The Preventable Causes of Death in the United States: Comparative Risk Assessment of Dietary, Lifestyle, and Metabolic Risk Factors
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...The diets that had higher levels of protein and unsaturated fat also lowered triglyceride levels by 16 and 9 mg/dL, respectively.(77) The DASH-type diet higher in unsaturated fat also improved glucose-insulin homeostasis compared with the low-fat/high-carbohydrate DASH diet....
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...This association and the PAR for CHD was stronger in Western than in Asian populations.(77)Two randomized controlled trials have reported that pharmacological treatment of hypertension is associated with a lower incidence of hypertension....
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...Two other recent large studies failed to demonstrate a cost benefit for bariatric surgery versus matched patients over 6 years of follow-up.(77,78) However, another study showed cost savings for bariatric surgery among patients with DM at baseline....
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"The Preventable Causes of Death in ..." refers background in this paper
...Mortality Effects of Risk Factors by Sex and Age High blood pressure was the leading cause of death in women (231,000 deaths [95% CI 213,000–249,000], 19% of all female deaths), whereas smoking remains the leading cause of death in men (248,000 deaths [226,000–269,000], 21% of all male deaths)....
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..., Western and Asian populations [7,20,21]....
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"The Preventable Causes of Death in ..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Notes: We used RRs for blood pressure, LDL cholesterol, and FPG that were adjusted for regression dilution bias using studies that had repeated exposure measurement [7,11,12]; for blood pressure and LDL cholesterol, the adjusted magnitude is supported by effect sizes from randomized studies [13,14]....
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...Other cardiovascular diseases PSC [11] Per 20 mmHg increase 30–44 — 2....
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...We used RRs for blood pressure, LDL cholesterol, and FPG that were adjusted for regression dilution bias using studies that had repeated exposure measurement [7,11,12]; for blood pressure and LDL cholesterol, the adjusted magnitude is supported by effect sizes from randomized studies [13,14]....
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...High blood pressure IHD PSC [11] Per 20 mmHg increase 30–44 — 2....
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...49 Hypertensive disease PSC [11] Per 20 mmHg increase 30–44 — 4....
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