint study of Simondon’s two major works can reveal their implicit political stakes. As I will argue, Simondon’s anti-Aristotelianism and his anti-Heideggerian understanding of the Greek origins of philosophy, allow us to conceive philosophical thought as a ‘tradition of invention’, that is, a pedagogical technē endowed with the political task of maintaining the openness of the social system and allowing normative invention to emerge from within.

9 citations

Cites background from "The Human Condition."

  • ...In fact, Arendt’s valuation of homo faber still presupposes a hierarchy of human action, at whose extreme lies a wordless animal laborans – a hierarchy, therefore, that is ultimately grounded on the opposition between human and animal life (Arendt, 1958; see Loeve 2011, pp. 37-38, 44-47)....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Playing in the Posthuman Band: Toward an Aesthetics of Intra-Action in Musical Leisure

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Austin Showen1, Roger Mantie2•
Arizona State University1, University of Toronto2
22 Jul 2019-Leisure Sciences
TL;DR: This paper used ideas from theorists associated with the "new materialist" or "posthuman" turns in contemporary philosophy in order to challenge the conception of the musical subject, and used them in their work.
Abstract: In this article we use ideas from theorists associated with the “new materialist” or “posthuman” turns in contemporary philosophy in order to challenge the conception of the musical subject...

9 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Semantic and sentiment analysis of selected Bhagavad Gita translations using BERT-based language framework

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R. Rama Chandra, Venkatesh Kulkarni
09 Jan 2022-IEEE Access
TL;DR: The results show that although the style and vocabulary in the respective Bhagavad Gita translations vary widely, the sentiment analysis and semantic similarity shows that the message conveyed are mostly similar across the translations.
Abstract: It is well known that translations of songs and poems not only breaks rhythm and rhyming patterns, but also results in loss of semantic information. The Bhagavad Gita is an ancient Hindu philosophical text originally written in Sanskrit that features a conversation between Lord Krishna and Arjuna prior to the Mahabharata war. The Bhagavad Gita is also one of the key sacred texts in Hinduism and known as the forefront of the Vedic corpus of Hinduism. In the last two centuries, there has been a lot of interest in Hindu philosophy by western scholars and hence the Bhagavad Gita has been translated in a number of languages. However, there is not much work that validates the quality of the English translations. Recent progress of language models powered by deep learning has enabled not only translations but better understanding of language and texts with semantic and sentiment analysis. Our work is motivated by the recent progress of language models powered by deep learning methods. In this paper, we compare selected translations (mostly from Sanskrit to English) of the Bhagavad Gita using semantic and sentiment analyses. We use hand-labelled sentiment dataset for tuning state-of-art deep learning-based language model known as bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT). We use novel sentence embedding models to provide semantic analysis for selected chapters and verses across translations. Finally, we use the aforementioned models for sentiment and semantic analyses and provide visualisation of results. Our results show that although the style and vocabulary in the respective Bhagavad Gita translations vary widely, the sentiment analysis and semantic similarity shows that the message conveyed are mostly similar across the translations.

9 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Is there such a thing as happiness in the present? Happiness and temporality:

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Jordan J McKenzie1•
University of Wollongong1
19 Oct 2017-Journal of Classical Sociology
TL;DR: While the pursuit of happiness in the present pervades popular narratives of happiness and the good life, the work of Adorno and Arendt casts doubt on the possibility of this lucrative goal as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: While the pursuit of happiness in the present pervades popular narratives of happiness and the good life, the work of Adorno and Arendt casts doubt on the possibility of this lucrative goal. For Ad...

9 citations

Cites background from "The Human Condition."

  • ...Arendt’s claims reaffirm her position that the relation of happiness to intentionality makes it unique within the spectrum of emotions. We must have some sense of happiness in order to recognise it when it occurs, which suggests that, without this knowledge, happiness would not be experienced as such. Here, we see a similar shift to that proposed by William James. For James, an emotion exists because it is acted upon, while for Augustine it is because the self is able to recognise it as such. Arendt’s examination of Augustine indicates that recognition of an emotion, its meanings and interpretations go hand in hand; when an individual feels something they have never felt before, their immediate response tends to be confusion rather than recognition. The notion of happiness in the future is ‘guaranteed by a kind of absolute past, since the knowledge of it, which is present in us, cannot possibly be explained by any experiences in this world’ (Arendt, 1996 [1929]: 47). There is a larger question looming in Arendt’s work, namely, how can the ‘happy life’ serve as a guiding principle for ‘human endeavours’ when prior knowledge for the recognition of one’s experiences? Inevitably, hopes of future happiness are anchored in our limited knowledge of the past and happiness is more a matter of reflection than experience in the present. Arendt’s (1958) position is clarified and expanded in The Human Condition which develops a theory of action/appearances (vita activa) and contemplation (vita contemplativa) under the categories of human activity: labour, work and action....

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  • ...Arendt (1958) shares some of his concerns ‘happiness’ and its links to a manipulative mass culture (p. 134) and insists that happiness in the present can amount to little more than an absence of pain....

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  • ...The breaking of time into categories of past, present and future are contradictory concepts in theoretical analyses of time, yet, in The Life of the Mind, Arendt (1971) presents an alternative view (p. 205)....

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  • ...Criticising Jeremy Bentham’s hedonistic notion of happiness, Arendt (1958) writes that ‘[w]hat pain and pleasure, fear and desire, are actually supposed to achieve in all these systems is not happiness at all but the promotion of individual life or a guarantee of the survival of mankind’ (p. 311)....

