The Open Innovation Paradox: Knowledge Sharing and Protection in R&D Collaborations
01 Aug 2010-
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate the paradox that arises when firms simultaneously share and protect their knowledge in an alliance with other organizations and identify which strategies can be developed to cope with this tension.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the paradox that arises when firms simultaneously share and protect their knowledge in an alliance with other organizations. The goal of this paper therefore is to explore this tension field in such a coupled open innovation process and to identify which strategies can be developed to cope with this tension.Design/methodology/approach – The study was initially guided by a literature review and exploratory interviews, and it ultimately develops an inductive framework based on a multiple case study approach. The paper presents eight cases of a focal firm involved in a particular R&D collaboration. The case studies are based on a variety of data sources, including a number of semi‐structured interviews.Findings – This paper unravels the tension field of knowledge sharing and protection in R&D collaborations, with the knowledge characteristics at the core and with the knowledge embodiment and relational dimension as mediating factors. These forces are in t...
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: Polanyi is at pains to expunge what he believes to be the false notion contained in the contemporary view of science which treats it as an object and basically impersonal discipline.
Abstract: The Study of Man. By Michael Polanyi. Price, $1.75. Pp. 102. University of Chicago Press, 5750 Ellis Ave., Chicago 37, 1959. One subtitle to Polanyi's challenging and fascinating book might be The Evolution and Natural History of Error , for Polanyi is at pains to expunge what he believes to be the false notion contained in the contemporary view of science which treats it as an object and basically impersonal discipline. According to Polanyi not only is this a radical and important error, but it is harmful to the objectives of science itself. Another subtitle could be Farewell to Detachment , for in place of cold objectivity he develops the idea that science is necessarily intensely personal. It is a human endeavor and human point of view which cannot be divorced from nor uprooted out of the human matrix from which it arises and in which it works. For a good while
2,248 citations
TL;DR: The Economics and Management of Intellectual Property: Towards Intellectual Capitalism as mentioned in this paper is a seminal work in the field of economics and management of intellectual property in the context of economic systems, and it has been widely cited.
Abstract: (2000). The Economics and Management of Intellectual Property: Towards Intellectual Capitalism. Journal of Economic Issues: Vol. 34, No. 4, pp. 988-990.
106 citations
TL;DR: The influence of oil price volatility on significant international macroeconomic indicators is examined empirically in this paper , where the vector auto-regression (VAR) system is used to examine the influence of price volatility.
Abstract: The influence of oil price volatility on significant international macroeconomic indicators is examined empirically. The vector auto-regression (VAR) system is used to examine the influence of oil price volatility. According to the Granger causality test, impulse response functions, and variance decomposition, economic recovery and investment have been significantly affected by oil price volatility from 2000Q1 to 2020Q4. According to this research, business investment and oil prices have shown great power throughout the international economic meltdown. Volatility in economic activity and oil prices are expected during this crisis, according to the recent COVID-19 outbreak. Furthermore, in the international financial crisis and COVID-19 crises, oil prices and economic growth are strongly linked. We propose that the COVID-19 epidemic and the global financial problems have major effects on economic activity when oil prices fall. The COVID-19 epidemic had the greatest total connectedness between oil prices and economic activities, which suggests that the speed of information propagation between the oil market and financial initiatives was greater during the COVID-19 outbreak than during past global financial crises. There are important consequences for policymakers based on the findings of this research.
93 citations
90 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a review of the existing literature reveals that although researchers have, time and again, attempted to document failure in open innovation, this literature is comparatively sparse and fragmented.
Abstract: With the increasing need for firms to implement innovation in their pursuit of competitive advantage, open innovation has attracted the growing attention of academics and practitioners. However, the current literature has been lopsided, focussing predominantly on the myriad benefits of open innovation. We argue that eulogising only the positive aspects of open innovation is insufficient to help firms and motivate future research. Therefore, we recommend increased attention to the dark side of open innovation, which includes failures that can occur at various stages of the open innovation process. A review of the existing literature reveals that although researchers have, time and again, attempted to document failure in open innovation, this literature is comparatively sparse and fragmented. The extant literature also exhibits an apparent lack of effort to encourage future research, as evidenced by the absence of a comprehensive literature review. We aim to address this research gap by reviewing 76 studies identified by applying a stringent search protocol consistent with the systematic literature review (SLR) methodology. The contributions of this SLR include (a) development of a research profile of the relevant literature, (b) identification of five thematic areas, (c) elucidation of research gaps and suggestion of potential research questions as an agenda for future research on failures in open innovation, (d) formulation of a conceptual framework comprising the antecedents and outcomes of open innovation failure and (e) presentation of the various theoretical and managerial implications for scholars and practitioners.
32 citations
References
More filters
Book•
01 Oct 1984
TL;DR: In this article, buku ini mencakup lebih dari 50 studi kasus, memberikan perhatian untuk analisis kuantitatif, membahas lebah lengkap penggunaan desain metode campuran penelitian, and termasuk wawasan metodologi baru.
