The Politics of Recognition
01 Jan 2015-pp 18-40
TL;DR: The authors argue that feelings of self-worth, self-respect, and self-esteem are possible only if we are positively recognized for who we are, and that recognition is an integral component of a satisfactory modern theory of justice, as well as the means by which both historical and contemporary political struggles can be understood and justified.
Abstract: In recent decades, struggles for recognition have increasingly dominated the political landscape.1 Recognition theorists such as Charles Taylor (1994) and Axel Honneth (1995) seek to interpret and justify these struggles through the idea that our identity is shaped, at least partly, by our relations with other people. Because our identity is shaped in this way, it is alleged that feelings of self-worth, self-respect and self-esteem are possible only if we are positively recognised for who we are. Consequently, for many political theorists, recognition is an integral component of a satisfactory modern theory of justice, as well as the means by which both historical and contemporary political struggles can be understood and justified.
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01 Jan 2018
TL;DR: Gorikhovsky et al. as discussed by the authors proposed a new solution for the actual scientifically-engineered task of problem concerning strategic management of competitiveness of farms, which will help strengthen the competitive position of the farms in the region with regard to direct and potential competitors.
Abstract: Gorikhovsky M.V. Strategic management of the farms competitiveness. Мanuscript. The dissertation for the degree of candidate of economic sciences, specialty 08.00.04 «Economics and management of the enterprises (according to the types of economic activity)». – State agrarian and engineering university in Podilya, Kamenets-Podolskyi, 2018. In the dissertation theoretical generalizations were made and the new solution for the actual scientifically-engineered task of problem concerning strategic management of competitiveness of farms is proposed. Solving this task will help strengthen the competitive position of the farms in the region with regard to direct and potential competitors. The obtained scientific results give grounds for the following conclusions. Taking into account the peculiarities of the development of the agrarian sector of the economy and the strengthening of the competitiveness of agro holdings, the existence of many obstacles and problems in the development of farms (unsatisfactory technical and technological support, under-priced sales of own products, complications in marketing and product sales, constant seasonal inflation processes, inaccessible credit resources and state subsidies , which led to a decrease in their competitiveness), the question arises of the strategic management of their competitiveness. In this context, the term "strategic management of farming" is considered by the author as "a set of knowledge, skills and abilities of farmers in the adoption and implementation of strategic decisions that are developed under conditions of uncertainty and instability of the external environment, usually using only their own labor, production and financial resources" . At the same time, operational management, strategic planning and farmer policy are considered as components of strategic management, and not their derivatives. On the basis of the generalization of existing methodological approaches to the assessment of the competitiveness of farms found that most of them are oriented to indicators of their resource availability, resourcefulness, resource efficiency, profitability. In this context, the methodical foundations for assessing the competitiveness of farms are improved on the basis of systematization and supplementation of existing Foresight Forecasting and Data Mining Classifications, the use of a generalized EBITDA, which includes a multicriteria dimension of the functional components of a farm, which enables the analysis and forecasting of key competitive advantages and secondary characteristics , which in their totality have a significant influence on solving problems of strategic management of competitiveness of farms. The methodology for researching strategic management of the competitiveness of farms involves the formation of general principles, management methods, specific requirements that are put forward in the management system of different types of farms. On this basis, scientific approaches to the classification of farms have been improved, taking into account the size of the land bank, the level of agricultural cooperation, the level of specialization, the level of product marketability, the form of creation, ownership, formation, division of labor, the provision of means of production, which increases the level of validity of management decisions defined alternative directions of strategic development of farms and types of their behavior in the market. Based on the methodology proposed in the dissertation on the assessment of the state of strategic management of the competitiveness of farms through the integrated indicator of EBITDA, which takes into account the parameters of profitability, land security, reproduction of fixed assets, financial obligations, the directions of their strategic development were substantiated. The study of the dynamics of the EBITDA indicator in the investigated farms of the Khmelnitsky region has made it possible to establish that the main reason for the growth of the analyzed indicator at the present stage of their development are intensive growth factors such as crop yields, fundraising, profit, cost savings. The effectiveness of using the potential of land resources of farms has been researched in the context of dynamic agricultural development and it has been established that the efficiency of farming in these farms depends to a large extent on the size of the land bank, but also on the rational use of land, fertilizers, capital and labor resources. Practical use of methodological provisions for assessing the level of competitiveness of farms on the basis of adapted SWOT analysis methods, Modern portfolio theory (BGM matrices) of the investigated farms in the aggregate allowed to determine the key problems and directions of strategic development of farms, aimed at increasing their competitiveness in the external environment. The key role in external regulation of the process