Book•
The politics of Mexican development
01 Jan 1971-
About: The article was published on 1971-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 174 citations till now.
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01 Jan 2006TL;DR: The politics of vote-buying and the game of electoral transitions are discussed in this article, where the authors focus on the structural determinants of mass support and the electoral fraud.
Abstract: 1. Equilibrium party hegemony 2. Structural determinants of mass support 3. Budget cycles under autocracy 4. The politics of vote-buying 5. Judging economic performance in hard times 6. Ideological divisions in the opposition camp 7. How voters choose and mass coordination dilemmas 8. Electoral fraud and the game of electoral transitions 9. Conclusion.
1,227 citations
Book•
14 Mar 2002
TL;DR: Ghost in the Machine: Interventions in the Mexico-U.S. Immigration System as mentioned in this paper is an excellent survey of the history of Mexican immigration to the U.S., with a focus on the role of government intervention.
Abstract: Immigration is a hot and emotional topic at the current time. This excellent book contributes some reason and knowledge to the debate. The authors give clarity by presenting an historical context to Mexican immigration. They base their analysis and policy recommendations on a solid database, using data from the Mexican Migration Project. Yet, all this is done in a very readable style making the book accessible not only to academicians but also to policy makers and the general public. The empirical descriptions and analysis are based on data from the Mexican Migration Project (MMP), a large binational data set that has been collecting detailed information on documented and undocumented Mexicans since 1980. The authors argue that the one constant in U.S. border policy throughout the twentieth century is the hypocrisy of arranging to import Mexicans while pretending not to, seeking ways of “accepting Mexicans as workers while limiting their claims as human beings.” At the same time “the benefits of Mexico-U.S. migration have historically exceeded the costs for all concerned” (p. 105). The book is written like a repair manual, treating the immigration issue as a “complicated piece of socio-economic machinery” and argues that understanding it allows one to intervene appropriately to influence outcomes and improve results (p. 2). The introductory chapter is “Ghost in the Machine: Interventions in the Mexico-U.S. Immigration System,” followed by a chapter that gives a brief outline of immigration theory: “Principles of Operation.” The third chapter, “System Assembly” gives an overview of the history of Mexican immigration to the U.S. from the “Era of Enganche” from 1900 to 1929 when Mexicans were recruited; to the depression era of deportations and diminished inflow; to the Bracero era of 1942 to 1964. They call 1965 to 1985 the “Era of Undocumented Mexicans” in which the Border Patrol would catch some undocumented, giving an illusion of controlling the border, but simply return them to the Mexican side of the border where they could try again. The authors argue that this system worked as de facto guest worker program. Mexicans would come to work, send
1,131 citations
TL;DR: This article found that economic and financial globalization played a critical role in fostering the transition to neoliberal policies, but that local institutional conditions were decisive in shaping the nature and meaning of the shift.
Abstract: Since the 1970s, market‐based economic policies have been institutionalized as a nearly global policy paradigm. Using four national case studies, this article shows that economic and financial globalization played a critical role in fostering the transition to neoliberal policies, but that local institutional conditions were decisive in shaping the nature and meaning of the shift. While the analysis finds that developing countries appear more dependent upon direct external pressures than developed ones, it also shows that institutionalized patterns of state‐society relations determined the way in which neoliberal transitions were carried out, somewhat irrespectively of the level of economic development. In Chile and Britain, poorly mediated distributional conflict created the ideological conditions for a “monetarist” revolution. In Mexico and France, on the other hand, neoliberalism was understood mainly as a necessary step to adapt the country to the international economy.
658 citations
Cites background from "The politics of Mexican development..."
...The institutional “bias for growth” in French economic policy was also rooted in the political elites’ deep concern about the social and electoral consequences of high unemployment....
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...In a country where the Communist Party represented more than 20% of the electorate through the late 1960s, the uncontrolled explosion of worker militancy—as experienced during the strikes of 1947, and later 1968—served as a forceful reminder of the power of the working class....
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TL;DR: The first wave of Mexican emigration to the US lasted from 1900 to 1929 when the US economy was growing and the Mexican Revolution (1910-1919) devastated the Mexican economy.
Abstract: Economic development is associated with modernization urbanization internal rural-urban migration and international migration. Emigration is positively associated with development and aid to developing countries will increase emigration from those countries until the developing country reaches a standard of living equal to that of the developed country. Studies of European emigration to America have shown that emigration is correlated with the onset of industrialization and that emigration was highest when the home country was experiencing a depression and the US economy was in a period of upswing. The basis of society in an underdeveloped country is labor-intensive subsistence farming which provides work and sustenance to a household or community. As soon as capital is applied to agriculture the small peasant holdings are replaced by large private holdings efficiently farmed by machinery and producing surpluses that find their way to markets that is to urban areas which represent concentrations of wealth. The fabric of agricultural society is destabilized as the peasant owner becomes a hired laborer who migrates to the urban area when farms need fewer and factories more laborers. The 1st phase of migration is thus rural to urban. But development is discontinuous both in time and in space and when the displaced worker cannot find employment in the cities of his own country he emigrates to another. Transportation and communication facilities developed to facilitate industrial and commercial exchange also serve as carriers of international migration usually to the same country with which close economic links have already been established. International migration feeds on itself because earlier immigrants provide a network that makes resettlement easier cheaper and less risky for the next wave of migrants. Moreover the emigrants send money back to the home country which helps to speed up the development process in the home country until modernization and urbanization reach the point where there are no more displaced peasants to export. The experience of the United States and Mexico illustrates most phases of the emigration cycle. The 1st wave of Mexican emigration to the US lasted from 1900 to 1929 when the US economy was growing and the Mexican Revolution (1910-1919) devastated the Mexican economy. In the 1930s Mexico experienced a period of rapid growth. The 2nd wave of emigration 1942-1964 stemmed from the coincidence of drought in Mexico and wartime labor shortage in the US which was remedied by the bracero program which granted temporary visas to Mexican agricultural workers. The 3rd and current wave of emigration began in the mid-1960s. It was fueled by the Mexican governments ambitious economic reform program which was to be paid for out of oil revenues. When oil prices fell the Mexican economy suffered a crisis of inflation and debt. However the development process in Mexico is reaching the stage where there are no longer large numbers of surplus agricultural workers and Mexican emigration should diminish over the next 2 decades.
515 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1979
TL;DR: The most important attempt to explain the rise of authoritarian regimes and their relationship to problems of economic development has been the "bureaucratic-authoritarian model" as mentioned in this paper, and there has been growing dissatisfaction with various elements of this model.
Abstract: While one of the most important attempts to explain the rise of authoritarian regimes and their relationship to problems of economic development has been the "bureaucratic-authoritarian model," there has been growing dissatisfaction with various elements of this model In light of this dissatisfaction, a group of leading economists, political scientists, and sociologists was brought together to assess the adequacy; of the model and suggest directions for its reformulation This volume is the product of their discussions over a period of three years and represents an important advance in the critique and refinement of ideas about political development Part One provides an overview of the issues of social science analysis raised by the recent emergence of authoritarianism in Latin America and contains chapters by David Collier and Fernando Henrique Cardoso The chapters in Part Two address the problem of explaining the rise of bureaucratic authoritarianism and are written by Albert Hirschman, Jose Serra, Robert Kaufman, and Julio Coder In Part Three Guillermo O'Donnell, James Kurth, and David Collier discuss the likely future patterns of change in bureaucratic authoritarianism, opportunities for extending the analysis to Europe, and priorities for future research The book includes a glossary and an extensive bibliography
457 citations