Abstract: Buku ini menyediakan sebuah portal lengkap untuk dunia penelitian studi kasus, buku ini menawarkan cakupan yang luas dari desain dan penggunaan metode studi kasus sebagai alat penelitian yang valid. Dalam buku ini mencakup lebih dari 50 studi kasus, memberikan perhatian untuk analisis kuantitatif, membahas lebih lengkap penggunaan desain metode campuran penelitian, dan termasuk wawasan metodologi baru.
78,012 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the link between firm resources and sustained competitive advantage and analyzed the potential of several firm resources for generating sustained competitive advantages, including value, rareness, imitability, and substitutability.
Abstract: Understanding sources of sustained competitive advantage has become a major area of research in strategic management. Building on the assumptions that strategic resources are heterogeneously distributed across firms and that these differences are stable over time, this article examines the link between firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Four empirical indicators of the potential of firm resources to generate sustained competitive advantage-value, rareness, imitability, and substitutability are discussed. The model is applied by analyzing the potential of several firm resources for generating sustained competitive advantages. The article concludes by examining implications of this firm resource model of sustained competitive advantage for other business disciplines.
46,648 citations
"The Open Innovation Paradox: Knowle..." refers background in this paper
...In the resource-based view, on the other hand, collaborations can be used to exploit resource complementarities (Barney, 1991; Das and Teng, 2000; Eisenhardt and Schoonhoven, 1996; Hitt et al., 2000; Lavie, 2006; Mowery et al., 1996)....
[...]
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors define a leadership event as a perceived segment of action whose meaning is created by the interactions of actors involved in producing it, and present a set of innovative methods for capturing and analyzing these contextually driven processes.
Abstract: �Traditional, hierarchical views of leadership are less and less useful given the complexities of our modern world. Leadership theory must transition to new perspectives that account for the complex adaptive needs of organizations. In this paper, we propose that leadership (as opposed to leaders) can be seen as a complex dynamic process that emerges in the interactive “spaces between” people and ideas. That is, leadership is a dynamic that transcends the capabilities of individuals alone; it is the product of interaction, tension, and exchange rules governing changes in perceptions and understanding. We label this a dynamic of adaptive leadership, and we show how this dynamic provides important insights about the nature of leadership and its outcomes in organizational fields. We define a leadership event as a perceived segment of action whose meaning is created by the interactions of actors involved in producing it, and we present a set of innovative methods for capturing and analyzing these contextually driven processes. We provide theoretical and practical implications of these ideas for organizational behavior and organization and management theory.
22,673 citations
"The Open Innovation Paradox: Knowle..." refers methods in this paper
...Below, it is described how the design of the case study establishes reliable and valid results (see e.g., Eisenhardt, 1989; Yin, 2003)....
[...]
...Using a qualitative case study method (Eisenhardt, 1989; Miles and Huberman, 1984; Yin, 2003), this paper derives findings from the cases through a process of inference and sense making (cf. Weick et al., 2005)....
[...]
...Given the inductive nature of the research, this study adopts a qualitative case study approach (Eisenhardt, 1989; Miles and Huberman, 1984; Yin, 2003)....
[...]
...Using a qualitative case study method (Eisenhardt, 1989; Miles and Huberman, 1984; Yin, 2003), this paper derives findings from the cases through a process of inference and sense making (cf....
[...]
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a paradigm for managing the dynamic aspects of organizational knowledge creating processes, arguing that organizational knowledge is created through a continuous dialogue between tacit and explicit knowledge.
Abstract: This paper proposes a paradigm for managing the dynamic aspects of organizational knowledge creating processes. Its central theme is that organizational knowledge is created through a continuous dialogue between tacit and explicit knowledge. The nature of this dialogue is examined and four patterns of interaction involving tacit and explicit knowledge are identified. It is argued that while new knowledge is developed by individuals, organizations play a critical role in articulating and amplifying that knowledge. A theoretical framework is developed which provides an analytical perspective on the constituent dimensions of knowledge creation. This framework is then applied in two operational models for facilitating the dynamic creation of appropriate organizational knowledge.
17,196 citations
"The Open Innovation Paradox: Knowle..." refers background in this paper
...collaboration is a means to benefit from complementarities among firms, and the characteristics of knowledge—the overwhelmingly important productive resource— should be taken into explicit account for its transfer, which highly depends on its tacitness (Grant, 1996, 2002; Nonaka, 1994; Nonaka and von Krogh, 2009)....
[...]
...…a means to benefit from complementarities among firms, and the characteristics of knowledge—the overwhelmingly important productive resource— should be taken into explicit account for its transfer, which highly depends on its tacitness (Grant, 1996, 2002; Nonaka, 1994; Nonaka and von Krogh, 2009)....
[...]
...The dynamic and personal nature of knowledge can furthermore give it a certain degree of tacitness (Nelson and Winter, 1982; Nonaka, 1994; Polanyi, 1958; Winter, 1987)....
[...]
...The characteristics of knowledge determine how knowledge can be shared and protected, also through the embodiment of the knowledge (most specifically related to tacitness) (Cowan and Foray, 1997; Nonaka, 1994)....
[...]
TL;DR: The Economic Institutions of Capitalism as mentioned in this paper is a seminal work in the field of economic institutions of capitalism. Journal of Economic Issues: Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 528-530.
Abstract: (1987). The Economic Institutions of Capitalism. Journal of Economic Issues: Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 528-530.
16,767 citations