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The Impact of Self-Efficacy on Feelings and Task Performance of Academic and Teaching Staff in Bahrain during COVID-19: Analysis by SEM and ANN
01 Jan 2021-Vol. 7, Iss: 4, pp 224
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the impact of self-efficacy, positive feelings and negative feelings on the performance of academic and teaching staff at public and private universities in Bahrain during the COVID-19 lockdown.
Abstract: COVID-19 has changed the way we live, communicate and work, as well as altering our feelings. The higher education sector, alongside other sectors, has been severely affected by the pandemic and its serious repercussions. Academic and teaching staff have had to work from home and convert to online teaching, a change which has been met with both negative and positive feelings. The need for new competencies and upskilling, among other challenges, has been encountered. Therefore, the objectives of this study are aligned with exploring the impact of three constructs—self-efficacy, positive feelings and negative feelings—on the performance of academic and teaching staff at public and private universities in Bahrain during the COVID-19 lockdown. Additionally, the impact of self-efficacy on these feelings was explored. A cross-sectional quantitative survey instrument was developed, validated and distributed using 83 valid responses. A two-way approach was followed to evaluate the model using the partial least squares (PLS-SEM) and multi-layer perceptron-artificial neural network (MLP-ANN) techniques. Tests support the validity, reliability and consistency of the measurement scale, as well as the validity of the postulated model. The results revealed a statistically significant relationship between the three constructs and performance. Interestingly, attention is drawn to the impact of self-efficacy on increasing positive feelings and task performance. The impact of self-efficacy on reducing negative feelings is also evident. Analyses of PLS-SEM augmented by MLP-ANN enhanced our understanding of the relationships and gave more support to the use of dual approach analyses in future research. This research adds to COVID-19 global research and the findings increase the knowledge within the literature. The implications of the study’s outcomes should be given attention from higher education authorities and management to raise staff morale and offer training to help sustain performance and mental wellbeing. Lasty, limitations and future directions are discussed.
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TL;DR: In this paper , a cross-sectional analytical study was chosen to collect data from 350 learners pursuing undergraduate and postgraduate business/management degrees in Karnataka, India, and the data were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) and Smart PLS 3.
Abstract: Distress in online classrooms and problematic internet use are two issues that have caused student burnout and affect perceived learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the high pressure placed on students throughout COVID-19, it is critical to understand the influence of problematic internet use (PIU), psychological stress, academic burnout, and resilience on perceived learning (PL). A cross-sectional analytical study was chosen to collect data from 350 learners pursuing undergraduate and postgraduate business/management degrees in Karnataka, India. The data were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) and Smart PLS 3. The present study reports a non-significant negative total effect of stress on PL, while there was a significant positive direct effect but a significant indirect negative effect of multiple mediators, namely PIU, burnout, and resilience. In the relationship between stress and PL, burnout has full competitive mediation, and the suppressive effect of burnout and resilience wipes out the beneficial benefit of stress on PL, resulting in reduced PL. As a societal problem, a change in educational policy and prevention strategies for students and organizations (reducing the number of courses, number of exams, and handling parental expectations) would be effective. Emotional intelligence to improve resilience, which assists students in sailing through a current challenging situation and using IT for reducing negative and unexpected emotional outbursts should be encouraged.
25 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper , the authors examined how digital instructional leadership affects perceived student learning in online settings through teachers' intrinsic motivation for digital instruction (i.e., the mediator) through data from 380 teachers in Bahrain.
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic caused education systems to embrace remote schooling and online learning. In the context of this dramatic change, the principal's role has also changed. Instead of interacting face to face, school leaders had to become distant leaders operating digitally. The field has no knowledge of digital instructional leadership. The study used new and adapted measures to explore principals’ digital instructional leadership, its mechanisms of operation, and its outcomes. In particular, the research examined how digital instructional leadership affects perceived student learning in online settings through teachers’ intrinsic motivation for digital instruction (i.e. the mediator). The study used data from 380 teachers in Bahrain. Results indicated support for mediation. This is an empirical exploratory study, and therefore it is limited in scope. Nevertheless, its concepts, measures, and findings offer valuable contributions to research and practice. The limitations, findings, and implications of the study are discussed. The significance of the study derives from the growing incorporation of hybrid schooling in education and digital instructional leadership practices in mainstream principalship.
3 citations
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TL;DR: In this article , a study was conducted to find the relationship between employees' knowledge of administrative law, political skills, workplace dignity, constructive deviance and task performance, which is the first such study to be conducted in Saudi Arabia.
Abstract: In today’s volatile, uncertain and hyper-competitive business environment, enhancing employees’ task performance is a major concern. Therefore, organizations need to find out the antecedents of task performance. In this context, the present study was undertaken to find the relationship between employees’ knowledge of administrative law, political skills, workplace dignity, constructive deviance and task performance. To our knowledge, no previous study investigated the simultaneous relationships between these variables. Data were collected through questionnaires from 117 faculty members across different universities in Saudi Arabia. Since there was a lack of valid scales to measure knowledge of administrative law, the study developed a questionnaire to assess the same. Drawing support from the personal initiative theory, affective events theory and self-determination theory, the present study found that knowledge about administrative law influences employees’ political skills and workplace dignity, motivating them to exhibit constructive deviance, ultimately improving task performance. This is the first such study to be conducted in Saudi Arabia, as no previous studies have empirically examined this aspect. Hence, it is a new significant contribution to management literature.
2 citations
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TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigate principals' digital transformational leadership and its outcomes and their implications for effective remote schooling, and discuss the implications of their findings on effective remote learning.
Abstract: The knowledge about principals' digital transformational leadership in schools is scarce. This lacuna is problematic because recently many countries switched to remote schooling and online learning models during the COVID-19 pandemic. The new situation changed the principal's role to one of distant digital leadership, working with teachers and students remotely. The present study aims to investigate principals' digital transformational leadership and its outcomes. The research is based on data from 380 teachers in Bahrain. The findings and their implications for effective remote schooling are discussed. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
1 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigated teachers' organizational citizenship behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic and identified the unique construct of teacher OCB during the pandemic, composed of six categories: promoting academic achievement, investing extra time, providing support to students, use of technology, compliance with regulations and compliance with role changes.
1 citations
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TL;DR: The authors conclude that PLS-SEM path modeling, if appropriately applied, is indeed a "silver bullet" for estimating causal models in many theoretical models and empirical data situations.
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TL;DR: The results indicate that the decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior provides a fuller understanding of behavioral intention by focusing on the factors that are likely to influence systems use through the application of both design and implementation strategies.
Abstract: The Technology Acceptance Model and two variations of the Theory of Planned Behavior were compared to assess which model best helps to understand usage of information technology. The models were compared using student data collected from 786 potential users of a computer resource center. Behavior data was based on monitoring 3,780 visits to the resource center over a 12-week period. Weighted least squares estimation revealed that all three models performed well in terms of fit and were roughly equivalent in terms of their ability to explain behavior. Decomposing the belief structures in the Theory of Planned Behavior provided a moderate increase in the explanation of behavioral intention. Overall, the results indicate that the decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior provides a fuller understanding of behavioral intention by focusing on the factors that are likely to influence systems use through the application of both design and implementation strategies.
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