The order of the quantum chromodynamics transition predicted by the standard model of particle physics
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...e continuum limit. (These ambiguities, related to setting the scale, are serious drawbacks of the analyses which can be found in the literature.) Since the QCD transition is a non-singular cross-over [1] there is no unique Tc. We illustrated this wellknown phenomenon on the water-vapor phase diagram. Different observables lead to different numerical Tc values even in the continuum and thermodynamic lim...
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...or the early universe (µis negligible there) and for present heavy ion collisions (at RHIC µ<∼40 MeV, which is far less than the typical hadronic scale). The transition is known to be a cross-over [1] (at least using staggered fermions, for a discussion about the fourth-root trick, which is usually applied see e.g. [2] and references therein). There are several results in the literature for Tc usi...
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...d the value of r0, which all show that we are in the a2 scaling regime and our choice of overall scale is unambiguous. ad d. The QCD transition at non-vanishing temperatures is an analytic cross-over [1]. Since there is no singular temperature dependence different definitions of the transition point lead to different values. The most famous example for this phenomenon is the water-vapor transition, for ...
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...defined as χψψ¯ = T V ∂2 ∂m2 ud logZ= − ∂2 ∂m2 ud f, (1) where f is the free energy density. Since both the bare quark mass and the free energy density contain divergences, χψψ¯ has to be renormalized [1]. The renormalized quark mass can be written as mR,ud = Zm· mud. If we apply a mass independent renormalization then we have m2 ud ∂2 ∂m2 ud = m2 R,ud ∂2 ∂m2 R,ud . (2) The free energy has additive, q...
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...inate all uncertainties related to an unphysical spectrum, we determined a new line of constant physics. The new LCP was defined by fixing mK/fK and mK/mπ to their experimental values (c.f. Figure 1 of [1]). In order to perform the necessary renormalizations of the measured quantities and to fix the scale in physical units we carried out T= 0 simulations on our new LCP (c.f. Table 1). Six different βvalu...
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...In this work we use the same action as in our earlier studies on the QCD transition’s order and characteristic temperatures [1, 15, 21, 22, 26]....
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...Lattice simulations indicate that the transition at vanishing chemical potential is merely an analytic crossover [1]....
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...f freedom are colourless bound states of hadrons (such as protons and pions). However, QCD is asymptotically free, meaning that at high energies or temperatures the interaction gets weaker and weaker [1; 2], causing hadrons to break up. This behaviour underlies the predicted cosmological transition between the low-temperature hadronic phase and a high-temperature quark–gluon plasma phase (for simplicity...
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...There are some QCD results and model calculations to determine the order of the transition at µ=0 and µ6=0 for different fermionic contents (compare refs [ 10 ; 11; 12; 13; 14; 15; 16; 17; 18; 19])....
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