The propagation of electromagnetic energy through an absorbing dielectric
TL;DR: In this paper, the theory of energy propagation through an absorbing classical dielectric having a single resonant frequency is presented, and simple expressions are derived for the velocity of energy transport associated with an electromagnetic wave, and for the finite energy relaxation time caused by the damping mechanism.
Abstract: The energy associated with an electromagnetic wave passing through a dielectric resides partly in the electromagnetic field and partly in the accompanying excitation of the dielectric. The theory of energy propagation through an absorbing classical dielectric having a single resonant frequency is presented in this paper. Simple expressions are derived for the velocity of energy transport associated with an electromagnetic wave, and for the finite energy relaxation time caused by the damping mechanism. The variations of these quantities, and of the absorption coefficient, with the relative values of the damping constant and dipole moment of the classical oscillator are investigated. This information is used to throw light on the basic mechanism of irreversible dissipation of energy by an electromagnetic wave in a dielectric. The similarities between the calculations of the dielectric constant by classical dispersion theory and by quantum mechanics are discussed.
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15 May 2007
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the role of surface plasmon polaritons at metal/insulator interfaces and their application in the propagation of surfaceplasmon waveguides.
Abstract: Fundamentals of Plasmonics.- Electromagnetics of Metals.- Surface Plasmon Polaritons at Metal / Insulator Interfaces.- Excitation of Surface Plasmon Polaritons at Planar Interfaces.- Imaging Surface Plasmon Polariton Propagation.- Localized Surface Plasmons.- Electromagnetic Surface Modes at Low Frequencies.- Applications.- Plasmon Waveguides.- Transmission of Radiation Through Apertures and Films.- Enhancement of Emissive Processes and Nonlinearities.- Spectroscopy and Sensing.- Metamaterials and Imaging with Surface Plasmon Polaritons.- Concluding Remarks.
7,238 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the optical properties of ideal semiconductor crystallites so small that they show quantum confinement in all three dimensions [quantum dots (QD's)] were analyzed theoretically, and the phonon broadening of these lines was considered.
Abstract: We analyze theoretically the optical properties of ideal semiconductor crystallites so small that they show quantum confinement in all three dimensions [quantum dots (QD's)]. In the limit of a QD much smaller than the bulk exciton size, the linear spectrum will be a series of lines, and we consider the phonon broadening of these lines. The lowest interband transition will saturate like a two-level system, without exchange and Coulomb screening. Depending on the broadening, the absorption and the changes in absorption and refractive index resulting from saturation can become very large, and the local-field effects can become so strong as to give optical bistability without external feedback. The small QD limit is more readily achieved with narrow-band-gap semiconductors.
843 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors theoretically and numerically study the absorption effect and the heat generation in plasmonic metamaterials under light radiation at their plasmoric resonance.
Abstract: We theoretically and numerically study the absorption effect and the heat generation in plasmonic metamaterials under light radiation at their plasmonic resonance. Three different types of structures, all possessing high-performance absorption for visible lights, are investigated. The main aim of this work is to present an intuitive and original understanding of the high-performance absorption effects. From the macroscopic electromagnetic point of view, the effective-medium approach is used to describe the absorption effects of the plasmonic metamaterials. On the other hand, the field distributions and heat generation effects in such plasmonic nanostructures are investigated, which also provides a satisfactory qualitative description of such absorption behavior based upon the microscopic perspective.
464 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new approach towards resonant interaction between classical light and matter is presented, where the interaction between light and material is considered from three different points of view: the light picture where the material degrees of freedom have been integrated out, and leaving one with scattering theory, the matter picture (where the radiative degree of freedom has been eliminated and providing one essentially with atomic physics).
461 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed discussion of the properties of bulk polaritons in an isotropic dielectric, with a single infrared active optical phonon is given, and the phonon and photon strength functions, which provide a useful means of characterizing the polariton are introduced.
Abstract: A detailed discussion of the properties of bulk polaritons in an isotropic dielectric, with a single infrared active optical phonon is given. The phonon and photon strength functions, which provide a useful means of characterizing the polariton are introduced, and polaritons examined in magnetic crystals, anisotropic dielectrics, materials in which spatial dispersion effects and absorption are important. Experimental methods of studying polaritons are reviewed, with emphasis on Raman scattering, non-linear interactions between polaritons and recent experimental studies of non-linear optical phenomena where polaritons in the intermediate state play an important role. The properties of surface polaritons at the interfaces of the isotropic dielectric, anisotropic dielectrics and magnetic media, and experimental methods for the study of surface polaritons are also discussed. The paper concludes with the comparison between the properties of coupled magnon-phonon modes in magnetic crystals and polaritons.
416 citations
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01 Jan 1954
TL;DR: Born and Huang's classic work on the dynamics of crystal lattices was published over thirty years ago, and it remains the definitive treatment of the subject as mentioned in this paper. But it is not the most complete work on crystal lattice dynamics.
Abstract: Although Born and Huang's classic work on the dynamics of crystal lattices was published over thirty years ago, the book remains the definitive treatment of the subject. It begins with a brief introduction to atomic forces, lattice vibrations and elasticity, and then breaks off into four sections. The first section deals with the general statistical mechanics of ideal lattices, leading to the electric polarizability and to the scattering of light. The second section deals with the properties of long lattice waves, the third with thermal properties, and the fourth with optical properties.
7,756 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a general type of fluctuation-dissipation theorem is discussed to show that the physical quantities such as complex susceptibility of magnetic or electric polarization and complex conductivity for electric conduction are rigorously expressed in terms of timefluctuation of dynamical variables associated with such irreversible processes.
Abstract: A general type of fluctuation-dissipation theorem is discussed to show that the physical quantities such as complex susceptibility of magnetic or electric polarization and complex conductivity for electric conduction are rigorously expressed in terms of time-fluctuation of dynamical variables associated with such irreversible processes. This is a generalization of statistical mechanics which affords exact formulation as the basis of calculation of such irreversible quantities from atomistic theory. The general formalism of this statistical-mechanical theory is examined in detail. The response, relaxation, and correlation functions are defined in quantummechanical way and their relations are investigated. The formalism is illustrated by simple examples of magnetic and conduction problems. Certain sum rules are discussed for these examples. Finally it is pointed out that this theory may be looked as a generalization of the Einstein relation.
7,090 citations
761 citations