of forming the competitiveness of farms must be played by an institutional environment whose elements are intended to reduce farmers' informal lack of knowledge and transaction costs by creating adapted business plans and behavioral models for farms. Strategic analysis based on the systematic approach of studying the interconnections of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of farm development taking into account restrictive factors of competitiveness, which include insufficient demand for products, weather conditions, labor shortages, limited access to materials and equipment, financial constraints and level of managerial competence , allowed to formulate goals that together allow to solve key problems and to identify reserves for improving the efficiency of the economy the activities of farms in accordance with the state of their internal and external environment. Application of the AGMEMOD model enabled Ukraine to forecast the development of farms in the context of sustainable development of rural areas, namely: yield, gross crop and sown area of main crops, EBITDA, changes in demographic indicators and GDP of the Khmelnitsky region in a basic and optimistic variant of the forecast, the results of which gave the opportunity to substantiate competitive strategies, the implementation of which will ensure an increase in volumes of sales, profits, market share and penetration to new market segment and more. The proposed conceptual approach to strategic farm management competitiveness is a set of interconnected forms, methods and values that contribute to satisfying the needs of increasing the competitiveness of farms, on the basis of which a power strategy for the development of farms is carried out and the identification of potential opportunities for its implementation. The dissertation defines the components of ensuring the implementation and development of advanced technologies for the development of farms, which include: technical and technological (skills of working with statistical data and other information, introduction of the latest innovative strategies and concepts, application in the production of high technology and innovative technologies, etc.), legally -scientific (understanding of the legislative framework of Ukraine, knowledge of laws and possible legislative changes, study of foreign experience in the construction and implementation of a strategist ) and (knowing the potential for regional development, local needs awareness, communication and farmers government, solidarity and responsibility for the community, administrative skills, management style, competence). It is proved that in order to increase the competitiveness of farms, it is expedient to create agro-industrial associations whose activities are carried out on the basis of a non-profit partnership, which will promote the attraction of additional resources, optimization of processes of sale and processing of products, the formation of its own budget, etc. The proposed approach is based on the phased implementation of alternative strategies for individual groups of farms and the development of possible variants of their development based on a reasonable structural and logical scheme for their creation and functioning.
462 citations
Additional excerpts
...В лекції про «Основні свободи та їх пріоритет» [159, 279-350] Ролз не лише говорить про те, що саме свобода є «початковою метою справедливості як чесності» [159, 280-283], а й наголошує на особливому статусі основних свобод та їх пріоритеті....
[...]
TL;DR: The root cause analysis of vulnerability is absent from most climate response assessments as mentioned in this paper, while attributing some causal weight to proximate social variables, such as poverty or lack of capacity.
Abstract: Causal analysis of vulnerability aims to identify root causes of crises so that transformative solutions might be found. Yet root-cause analysis is absent from most climate response assessments. Framings for climate-change risk analysis often locate causality in hazards while attributing some causal weight to proximate social variables such as poverty or lack of capacity. They rarely ask why capacity is lacking, assets are inadequate or social protections are absent or fail. This contribution frames vulnerability and security as matters of access to assets and social protections. Assets and social protections each have their own context-contingent causal chains. A key recursive element in those causal chains is the ability – means and powers – of vulnerable people to influence the political economy that shapes their assets and social protections. Vulnerability is, as Sen rightly observed, linked to the lack of freedom – the freedom to influence the political economy that shapes these entitlements. In the ...
387 citations
Cites background from "The Politics of Recognition"
...Butler goes on to note that it is impossible to distinguish whether the ‘regard’ leads to the ‘material reality’ or it is the material differences that shape ill regard (cf. Taylor 1994, Fraser 2000, and Kymlicka, 2002 on directionality in effects of recognition and redistribution)....
[...]
TL;DR: In this article, the authors define "demoicracy" as "a Union of peoples, understood both as states and as citizens, who govern together but not as one" and argue that the concept is best understood as a third way, distinct from both national and supranational versions of single demos polities.
Abstract: This article offers an overview and reconsideration of the idea of European demoicracy in the context of the current crisis. It defines ‘demoicracy’ as ‘a Union of peoples, understood both as states and as citizens, who govern together but not as one’, and argues that the concept is best understood as a third way, distinct from both national and supranational versions of single demos polities. The concept of ‘demoicracy’can serve both as an analytical lens for the European Union-as-is and as a normative benchmark, but one which cannot simply be inferred from its praxis. Instead, the article deploys a ‘normative-inductive’ approach according to which the EU’s normative core ‐ transnational non-domination and transnational mutual recognition ‐ is grounded on what the EU still seeks to escape. Such norms need to be protected and perfected if the EU is to live up to its demoicratic nature. The article suggests ten tentative guiding principles for the EU to continue turning these norms into practice.