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  • ...The breaking of time into categories of past, present and future are contradictory concepts in theoretical analyses of time, yet, in The Life of the Mind, Arendt (1971) presents an alternative view (p....

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References
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Book•
The Life of Lines

[...]

Tim Ingold
27 Mar 2015
TL;DR: In this article, a series of meditations on life, ground, weather, walking, imagination and what it means to be human are presented, with a focus on the life of lines.
Abstract: To live, every being must put out a line, and in life these lines tangle with one another. This book is a study of the life of lines. Following on from Tim Ingold's groundbreaking work Lines: A Brief History, it offers a wholly original series of meditations on life, ground, weather, walking, imagination and what it means to be human. In the first part, Ingold argues that a world of life is woven from knots, and not built from blocks as commonly thought. He shows how the principle of knotting underwrites both the way things join with one another, in walls, buildings and bodies, and the composition of the ground and the knowledge we find there. In the second part, Ingold argues that to study living lines, we must also study the weather. To complement a linealogy that asks what is common to walking, weaving, observing, singing, storytelling and writing, he develops a meteorology that seeks the common denominator of breath, time, mood, sound, memory, colour and the sky. This denominator is the atmosphere. In the third part, Ingold carries the line into the domain of human life. He shows that for life to continue, the things we do must be framed within the lives we undergo. In continually answering to one another, these lives enact a principle of correspondence that is fundamentally social. This compelling volume brings our thinking about the material world refreshingly back to life. While anchored in anthropology, the book ranges widely over an interdisciplinary terrain that includes philosophy, geography, sociology, art and architecture.

410 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
From ‘gender equality and ‘women’s empowerment’ to global justice: reclaiming a transformative agenda for gender and development

[...]

Andrea Cornwall1, Althea-Maria Rivas2•
University of Sussex1, Centre for Development Studies2
24 Mar 2015-Third World Quarterly
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that the fact that gender equality and women empowerment have been eviscerated of conceptual and political bite compromises their use as the primary frame through which to demand rights and justice.
Abstract: The language of ‘gender equality’ and ‘women’s empowerment’ was mobilised by feminists in the 1980s and 1990s as a way of getting women’s rights onto the international development agenda. Their efforts can be declared a resounding success. The international development industry has fully embraced these terms. From international NGOs to donor governments to multilateral agencies the language of gender equality and women’s empowerment is a pervasive presence and takes pride of place among their major development priorities. And yet, this article argues, the fact that these terms have been eviscerated of conceptual and political bite compromises their use as the primary frame through which to demand rights and justice. Critically examining the trajectories of these terms in development, the article suggests that if the promise of the post-2015 agenda is to deliver on gender justice, new frames are needed, which can connect with and contribute to a broader movement for global justice.

271 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Echo chambers and viral misinformation: Modeling fake news as complex contagion.

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Petter Törnberg1•
University of Amsterdam1
20 Sep 2018-PLOS ONE
TL;DR: A network simulation model used to study a possible relationship between echo chambers and the viral spread of misinformation finds an “echo chamber effect”: the presence of an opinion and network polarized cluster of nodes in a network contributes to the diffusion of complex contagions.
Abstract: The viral spread of digital misinformation has become so severe that the World Economic Forum considers it among the main threats to human society This spread have been suggested to be related to the similarly problematized phenomenon of “echo chambers”, but the causal nature of this relationship has proven difficult to disentangle due to the connected nature of social media, whose causality is characterized by complexity, non-linearity and emergence This paper uses a network simulation model to study a possible relationship between echo chambers and the viral spread of misinformation It finds an “echo chamber effect”: the presence of an opinion and network polarized cluster of nodes in a network contributes to the diffusion of complex contagions, and there is a synergetic effect between opinion and network polarization on the virality of misinformation The echo chambers effect likely comes from that they form the initial bandwagon for diffusion These findings have implication for the study of the media logic of new social media

223 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Do Humble CEOs Matter? An Examination of CEO Humility and Firm Outcomes

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Amy Y. Ou1, David A. Waldman2, Suzanne J. Peterson2•
National University of Singapore1, Arizona State University2
01 Mar 2018-Journal of Management
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a mediation model to explain the relationship between CEO humility and firm performance and found that when a more humble CEO leads a firm, its top management team is more likely to collaborate, share information, jointly make decisions, and possess a shared vision.

215 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Antibiotic Resistance and the Biology of History

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Hannah Landecker1•
University of California1
01 Dec 2016-Body & Society
TL;DR: The turn to the study of antibiotic resistance in microbiology and medicine is examined, focusing on the realization that individual therapies targeted at single pathogens in individual bodies are environmental events affecting bacterial evolution far beyond bodies.
Abstract: Beginning in the 1940s, mass production of antibiotics involved the industrialscale growth of microorganisms to harvest their metabolic products. Unfortunately, the use of antibiotics selects for resistance at answering scale. The turn to the study of antibiotic resistance in microbiology and medicine is examined, focusing on the realization that individual therapies targeted at single pathogens in individual bodies are environmental events affecting bacterial evolution far beyond bodies. In turning to biological manifestations of antibiotic use, sciences fathom material outcomes of their own previous concepts. Archival work with stored soil and clinical samples produces a record described here as ‘the biology of history’: the physical registration of human history in bacterial life. This account thus foregrounds the importance of understanding both the materiality of history and the historicity of matter in theories and concepts of life today.

204 citations