The impact of gravity waves rising from convection in the lower atmosphere on the generation and nonlinear evolution of equatorial bubble
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...The divergence-free current density condition∇·δJ=0 implies∇·δE=0 (Kherani et al., 2009c)....
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...This aspect can be examined only with a nonlinear simulation which is presented in companion paper (Kherani et al., 2009a)....
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...The nonlinear process of the instability growth is discussed in a companion paper by Kherani et al. (2009a)....
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...In Appendix A, governing equations for a zonal polarization fieldδEx excited by RTI is derived using hydromagnetic equations, detailed derivation is presented in a recent submis- sion (Kherani et al, 2009b)....
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...The nonlinear process of the instability growth is discussed in a companion paper by Kherani et al. (2009a). For Case 1a (conditions of 23 October) in Fig....
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124 citations
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...Abdu et al. (2009) and Kherani et al. (2009) have provided some cases showing evidence for direct GW seeding of the RTI and spread F generation as diagnosed by the 30 MHz radar and the Digisonde at S̃ao Lúıs....
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...Figure 9 shows a downward phase progression of the vertical velocity over Jicamarca, which can only be due to an electric field associated with a gravity wave [Abdu et al., 2009; Kherani et al., 2009]....
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91 citations
References
2,454 citations
"The impact of gravity waves rising ..." refers background in this paper
...Numerous theoretical and numerical studies have been performed to assess the linear and nonlinear aspects of these complex dynamics (Scannepieco and Ossakow, 1976; Zalesak, 1979; Zargham and Seyler, 1987; Raghavarao et al., 1992; Huang et al., 1993; Keskinen et al., 2003)....
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490 citations
"The impact of gravity waves rising ..." refers background in this paper
...These plumes are identified as large-scale depletions or plasma bubbles and are believed to be generated by CII and Rayleigh-Taylor instability mechanism (Sultan, 1996)....
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357 citations
"The impact of gravity waves rising ..." refers background in this paper
...Radar Correspondence to:E. Alam Kherani (alam@dae.inpe.br) observations of ESF reveal the existence of plumes that may penetrate to the topside F-layer and attain very high altitudes (Kelley et al., 1981)....
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...br) observations of ESF reveal the existence of plumes that may penetrate to the topside F-layer and attain very high altitudes (Kelley et al., 1981)....
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...Rottger (1981) and Kelley et al. (1981) were the first to note the potential importance of gravity waves (GWs) as a seeding perturbation for the spread F....
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