The microfinance promise
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Cites background from "The microfinance promise"
...Defining crowdfunding Crowdfunding draws inspiration from concepts like micro-finance (Morduch, 1999) and crowdsourcing (Poetz and Schreier, 2012), but represents its own unique category of fundraising, facilitated by a growing number of internet sites devoted to the topic....
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...Crowdfunding draws inspiration from concepts like micro-finance (Morduch, 1999) and crowdsourcing (Poetz and Schreier, 2012), but represents its own unique category of fundraising, facilitated by a growing number of internet sites devoted to the topic....
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Cites background or result from "The microfinance promise"
...It is also worth noting that microfinance programs in Bangladesh has often faced problems getting through to the poorest (Morduch, 1999)....
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...The problem with this strategy as Morduch (1999) points out is that one runs the risk of excluding the poor....
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...This is true both for India post-1990 and more broadly for low income countries as a whole (Morduch, 1999).38 Unfortunately, lack of comparable data on microfinance schemes in India makes a direct comparison infeasible....
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...We can, however, get a ‘back of the envelope’ feel for the cost-benefit ratio for our program and compare this to ratios for microfinance programs in Bangladesh reported in Morduch (1999)....
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...[39] Morduch, Jonathan [1999],” The Microfinance Promise”, Journal of Economic Literature, Vol....
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References
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"The microfinance promise" refers background in this paper
...As above, the evaluations generally measure performance by on-time repayment rates and the ability to generate revenues which cover costs.25 More recently, evaluations have included simple measures of outreach—the number of borrowers below official poverty lines, the gender of borrowers, and the average size of loans and savings accounts (e.g., MicroBanking Bulletin 1998; Robert Peck Christen et al. 1995)....
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...However, more intensive programs have been expensive and seldom justify their costs (Robert Lalonde 1995)....
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...2 Recent theoretical studies of microfinance include Joseph Stiglitz 1990; Hal Varian 1990; Timothy Besley and Stephen Coate 1995; Abhijit Banerjee, Besley, and Timothy Guinnane 1992; Maitreesh Ghatak 1998; Mansoora Rashid and Robert Townsend 1993; Beatriz Armendariz de Aghion and Morduch 1998; Armendariz and Christian Gollier 1997; Margaret Madajewicz 1998; Aliou Diagne 1998; Bruce Wydick 1999; Jonathan Conning 1997; Edward S. Prescott 1997; and Loïc Sadoulet 1997....
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...It is no coincidence that the rise of microfinance parallels the rise of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in policy circles and the newfound attention to “social capital” by academics (e.g., Robert Putnam 1993)....
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...Similarly, by 1986 repayment rates sank to 41 percent for subsidized credit delivered as part of India’s high-profile Integrated Rural Development Program (Robert Pulley 1989)....
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