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The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields (Chinese Translation)

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that rational actors make their organizations increasingly similar as they try to change them, and describe three isomorphic processes-coercive, mimetic, and normative.
Abstract: What makes organizations so similar? We contend that the engine of rationalization and bureaucratization has moved from the competitive marketplace to the state and the professions. Once a set of organizations emerges as a field, a paradox arises: rational actors make their organizations increasingly similar as they try to change them. We describe three isomorphic processes-coercive, mimetic, and normative—leading to this outcome. We then specify hypotheses about the impact of resource centralization and dependency, goal ambiguity and technical uncertainty, and professionalization and structuration on isomorphic change. Finally, we suggest implications for theories of organizations and social change.
Citations
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01 Jan 2018
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a research agenda to understand the role of business elites in sustainable development, uncovering the networks among business and political elites, focus on Latin American economies and regions, bypass case studies and develop cross-national and transnational analysis, and turn to a combination of causal methods.
Abstract: Research on the conjunction of business elites and sustainable development fascinates practitioners and international organizations but faces methodological and data collection challenges within academia. Firstly, studies on corporate sustainability have promptly increased but have been extremely focused on an organizational level of analysis, which inhibits figuring out whether business decisions have an impact at the macro or societal level. Secondly, major policy recommendations on sustainable development point to the creation of networks and partnerships among business elites, governments and civil organizations but it is largely ignored which specific type of network configuration goes along with sustainable development. Thirdly, the literature on sustainable development often considered business elites as homogenous and concentrated, even though conflicting views exist regarding aspects of sustainable development. Finally, the influence of business elites on environmental, social and economic policies has been more supposed than empirically demonstrated. Past research has been unable to overcome these challenges in part due to insufficient data clarifying the full breadth of business elite connections with political and civil organizations nationally and transnationally, and the lack of a combination of analytical tools for analyzing multilevel characteristics and actions. The present paper proposes a research agenda to comprehend the role of business elites in sustainable development. Future studies should use network analysis as leverage, uncover the networks among business and political elites, focus on Latin American economies and regions, bypass case studies and develop cross-national and transnational analysis, and turn to a combination of causal methods.

10 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the resilience of oil intensive Romanian communities to oil price fluctuations is determined based on identifying the communities with the most extensive oil extraction activities using GIS (Geographic Information System) software.
Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the resilience of oil intensive Romanian communities to oil price fluctuations. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology employed is based on identifying the communities with the most extensive oil extraction activities using GIS (Geographic Information System) software. We then apply a random effects panel regression model to check the significance of the oil price as a predictor of employment. Finding: Results indicate that the effect of oil price fluctuations is limited, with employment in the identified communities following the national trend. Research limitations/implications: Unfortunately, our study is hindered by data availability issues and a short time series. Nevertheless, conclusions are backed by the country’s characteristics - a diversified economy, integration with refining operations, and the presence of related manufacturing and services activities. Originality/value: The study adds to the existing literature by focusing on a mature region with a long history of hydrocarbon extraction activities. We argue that the study of local communities in mature regions is of great importance in the context of the ongoing energy transition, particularly of those located within the European Union.

10 citations

01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: SIS refers to any IS that utilises sensor(s) that are directly or indirectly connected to other sensors or sensor networks in order to automate, inform and/or transform a given task or process or appliance.
Abstract: Sensor Information Systems (SIS) refer to any IS that utilises sensor(s) that are directly or indirectly connected to other sensors or sensor networks in order to automate, inform and/or transform a given task or process or appliance. SIS are promoted as

10 citations

Dissertation
15 Jun 2015
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a logique emergente based on the declic notion of the enonces performatifs d'Austin (1962) dans le changement de choix de logique chez les individus a travers une nouvelle notion.
Abstract: Au travers d'une etude de cas unique et interpretative de la profession medicale, cette these propose d'etudier l'usage des artefacts dans la dynamique conjointe des logiques institutionnelles. Pour comprendre la facon dont le changement s'opere, nous avons suivi l'institutionnalisation d'une nouvelle logique emergente. Des medecins generalistes legitiment leur role dans le champ medical par la creation d'un mouvement social a la croisee de plusieurs mondes : une logique professionnelle et une logique basee sur l'evidence. Apres avoir rassemble les differents objets epistemiques mobilises (Knorr -Cetina, 2001), une analyse biographique d'une cinquantaine de medecins a ete realisee par le biais du cycle hermeneutique (Bleicher, 1980 ; Myers, 2013). L'originalite de ce travail se fonde sur l'approche socio-materielle des pratiques (Orlikowski, 2005) percues a la fois comme des traceurs du changement et comme des "performateurs" du changement. Dans le premier cas, d'un point de vue methodologique, il est possible de faire emerger plusieurs logiques institutionnelles (Friedland, 2012) en analysant l'evolution des objets utilises par les medecins dans le temps (Gherardi, 2012) pour comprendre l'agencement des acteurs au cours du changement institutionnel (Lounsbury & Crumley, 2007). Dans le second cas, et a portee theorique, la comprehension de la performativite des objets fournit des explications conceptuelles quant a la propagation d'une logique (Orlikowski & Scott, 2008). Nous explicitons le role des enonces performatifs d'Austin (1962) dans le changement de choix de logique chez les individus a travers une nouvelle notion : le declic.

