Journal ArticleDOI
The impact of stretching on sports injury risk: a systematic review of the literature.
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There is not sufficient evidence to endorse or discontinue routine stretching before or after exercise to prevent injury among competitive or recreational athletes and further research is urgently needed.Abstract:
THACKER, S. B., J. GILCHRIST, D. F. STROUP, and C. D. KIMSEY, JR. The Impact of Stretching on Sports Injury Risk: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 36, No. 3, pp. 371–378, 2004. Purpose: We conducted a systematic review to assess the evidence for the effectiveness of stretching as a tool to prevent injuries in sports and to make recommendations for research and prevention. Methods: Without language limitations, we searched electronic data bases, including MEDLINE (1966 –2002), Current Contents (1997–2002), Biomedical Collection (1993–1999), the Cochrane Library, and SPORTDiscus, and then identified citations from papers retrieved and contacted experts in the field. Meta-analysis was limited to randomized trials or cohort studies for interventions that included stretching. Studies were excluded that lacked controls, in which stretching could not be assessed independently, or where studies did not include subjects in sporting or fitness activities. All articles were screened initially by one author. Six of 361 identified articles compared stretching with other methods to prevent injury. Data were abstracted by one author and then reviewed independently by three others. Data quality was assessed independently by three authors using a previously standardized instrument, and reviewers met to reconcile substantive differences in interpretation. We calculated weighted pooled odds ratios based on an intention-to-treat analysis as well as subgroup analyses by quality score and study design. Results: Stretching was not significantly associated with a reduction in total injuries (OR 0.93, CI 0.78 –1.11) and similar findings were seen in the subgroup analyses. Conclusion: There is not sufficient evidence to endorse or discontinue routine stretching before or after exercise to prevent injury among competitive or recreational athletes. Further research, especially well-conducted randomized controlled trials, is urgently needed to determine the proper role of stretching in sports. Key Words: ATHLETES, CONDITIONING, META-ANALYSIS, SYNTHESISread more
Citations
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Quantity and Quality of Exercise for Developing and Maintaining Cardiorespiratory, Musculoskeletal, and Neuromotor Fitness in Apparently Healthy Adults: Guidance for Prescribing Exercise
Carol Ewing Garber,Bryan Blissmer,Michael R. Deschenes,Barry A. Franklin,Michael J. LaMonte,I-Min Lee,David C. Nieman,David P. Swain +7 more
TL;DR: The recommended quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness, and Flexibility in healthy adults is discussed in the position stand of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) Position Stand.
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Physical Activity and Public Health in Older Adults Recommendation From the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association
Miriam E. Nelson,W. Jack Rejeski,Steven N. Blair,Pamela W. Duncan,James O. Judge,Abby C. King,Carol A. Macera,Carmen Castaneda-Sceppa +7 more
TL;DR: The recommendation for older adults is similar to the updated ACSM/AHA recommendation for adults, but has several important differences including: the recommended intensity of aerobic activity takes into account the older adult's aerobic fitness; activities that maintain or increase flexibility are recommended; and balance exercises are recommended for Older adults at risk of falls.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physical activity and public health in older adults : Recommendation from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association
Miriam E. Nelson,W. Jack Rejeski,Steven N. Blair,Pamela W. Duncan,James O. Judge,Abby C. King,Carol A. Macera,Carmen Castaneda-Sceppa +7 more
TL;DR: The recommendation for older adults is similar to the updated ACSM/AHA recommendation for adults, but has several important differences including: the recommended intensity of aerobic activity takes into account the older adult's aerobic fitness; activities that maintain or increase flexibility are recommended; and balance exercises are recommended for Older adults at risk of falls.
Journal ArticleDOI
Youth resistance training: updated position statement paper from the national strength and conditioning association.
Avery D. Faigenbaum,William J. Kraemer,Cameron J. R. Blimkie,Ian Jeffreys,Lyle J. Micheli,Mike Nitka,Thomas W. Rowland +6 more
TL;DR: The present report updates and clarify the 1996 recommendations on 4 major areas of importance and discusses the potential risks and concerns associated with youth resistance training, the types and amount of resistance training needed by healthy children and adolescents, and program design considerations for optimizing long-term training adaptations.
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Incidence, Risk, and Prevention of Hamstring Muscle Injuries in Professional Rugby Union:
TL;DR: Players undertaking Nordic hamstring exercises in addition to conventional stretching and strengthening exercises had lower incidences and severities of injury during training and competition.
References
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The Effect of Neuromuscular Training on the Incidence of Knee Injury in Female Athletes A Prospective Study
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