The mechanism of rare earth incorporation in solution doping process.
TL;DR: A model has been developed on the basis of cooperative adsorption mechanism correlating different parameters in the overall process that shows good agreement with the experimental results and can be used to predict the extent of RE incorporation for any composition if the soot layer characteristics are known.
Abstract: The mechanism involved during solution doping process has been systematically investigated by correlating the soot characteristics and solution parameters with the amount of rare earth (RE) incorporated in the core of optical fiber. Experiments show that the amount of RE incorporation may be controlled with better precision by adjusting Al ion concentration in the soaking solution. A model has been developed on the basis of cooperative adsorption mechanism correlating different parameters in the overall process. Theoretical estimation shows good agreement with the experimental results and can be used to predict the extent of RE incorporation for any composition if the soot layer characteristics are known.
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TL;DR: Yb3+/Tm3+ co-doped silica fiber was prepared successfully by glass phase-separation technology as mentioned in this paper, and the measured refractive index profile indicated that the active fiber core had an excellent uniformity.
Abstract: Yb3+/Tm3+ co-doped silica fiber was prepared successfully by glass phase-separation technology The measured refractive index profile indicated that the active fiber core had an excellent uniformity The highest emission intensity was obtained in a sample with a Yb3+ concentration of 03 mol/L and a Tm3+ concentration of 01 mol/L Under the excitation at 976 nm, intense blue upconversion emission of Tm3+ at 474 nm was observed due to energy transfer from Yb3+ to Tm3+ A three-photon process was responsible for the blue emission Due to re-absorption resulted from the Tm3+:3H6→1G4 transition, the blue emission peak was red-shifted It is suggested that the fiber preparation technology based on glass phase-separation technology can be a potential candidate for preparing active fibers with large core or complex fiber structure
3 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a modified chemical vapour deposition (MCVD) technique was used to improve the characteristics of a solution-doped optical fiber preform using a new method of soot deposition.
3 citations
13 Feb 2019
3 citations
Cites methods from "The mechanism of rare earth incorpo..."
...Here, a porous silica frit is inserted into the hollow silica tube, and then it is soaked with the RE precursors solution [266]....
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Dissertation•
01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the results of a study conducted by the Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology and the Institute of Engineering and Sciences of Bilkent University in Turkey.
Abstract: Ankara : The Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology and the Institute of Engineering and Sciences of Bilkent University, 2011.
2 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of co-dopant oxide on the properties of SiO2 glass for a glass laser host was studied. And the effects of the Al dopant on the density and Raman spectra were also studied to obtain structural information.
Abstract: To utilize the excellent properties of silica (SiO2) glass for a glass laser host, neodymium‐aluminum (Nd–Al) and neodymium‐phosphorous (Nd–P) co‐doped SiO2 glasses were studied. They were prepared by plasma‐torch chemical vapor deposition (CVD). It was found that a doping level less than ten times the number of Nd for the Al co‐dopant and less than about fifteen times for the P co‐dopant was enough to remove undesirable fluorescence properties of Nd‐doped SiO2 glasses and make them suitable for laser application. The clustering Nd ions disperse well in a glass matrix and lasing fluorescence increases. The effects of the Al dopant on the density and Raman spectra were also studied to obtain structural information. On the basis of glass science and solution chemistry, the marked effects of both dopants were explained by the following model. Nd ions can be well incorporated into a SiO2 glass network through co‐dopant oxide forming a solvation shell around the Nd ions. This model leads to an expansible metho...
539 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the metastable binary two-liquid region is defined, and a structural interpretation of the phase separation and the effects of small oxide additions on it is offered, and evidence for both classical and possible spinodal nucleation mechanisms during liquid segregation in this system is presented.
Abstract: Metastable glass-in-glass separation was observed on rapid quenching of A12O3-SiO2 melts containing from 10 to 50 mol% A12O3. Nucleation and subsequent crystallization of mullite within the high-alumina-dispersed glass phase may occur either during cooling from the melt or on reheating. The metastable binary two-liquid region is compositionally defined, and a structural interpretation of the phase separation and the effects of small oxide additions on it is offered. Evidence for both classical and possible spinodal nucleation mechanisms during liquid segregation in this system is presented.
230 citations
TL;DR: The porous core layer deposited by modified chemical vapour deposition process has been analyzed in terms of thickness, pore size distribution, homogeneity and characteristics of the soot particles to investigate their variation with deposition temperature and input vapour composition.
Abstract: The porous core layer deposited by modified chemical vapour deposition process has been analyzed in terms of thickness, pore size distribution, homogeneity and characteristics of the soot particles to investigate their variation with deposition temperature and input vapour composition. The compositions selected were SiO2, SiO2-GeO2 and SiO2-P2O5. Rare earth ions were incorporated into the deposit by a solution doping technique. The analysis of deposited microstructures was found to provide a quantitative indication about the rare earth incorporation and its variation with respect to process conditions. Thus the characterization provides a method of controlling rare earth doping and ultimate preform/fiber properties.
78 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the upconversion process of erbium ions in ion-exchanged waveguides in a phosphate glass was studied from the pump intensity dependence of luminescence decay curves.
Abstract: The cooperative upconversion processes of erbium ions in silver film ion-exchanged waveguides in a phosphate glass were studied from the pump intensity dependence of luminescence decay curves. Cooperative upconversion coefficients of the 4I13/2 level, 7.7±0.7×10-19 and 9.3±0.7×10-19 cm3/s, were obtained for an Er3+ concentration of 1×1020 cm-3 in bulk and waveguide samples, respectively. These values are 1 order of magnitude smaller than the ones reported for silica glass. The increase in the cooperative upconversion coefficient with the increase in Er3+ concentration was found to be small. The effects of cooperative upconversion on the gain performance were analyzed for different Er3+ concentrations by a theoretical model based on experimentally measured gain with a 1.48-µm pump wavelength. Given the small cooperative upconversion coefficients in this glass, Er3+ concentrations potentially as high as 3.7×1020 cm-3 were shown to be feasible. Such high concentrations would result in a 12-dB gain at 150-mW pump power with a 4-cm-long waveguide.
74 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the process parameters involved at various stages of solution doping method for fabricating rare earth (RE) doped optical fiber have been systematically investigated to optimize the process conditions and achieve better control over RE incorporation.
12 citations