241 citations
Cites background from "The Politics of Recognition"
...A history, in turn, characterized by complex connections between struggles for recognition within sovereign boundaries and diplomatic mutual recognition between states as the latter served to avoid inquiring into the former (Honneth, 1996; Taylor, 1994)....
[...]
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that political authority is (re-)produced through the process of successfully defining and enforcing rights to community membership and rights of access to important resources, and that the ability to define who belongs and who does not, and to establish and uphold rank, privilege and social servitude in its many forms, is constitutive of state power.
Abstract: Treating the ‘state’ as a finished product gets in the way of understanding it. The state is always in the making. This article, which acts as the Introduction to a special issue, argues that political authority is (re-)produced through the process of successfully defining and enforcing rights to community membership and rights of access to important resources. Claims to rights prompt the exercise of authority. Struggles over property and citizenship are therefore as much about the scope and constitution of political authority as they are about access to resources and membership of a political community. The ability to entitle and disenfranchise people with regard to property, and to establish the conditions under which they hold property — together with the ability to define who belongs and who does not, and to establish and uphold rank, privilege and social servitude in its many forms — is constitutive of state power. Thus this essay argues that various moments of rupture (following periods of conflict, of colonial domination, of socialist, liberal, or authoritarian regimes, et cetera) allow us to see that rights do not simply flow from authority but also constitute it. Authority and rights are conceptually tied together by recognition. This article demonstrates how contracts of recognition unfold. It proposes an approach to the systematic investigation of the constitution of authority through the social production of property and citizenship as the recognition of claims to resources and membership. It thereby develops a way to study concrete dynamics of authority or state formation.
195 citations
Cites background from "The Politics of Recognition"
...A broad Hegelian tradition takes recognition as a fundamental human expression of acknowledgement of the ‘other’ (Fraser, 2001; Taylor, 1989, 1994)....
[...]
TL;DR: This paper proposed a research agenda for the sociology of recognition and destigmatization, and sketched how social scientists, policymakers, organizations, and citizens can contribute to this research agenda, including institutions, cultural repertoires, knowledge workers, and social movement activists.
Abstract: This Presidential Address offers elements for a systematic and cumulative study of destigmatization, or the process by which low-status groups gain recognition and worth. Contemporary sociologists tend to focus on inequality in the distribution of resources, such as occupations, education, and wealth. Complementing this research, this address draws attention to “recognition gaps,” defined as disparities in worth and cultural membership between groups in a society. I first describe how neoliberalism promotes growing recognition gaps. Then, drawing on research on stigmatized groups across several societies, I analyze how experiences of stigma and destigmatization are enabled and constrained by various contextual factors and actors, including institutions, cultural repertoires, knowledge workers, and social movement activists. I conclude by proposing a research agenda for the sociology of recognition and destigmatization, and by sketching how social scientists, policymakers, organizations, and citizens can c...
175 citations
References
More filters
Book•
01 Jan 2018
TL;DR: Gorikhovsky et al. as discussed by the authors proposed a new solution for the actual scientifically-engineered task of problem concerning strategic management of competitiveness of farms, which will help strengthen the competitive position of the farms in the region with regard to direct and potential competitors.
