Journal Article•
The Relationship among Organic Matter Content and Soil Microbial Biomass and Soil Enzyme Activities
TL;DR: In this article, the relationship among organic matter content and soil microbial biomass C or N and soil enzymes activities were investigated for farmland black soil of long-term specific-site experiment about space removal of 5 kinds of soils with different organic matter contents.
Abstract: The relationship among organic matter content and soil microbial biomass C or N and soil enzymes activities were investigated for farmland black soil of long-term specific-site experiment about space removal of 5 kinds of soils with different organic matter contents. The results showed that soil microbial biomass C and N increased with the adding of soil organic matter content and significantly differed in the soil of Bean with the highest organic matter content and those of other 4 soils with different organic matter. Soil microbial biomass C and N were the highest at jointing stage and the lowest for gain-filling stage in the growth stages of maize. Soil invertase and catalase activities enhanced with the increasing of soil organic matter content, and there were no obvious differences for different soils. In the growth stages of maize, the changes of 2 soil enzymes patterned as: higher at jointing stage, falling to the lowest at grain-filling stage and turning to the highest at harvest stage.
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Cites background from "The Relationship among Organic Matt..."
...Soil microbial biomass is important for many biological processes and is closely related to soil enzyme activities (Sui et al., 2009)....
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TL;DR: The results indicate that the degradation of quinestrol follows first-order kinetics in both soil and water, with a dissipation half-life of approximately 16.0 days in local soil and a relatively short time in water.
Abstract: Quinestrol has shown potential for use in the fertility control of the plateau pika population of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. However, the environmental safety and fate of this compound are still obscure. Our study investigated degradation of quinestrol in a local soil and aquatic system for the first time. The results indicate that the degradation of quinestrol follows first-order kinetics in both soil and water, with a dissipation half-life of approximately 16.0 days in local soil. Microbial activity heavily influenced the degradation of quinestrol, with 41.2% removal in non-sterile soil comparing to 4.8% removal in sterile soil after incubation of 10 days. The half-lives in neutral water (pH 7.4) were 0.75 h when exposed to UV light (λ = 365 nm) whereas they became 2.63 h when exposed to visible light (λ > 400 nm). Acidic conditions facilitated quinestrol degradation in water with shorter half-lives of 1.04 and 1.47 h in pH 4.0 and pH 5.0 solutions, respectively. Moreover, both the soil and water treatment systems efficiently eliminated the estrogenic activity of quinestrol. Results presented herein clarify the complete degradation of quinestrol in a relatively short time. The ecological and environmental safety of this compound needs further investigation.
18 citations
Cites background from "The Relationship among Organic Matt..."
...As previously reported, soil microbial biomass C and N increased with the addition of soil organic matter content (Sui et al. 2009)....
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01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this article, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to simplify the structure of database by replacing multi-dimensional parameters with relatively less comprehensive variables in order to ensure the minimum lost in ini- tial data.
Abstract: Principal Component Analysis ( PCA ) can simplify the structure of database by replacing multi- dimensional parameters with relatively less comprehensive variables in order to ensure the minimum lost in ini- tial data. In this paper , eighteen black soil samples from different sites were tested and thirteen distinctive in- dexes were chosen to evaluate the degeneration of black soil. By using principal component analysis , variables of thirteen dimensions can be diminished to six unrelated principal indexes. Analysis shows that the soluble salt content , Fulvic acids ( FA ) and aggregation degree have a high weighing coefficient , indicating these three in- dexes are the major parts for the evaluation of black soil degradation. It also provides a new path to the degener- ated black soil treatment in Northeast China.
4 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors studied the dynamics of such soil microbial biomass patterns on the background of 9 years of tillage and 22 years of abandoned (Ab) and fallow (F) usage.
Abstract: Tillage has been reported to induce seasonal changes of organic carbon (Сmicro) and nitrogen (Nmicro) in biomass of microorganisms. Soil microorganisms execute such ecosystem functions as: it is an immediate sink of labile biophil elements; it is an agent of a conversion, catalysis and synthesis of humus substances; it transforms soil contaminants into non-hazardous wastes; it participates in soil aggregation and pedogenesis as a whole. However, the seasonal turnover of microorganisms on arable lands in temperate ecosystems has not been investigated on a relevant level. Hence, we aimed to study the dynamics of such soil microbial biomass patterns as: Сmicro, Nmicro, microbial index (MI = (Сmicro/CTOC)·100, %) and CO2-C emission on the background of 9 years of tillage and 22 years of abandoned (Ab) and fallow (F) usage. Our study was conducted on a long-term experimental site on a Mollisol in the northeast China. The maximum Сmicro and Nmicro content was found: at the beginning of the growing season – in 0-10-; in mid-July – in 20-40 cm layers, while the minimum – in August-October. The Сmicro content ranged from 577.79- and 381.79 mg-1 kg-1 under Ab in spring to 229.53- and 272.86 mg-1 kg-1 in autumn under CT (conventional tillage) and F in 0-10- and 10-20 cm layers, respectively. The amplitude of Nmicro content changes was several times lower comparatively to Сmicro. The smallest quartile range (IQR0.25-0.75) of such changes was under: no-till (NT) and Ab in 0-10-, NT and F – in 10-20- and CT - in 20-40 cm layers. The widest Сmicro : Nmicro ratio was found at F and CT – in 0-20- and CT and rotational tillage (Rot) – in 20-40 cm layers. MI dynamics resembled the trends of Сmicro and Nmicro and changed from 0.72 0.168- tо 2.00 0,030 %. The highest part of Сmicro in CTOC was at Ab (1.82 1.85 %) and NT (1.66 1.52 %) – in 0-10-; Ab (1.23 1.27 %) and NT (1.29 1.32 %) – in 10-20- and – Ab (1.19 1.09 %) and F (1.11 1.077 %) – in 20-40 cm layers, correspondingly. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient between Сmicro and CTOC increased from the upper 0-10- to the lower 20-40 cm layer, it was "strong" and "high" between Сmicro and CTOC. Different use of Mollisol affected the amplitude of Сmicro and Nmicro seasonal changes, but it didn’t change their trend. Our results suggest the key role of Ab and NT technologies in Сmicro accumulation in total organic carbon (TOC).
2 citations
01 Jul 2018
1 citations