The Influence of Perceived Risk and Trust in Adoption of FinTech Services in Indonesia
31 May 2019-CommIT Journal: Communication and Information Technology (Universitas Bina Nusantara)-Vol. 13, Iss: 1, pp 31-37
TL;DR: The results indicate that the factor of users trusts influences perceived usefulness in the adoption to use FinTech services, however, the risk factor does not affect the use of Fin tech services, which further does not influence the users’ attitude.
Abstract: The service level in community must be considered if it wants to continue to be used by the users. This research studies the adoption of Financial Technology (FinTech) services in the terms of trust and risk. The work employs the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) theory as the theoretical basis combined with trust and perceived risk. The research method is quantitative. The data are analyzed by the Structural Equation Model (SEM) using Smart PLS V2.0. The researchers use a questionnaire in Google Form to collect the data. It is distributed online with the snowball data collection technique. As a result, 548 respondents are successfully gathered. The results indicate that the factor of users trusts influences perceived usefulness in the adoption to use FinTech services. However, the risk factor does not affect the use of FinTech services, which further does not influence the users’ attitude. The work contributes to the study of the adoption of FinTech services, which provides a view determining the users’ intention to use FinTech services in Indonesia.
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12 Aug 2021
TL;DR: In this article, user innovativeness was found to be a significant predictor for the adoption of Fintech in Indonesia, while user attitude was the most important factor towards adoption.
Abstract: The integration of the financial industry and financial technology (Fintech) plays a pivotal role in increasing financial services reach and inclusion for the large unbanked population in Indonesia. Fintech adoption optimization expands the financial access to formal financial institutions, especially to vulnerable groups such as the unbanked population who predominantly reside in rural areas far from formal financial institutions. Fintech is viewed as a game changer to bring finance to the unreached communities via information technology and digital financial landscape. In this causal research, data collection was done via online questionnaires to 485 Fintech users between December 2020 and April 2021. Data analysis and path modelling was performed using smartPLS 3.0 software. Result shows user innovativeness as a significant predictor, directly and indirectly affecting the adoption of Fintech in Indonesia, while user attitude found the most important factor towards Fintech adoption. Financial literacy is the least important variable to predict Fintech adoption, contrary to popular belief. This indicates that Fintech usage requires less financial literacy and is potential to reach unbanked population and those with low financial literacy. To make Fintech more inclusive, the government needs to accelerate improving Information and Communications Technology (ICT) infrastructure such as widening mobile broadband penetration and soft infrastructure by encouraging Fintech startup, allowing regulatory sandbox for startups, and driving financial institutions to innovate through Fintech to bring financial services to unbanked population.
41 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated factors that influence Hungarian Generation X's behavioral intentions to use mobile payment services during the SARS-2 virus pandemic and found that perceived COVID-19 risk, perceived usefulness, subjective norms, and perceived ease of use explained 62.9% of the variance in intention to adopt mobile payment systems.
34 citations
TL;DR: It is confirmed that perceived ease of use (PEOU) and promotion positively and significantly affected the customer trust and security did not significantly affect trust, which implied that in order to increase the fintech adoption rate, customer trust should be built.
Abstract: The advancement of mobile devices and their usage has increased the uptake of fintech innovation. These new technologies should provide ease of use and give advantages to their customers. On the other side, mobile application security threats have increased tremendously and have become a great challenge for both users, in this case, as customers, and fintech innovators. Meanwhile, service should be promoted to the customers to establish fintech's brand to society. This research empirically examined the components affecting the expectations of users to adopt fintech. By collecting 100 samples who have already used a couple of brands of Fintech and Sakuku as their payment method, and by utilizing Structural Equation Modeling- Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) as the technique of analysis, the empirical results definitely confirmed that perceived ease of use (PEOU) and promotion positively and significantly affected the customer trust. Meanwhile, security did not significantly affect trust. The finding also implied that in order to increase the fintech adoption rate, customer trust should be built.
27 citations
11 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors assess the opportunities and challenges for different categories of FinTechs in the SAARC and ASEAN regions, and develop a new index, termed the FinTech Opportunity Index (FOI), to conceptualise the opportunity and barriers based on individual savings, borrowings, purchasing behavior, and payment preferences.
Abstract: This article assesses the opportunities and challenges for different categories of FinTechs in the SAARC and ASEAN regions. We consider the global financial inclusion data released by the World Bank and map the responses to gain insights into the opportunities and challenges for FinTechs in the respective regions. We develop a new index, termed the FinTech Opportunity Index (FOI), to conceptualise the opportunities and barriers based on individual savings, borrowings, purchasing behaviour, and payment preferences. We note that FinTech services have potential opportunities for expansion in the ASEAN regions but less so in the SAARC regions. The need for different types of FinTech services varies between regions. Services such as crowdfunding, neobanks, and InsurTech have potential in the ASEAN regions, especially with the positive attitude towards entrepreneurship and asset investments. In the SAARC regions, InsurTechs linked to health care has potential along with LendTechs and neobanks. We further note that males, and the young are more likely adopters of FinTechs in both regions. The analysis suggests the need for innovative promotions and education to motivate the more sceptical, especially women and the elderly population, to adopt FinTech services.