Abstract: Gorikhovsky M.V. Strategic management of the farms competitiveness. Мanuscript. The dissertation for the degree of candidate of economic sciences, specialty 08.00.04 «Economics and management of the enterprises (according to the types of economic activity)». – State agrarian and engineering university in Podilya, Kamenets-Podolskyi, 2018. In the dissertation theoretical generalizations were made and the new solution for the actual scientifically-engineered task of problem concerning strategic management of competitiveness of farms is proposed. Solving this task will help strengthen the competitive position of the farms in the region with regard to direct and potential competitors. The obtained scientific results give grounds for the following conclusions. Taking into account the peculiarities of the development of the agrarian sector of the economy and the strengthening of the competitiveness of agro holdings, the existence of many obstacles and problems in the development of farms (unsatisfactory technical and technological support, under-priced sales of own products, complications in marketing and product sales, constant seasonal inflation processes, inaccessible credit resources and state subsidies , which led to a decrease in their competitiveness), the question arises of the strategic management of their competitiveness. In this context, the term "strategic management of farming" is considered by the author as "a set of knowledge, skills and abilities of farmers in the adoption and implementation of strategic decisions that are developed under conditions of uncertainty and instability of the external environment, usually using only their own labor, production and financial resources" . At the same time, operational management, strategic planning and farmer policy are considered as components of strategic management, and not their derivatives. On the basis of the generalization of existing methodological approaches to the assessment of the competitiveness of farms found that most of them are oriented to indicators of their resource availability, resourcefulness, resource efficiency, profitability. In this context, the methodical foundations for assessing the competitiveness of farms are improved on the basis of systematization and supplementation of existing Foresight Forecasting and Data Mining Classifications, the use of a generalized EBITDA, which includes a multicriteria dimension of the functional components of a farm, which enables the analysis and forecasting of key competitive advantages and secondary characteristics , which in their totality have a significant influence on solving problems of strategic management of competitiveness of farms. The methodology for researching strategic management of the competitiveness of farms involves the formation of general principles, management methods, specific requirements that are put forward in the management system of different types of farms. On this basis, scientific approaches to the classification of farms have been improved, taking into account the size of the land bank, the level of agricultural cooperation, the level of specialization, the level of product marketability, the form of creation, ownership, formation, division of labor, the provision of means of production, which increases the level of validity of management decisions defined alternative directions of strategic development of farms and types of their behavior in the market. Based on the methodology proposed in the dissertation on the assessment of the state of strategic management of the competitiveness of farms through the integrated indicator of EBITDA, which takes into account the parameters of profitability, land security, reproduction of fixed assets, financial obligations, the directions of their strategic development were substantiated. The study of the dynamics of the EBITDA indicator in the investigated farms of the Khmelnitsky region has made it possible to establish that the main reason for the growth of the analyzed indicator at the present stage of their development are intensive growth factors such as crop yields, fundraising, profit, cost savings. The effectiveness of using the potential of land resources of farms has been researched in the context of dynamic agricultural development and it has been established that the efficiency of farming in these farms depends to a large extent on the size of the land bank, but also on the rational use of land, fertilizers, capital and labor resources. Practical use of methodological provisions for assessing the level of competitiveness of farms on the basis of adapted SWOT analysis methods, Modern portfolio theory (BGM matrices) of the investigated farms in the aggregate allowed to determine the key problems and directions of strategic development of farms, aimed at increasing their competitiveness in the external environment. The key role in external regulation of the process of forming the competitiveness of farms must be played by an institutional environment whose elements are intended to reduce farmers' informal lack of knowledge and transaction costs by creating adapted business plans and behavioral models for farms. Strategic analysis based on the systematic approach of studying the interconnections of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of farm development taking into account restrictive factors of competitiveness, which include insufficient demand for products, weather conditions, labor shortages, limited access to materials and equipment, financial constraints and level of managerial competence , allowed to formulate goals that together allow to solve key problems and to identify reserves for improving the efficiency of the economy the activities of farms in accordance with the state of their internal and external environment. Application of the AGMEMOD model enabled Ukraine to forecast the development of farms in the context of sustainable development of rural areas, namely: yield, gross crop and sown area of main crops, EBITDA, changes in demographic indicators and GDP of the Khmelnitsky region in a basic and optimistic variant of the forecast, the results of which gave the opportunity to substantiate competitive strategies, the implementation of which will ensure an increase in volumes of sales, profits, market share and penetration to new market segment and more. The proposed conceptual approach to strategic farm management competitiveness is a set of interconnected forms, methods and values that contribute to satisfying the needs of increasing the competitiveness of farms, on the basis of which a power strategy for the development of farms is carried out and the identification of potential opportunities for its implementation. The dissertation defines the components of ensuring the implementation and development of advanced technologies for the development of farms, which include: technical and technological (skills of working with statistical data and other information, introduction of the latest innovative strategies and concepts, application in the production of high technology and innovative technologies, etc.), legally -scientific (understanding of the legislative framework of Ukraine, knowledge of laws and possible legislative changes, study of foreign experience in the construction and implementation of a strategist ) and (knowing the potential for regional development, local needs awareness, communication and farmers government, solidarity and responsibility for the community, administrative skills, management style, competence). It is proved that in order to increase the competitiveness of farms, it is expedient to create agro-industrial associations whose activities are carried out on the basis of a non-profit partnership, which will promote the attraction of additional resources, optimization of processes of sale and processing of products, the formation of its own budget, etc. The proposed approach is based on the phased implementation of alternative strategies for individual groups of farms and the development of possible variants of their development based on a reasonable structural and logical scheme for their creation and functioning.