10 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate the recent expansion of Correspondent Bank networks controlled by CU, questioning the potential of this new organizational model for financial inclusion, and conclude that the recent adoption of the CB channel improves CU outreach and thus could expad their ability to promote financial inclusion.
Abstract: Credit Unions (CU) represent a particular non-capitalist alternative to promote financial inclusion and local development. Correspondent banking (CB) have proved to be a channel that gets closer to the underserved by the traditional financial system. The recent adoption of the CB channel improves CU outreach and thus could expad their ability to promote financial inclusion. This study investigates the recent expansion of CB networks controlled by CU, questioning the potential of this new organizational model for financial inclusion.

10 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article synthesize the large but diverse literature on organizational legitimacy, highlighting similarities and disparities among the leading strategic and institutional approaches, and identify three primary forms of legitimacy: pragmatic, based on audience self-interest; moral, based upon normative approval; and cognitive, according to comprehensibility and taken-for-grantedness.
Abstract: This article synthesizes the large but diverse literature on organizational legitimacy, highlighting similarities and disparities among the leading strategic and institutional approaches. The analysis identifies three primary forms of legitimacy: pragmatic, based on audience self-interest; moral, based on normative approval: and cognitive, based on comprehensibility and taken-for-grantedness. The article then examines strategies for gaining, maintaining, and repairing legitimacy of each type, suggesting both the promises and the pitfalls of such instrumental manipulations.

13,229 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a theory of stakeholder identification and saliency based on stakeholders possessing one or more of three relationship attributes (power, legitimacy, and urgency) is proposed, and a typology of stakeholders, propositions concerning their saliency to managers of the firm, and research and management implications.
Abstract: Stakeholder theory has been a popular heuristic for describing the management environment for years, but it has not attained full theoretical status. Our aim in this article is to contribute to a theory of stakeholder identification and salience based on stakeholders possessing one or more of three relationship attributes: power, legitimacy, and urgency. By combining these attributes, we generate a typology of stakeholders, propositions concerning their salience to managers of the firm, and research and management implications.

10,630 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Christine Oliver1
TL;DR: The authors applied the convergent insights of institutional and resource dependence perspectives to the prediction of strategic responses to institutional processes, and proposed a typology of strategies that vary in active organizational resistance from passive conformity to proactive manipulation.
Abstract: This article applies the convergent insights of institutional and resource dependence perspectives to the prediction of strategic responses to institutional processes. The article offers a typology of strategic responses that vary in active organizational resistance from passive conformity to proactive manipulation. Ten institutional factors are hypothesized to predict the occurrence of the alternative proposed strategies and the degree of organizational conformity or resistance to institutional pressures.

7,595 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article conducted a meta-analysis of 52 studies and found that corporate virtue in the form of social responsibility and, to a lesser extent, environmental responsibility is likely to pay off, although the operationalizations of CSP and CFP also moderate the positive association.
Abstract: Most theorizing on the relationship between corporate social/environmental performance (CSP) and corporate financial performance (CFP) assumes that the current evidence is too fractured or too variable to draw any generalizable conclusions. With this integrative, quantitative study, we intend to show that the mainstream claim that we have little generalizable knowledge about CSP and CFP is built on shaky grounds. Providing a methodologically more rigorous review than previous efforts, we conduct a meta-analysis of 52 studies (which represent the population of prior quantitative inquiry) yielding a total sample size of 33,878 observations. The meta-analytic findings suggest that corporate virtue in the form of social responsibility and, to a lesser extent, environmental responsibility is likely to pay off, although the operationalizations of CSP and CFP also moderate the positive association. For example, CSP appears to be more highly correlated with accounting-based measures of CFP than with market-based ...

6,493 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider structural inertia in organizational populations as an outcome of an ecological-evolutionary process and define structural inertia as a correspondence between a class of organizations and their environments.
Abstract: Considers structural inertia in organizational populations as an outcome of an ecological-evolutionary process. Structural inertia is considered to be a consequence of selection as opposed to a precondition. The focus of this analysis is on the timing of organizational change. Structural inertia is defined to be a correspondence between a class of organizations and their environments. Reliably producing collective action and accounting rationally for their activities are identified as important organizational competencies. This reliability and accountability are achieved when the organization has the capacity to reproduce structure with high fidelity. Organizations are composed of various hierarchical layers that vary in their ability to respond and change. Organizational goals, forms of authority, core technology, and marketing strategy are the four organizational properties used to classify organizations in the proposed theory. Older organizations are found to have more inertia than younger ones. The effect of size on inertia is more difficult to determine. The variance in inertia with respect to the complexity of organizational arrangements is also explored. (SRD)

6,425 citations