10 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed and validated new scales for two specific variables, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, which are hypothesized to be fundamental determinants of user acceptance.
Abstract: Valid measurement scales for predicting user acceptance of computers are in short supply. Most subjective measures used in practice are unvalidated, and their relationship to system usage is unknown. The present research develops and validates new scales for two specific variables, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, which are hypothesized to be fundamental determinants of user acceptance. Definitions of these two variables were used to develop scale items that were pretested for content validity and then tested for reliability and construct validity in two studies involving a total of 152 users and four application programs. The measures were refined and streamlined, resulting in two six-item scales with reliabilities of .98 for usefulness and .94 for ease of use. The scales exhibited hgih convergent, discriminant, and factorial validity. Perceived usefulness was significnatly correlated with both self-reported current usage r = .63, Study 1) and self-predicted future usage r = .85, Study 2). Perceived ease of use was also significantly correlated with current usage r = .45, Study 1) and future usage r = .59, Study 2). In both studies, usefulness had a signficnatly greater correaltion with usage behavior than did ease of use. Regression analyses suggest that perceived ease of use may actually be a causal antecdent to perceived usefulness, as opposed to a parallel, direct determinant of system usage. Implications are drawn for future research on user acceptance.
40,720 citations
TL;DR: The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) as mentioned in this paper is a unified model that integrates elements across the eight models, and empirically validate the unified model.
Abstract: Information technology (IT) acceptance research has yielded many competing models, each with different sets of acceptance determinants. In this paper, we (1) review user acceptance literature and discuss eight prominent models, (2) empirically compare the eight models and their extensions, (3) formulate a unified model that integrates elements across the eight models, and (4) empirically validate the unified model. The eight models reviewed are the theory of reasoned action, the technology acceptance model, the motivational model, the theory of planned behavior, a model combining the technology acceptance model and the theory of planned behavior, the model of PC utilization, the innovation diffusion theory, and the social cognitive theory. Using data from four organizations over a six-month period with three points of measurement, the eight models explained between 17 percent and 53 percent of the variance in user intentions to use information technology. Next, a unified model, called the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), was formulated, with four core determinants of intention and usage, and up to four moderators of key relationships. UTAUT was then tested using the original data and found to outperform the eight individual models (adjusted R2 of 69 percent). UTAUT was then confirmed with data from two new organizations with similar results (adjusted R2 of 70 percent). UTAUT thus provides a useful tool for managers needing to assess the likelihood of success for new technology introductions and helps them understand the drivers of acceptance in order to proactively design interventions (including training, marketing, etc.) targeted at populations of users that may be less inclined to adopt and use new systems. The paper also makes several recommendations for future research including developing a deeper understanding of the dynamic influences studied here, refining measurement of the core constructs used in UTAUT, and understanding the organizational outcomes associated with new technology use.
27,798 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors address the ability to predict peoples' computer acceptance from a measure of their intentions, and explain their intentions in terms of their attitudes, subjective norms, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and related variables.
Abstract: Computer systems cannot improve organizational performance if they aren't used. Unfortunately, resistance to end-user systems by managers and professionals is a widespread problem. To better predict, explain, and increase user acceptance, we need to better understand why people accept or reject computers. This research addresses the ability to predict peoples' computer acceptance from a measure of their intentions, and the ability to explain their intentions in terms of their attitudes, subjective norms, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and related variables. In a longitudinal study of 107 users, intentions to use a specific system, measured after a one-hour introduction to the system, were correlated 0.35 with system use 14 weeks later. The intention-usage correlation was 0.63 at the end of this time period. Perceived usefulness strongly influenced peoples' intentions, explaining more than half of the variance in intentions at the end of 14 weeks. Perceived ease of use had a small but significant effect on intentions as well, although this effect subsided over time. Attitudes only partially mediated the effects of these beliefs on intentions. Subjective norms had no effect on intentions. These results suggest the possibility of simple but powerful models of the determinants of user acceptance, with practical value for evaluating systems and guiding managerial interventions aimed at reducing the problem of underutilized computer technology.
21,880 citations
Dissertation•
01 Jan 1985
5,244 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, Luhmann et al. found that familiarity is a precondition for trust, and trust is a prerequisite of social behavior, especially regarding important decisions, in the context of the E-commerce involved in inquiring about and purchasing books on the Internet.
Abstract: Familiarity is a precondition for trust, claims Luhmann [28: Luhmann N. Trust and power. Chichester UK: Wiley, 1979. (translation from German)], and trust is a prerequisite of social behavior, especially regarding important decisions. This study examines this intriguing idea in the context of the E-commerce involved in inquiring about and purchasing books on the Internet. Survey data from 217 potential users support and extend this hypothesis. The data show that both familiarity with an Internet vendor and its processes and trust in the vendor influenced the respondents’ intentions to inquire about books, and their intentions to purchase them. Additionally, the data show that while familiarity indeed builds trust, it is primarily people’s disposition to trust that affected their trust in the vendor. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
2,747 citations