462 citations
TL;DR: The root cause analysis of vulnerability is absent from most climate response assessments as mentioned in this paper, while attributing some causal weight to proximate social variables, such as poverty or lack of capacity.
Abstract: Causal analysis of vulnerability aims to identify root causes of crises so that transformative solutions might be found. Yet root-cause analysis is absent from most climate response assessments. Framings for climate-change risk analysis often locate causality in hazards while attributing some causal weight to proximate social variables such as poverty or lack of capacity. They rarely ask why capacity is lacking, assets are inadequate or social protections are absent or fail. This contribution frames vulnerability and security as matters of access to assets and social protections. Assets and social protections each have their own context-contingent causal chains. A key recursive element in those causal chains is the ability – means and powers – of vulnerable people to influence the political economy that shapes their assets and social protections. Vulnerability is, as Sen rightly observed, linked to the lack of freedom – the freedom to influence the political economy that shapes these entitlements. In the ...
387 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors define "demoicracy" as "a Union of peoples, understood both as states and as citizens, who govern together but not as one" and argue that the concept is best understood as a third way, distinct from both national and supranational versions of single demos polities.
Abstract: This article offers an overview and reconsideration of the idea of European demoicracy in the context of the current crisis. It defines ‘demoicracy’ as ‘a Union of peoples, understood both as states and as citizens, who govern together but not as one’, and argues that the concept is best understood as a third way, distinct from both national and supranational versions of single demos polities. The concept of ‘demoicracy’can serve both as an analytical lens for the European Union-as-is and as a normative benchmark, but one which cannot simply be inferred from its praxis. Instead, the article deploys a ‘normative-inductive’ approach according to which the EU’s normative core ‐ transnational non-domination and transnational mutual recognition ‐ is grounded on what the EU still seeks to escape. Such norms need to be protected and perfected if the EU is to live up to its demoicratic nature. The article suggests ten tentative guiding principles for the EU to continue turning these norms into practice.
241 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that political authority is (re-)produced through the process of successfully defining and enforcing rights to community membership and rights of access to important resources, and that the ability to define who belongs and who does not, and to establish and uphold rank, privilege and social servitude in its many forms, is constitutive of state power.
Abstract: Treating the ‘state’ as a finished product gets in the way of understanding it. The state is always in the making. This article, which acts as the Introduction to a special issue, argues that political authority is (re-)produced through the process of successfully defining and enforcing rights to community membership and rights of access to important resources. Claims to rights prompt the exercise of authority. Struggles over property and citizenship are therefore as much about the scope and constitution of political authority as they are about access to resources and membership of a political community. The ability to entitle and disenfranchise people with regard to property, and to establish the conditions under which they hold property — together with the ability to define who belongs and who does not, and to establish and uphold rank, privilege and social servitude in its many forms — is constitutive of state power. Thus this essay argues that various moments of rupture (following periods of conflict, of colonial domination, of socialist, liberal, or authoritarian regimes, et cetera) allow us to see that rights do not simply flow from authority but also constitute it. Authority and rights are conceptually tied together by recognition. This article demonstrates how contracts of recognition unfold. It proposes an approach to the systematic investigation of the constitution of authority through the social production of property and citizenship as the recognition of claims to resources and membership. It thereby develops a way to study concrete dynamics of authority or state formation.
195 citations
TL;DR: This paper proposed a research agenda for the sociology of recognition and destigmatization, and sketched how social scientists, policymakers, organizations, and citizens can contribute to this research agenda, including institutions, cultural repertoires, knowledge workers, and social movement activists.
Abstract: This Presidential Address offers elements for a systematic and cumulative study of destigmatization, or the process by which low-status groups gain recognition and worth. Contemporary sociologists tend to focus on inequality in the distribution of resources, such as occupations, education, and wealth. Complementing this research, this address draws attention to “recognition gaps,” defined as disparities in worth and cultural membership between groups in a society. I first describe how neoliberalism promotes growing recognition gaps. Then, drawing on research on stigmatized groups across several societies, I analyze how experiences of stigma and destigmatization are enabled and constrained by various contextual factors and actors, including institutions, cultural repertoires, knowledge workers, and social movement activists. I conclude by proposing a research agenda for the sociology of recognition and destigmatization, and by sketching how social scientists, policymakers, organizations, and citizens can c...
175 citations