DOI•
The relationship between Internet addiction with depression and anxiety among Iranian adolescents
19 Mar 2018-Vol. 5, Iss: 2, pp 41-49
TL;DR: The increasing Internet addiction in the Iranian society is associated with depression and anxiety, and providing educational programs for students and parents to use the Internet properly and diagnosis and treatment of Internet addiction among students are recommended.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, the Internet has become an indispensable part of individuals’ lives. Given the increasing use of the Internet, especially among students, it is essential to analyze its impacts on the psychological characteristics of individuals. The present study was carried out aiming to determine the relationship between Internet addiction with depression and anxiety among the adolescents. METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on all high school students of the city of Sanandaj, Iran. The study subjects included 595 students (285 girls and 310 boys) which were selected through cluster random sampling. The data collection tools in this study included Internet Addiction Test (IAT) by Young, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Data were analyzed using SPSS software, regression analysis, and chi-square test. RESULTS: It has been found that 28.7% of the students had Internet addiction. There was a significant correlation between Internet addiction and depression (P < 0.001), anxiety (P < 0.001) and school grade (P = 0.002). However, no significant relationship was reported between Internet addiction and sex (P = 0.560), parental separation (P = 0.860) and parents’ death (P = 0.722). Moreover, the results of regression analysis showed that these variables altogether could predict 36% of Internet addiction among these subjects. CONCLUSION: The increasing Internet addiction in the Iranian society is associated with depression and anxiety. Therefore, providing educational programs for students and parents to use the Internet properly and diagnosis and treatment of Internet addiction among students are recommended.
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TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper examined trait emotional intelligence as a predictor of Internet gaming disorder (IGD) with both a cross-sectional and longitudinal design and found that depression had a significant, full mediating effect on the relationship between emotional intelligence and IGD tendency.
Abstract: This one-year longitudinal study examined trait emotional intelligence as a predictor of Internet gaming disorder (IGD). To date, only cross-sectional research has been conducted to test the protective effects of emotional intelligence against IGD tendency. Based on the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model, this study aimed to address the research gap by examining not only the direct effects of trait emotional intelligence, but also its indirect effects (via depressive symptoms and coping flexibility) on IGD, with both a cross-sectional and longitudinal design. The participants were 282 Chinese university students (mean age = 20.47; 39.4% males) who voluntarily completed an anonymous questionnaire at both baseline (W1) and one-year follow-up (W2). Path analysis results revealed that trait emotional intelligence had a protective but indirect effect on IGD tendency in both our cross-sectional and longitudinal data. Depression was found to have a significant, full mediating effect on the relationship between: (i) trait emotional intelligence and IGD tendency (W2) and (ii) coping flexibility and IGD tendency (W2), after adjusting for IGD tendency at the baseline (W1). Gender invariance of the path coefficient was also observed in the prospective model. This study provided longitudinal evidence to support the I-PACE model. Interventions should address both IGD and depressive symptoms, and school-based workshops to increase emotional intelligence and coping flexibility are also recommended.
31 citations
Cites result from "The relationship between Internet a..."
...One may also note that, similar to the observation in a recent study on Internet addiction and depression among Iranian students [81], our male Chinese students reported a higher depression score than female students....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined whether loneliness is a mediator between internet addiction and social self-efficacy among undergraduates and found that internet addiction had an indirect effect on social selfefficacy mediated by loneliness.
Abstract: espanolEl proposito de este estudio fue examinar si la soledad es un mediador entre Internet y la autoeficacia entre lo social. Los participantes involucraron a 325 estudiantes universitarios (mujeres: 57.8%; hombres, 42.2%). La edad de los participantes oscilo entre 17 y 30 anos (M = 20.54, SD = 1.99). Los datos del estudio se obtuvieron mediante el formulario corto de prueba de adiccion a Internet de Young, la escala de eficacia social y expectativas de resultados sociales y la escala de soledad de UCLA. Los datos se analizaron utilizando el metodo de modelado de ecuaciones estructurales y bootstrapping. El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales mostro que habia un efecto indirecto sobre la autoeficacia social, mediado por la soledad. Los resultados del procedimiento de arranque indicaron que el efecto indirecto de la soledad fue significativo. Se discutieron las posibles explicaciones, la implicacion de la investigacion, las limitaciones y las direcciones futuras. EnglishThe purpose of this study was to examine whether loneliness is a mediator between internet addiction and social self-efficacy among undergraduates. The participants involved 325 undergraduates (female: 57.8%; male, 42.2%). The age of participants ranged between 17 and 30 years (M= 20.54, SD = 1.99). The study data was gathered using the Young’s Internet Addiction Test-Short Form, the Social Efficacy and Social Outcome Expectation Scale and the UCLA Loneliness Scale. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and bootstrapping method. Structural equation modeling showed that internet addiction had an indirect effect on social self-efficacy, mediated by loneliness. The results of bootstrapping procedure indicated that the indirect effect of loneliness on the relationship between internet addiction and social self-efficacy was significant. The possibility explanations, the research implication, limitations, and future directions were discussed.
8 citations
Cites background from "The relationship between Internet a..."
...…example, IA decreased life satisfaction (Blachnio et al. 2018; Bozoğlan, Demirer & Şahin, 2013) and wellbeing (Cheung et al. 2018) while it increased social isolation (Shaw & Black, 2008), social phobia (Elavarasan et al. 2018), anxiety (Shaikhamadi et al. 2018), and depression (Günay et al. 2018)....
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DOI•
26 Jun 2018TL;DR: The results of this study indicated the important role of stressors in academic burnout; so, it is expected that educators have always reflect the practices reduce stress, and create a suitable environment for education.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Burnout is a state of mental and emotional fatigue; and is a result of chronic stress syndrome, high pressure, time constraints, and lack of necessary resources to perform the assigned duties and tasks. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between student stressor factors and academic burnout among the students in Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in year 2016. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, the study population was the students in Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. Among them, 500 persons were selected using stratified sampling method with proportional allocation. The research tools were student stressor factors and academic burnout questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software. RESULTS: There was a positive and statistically significant relationship between academic burnout with three domains of stressors for students including academic stressors (r = 0.32, P < 0.01), learning environment stressors (r = 0.34, P < 0.01), and graduation stressors (r = 0.36, P < 0.01), as well as the overall stressors (r = 0.42, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicated the important role of stressors in academic burnout; so, it is expected that educators have always reflect the practices reduce stress, and create a suitable environment for education.
3 citations
References
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TL;DR: Un nouvel inventaire auto-administre destine a mesurer l'anxiete pathologique, le «Beck Anxiety Cheklist» (BAI) est decrit, evalue et compare au «Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale» (test avec lequel des correlations moderees sont trouvees).
Abstract: Un nouvel inventaire auto-administre destine a mesurer l'anxiete pathologique, le «Beck Anxiety Cheklist» (BAI) est decrit, evalue et compare au «Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale» (test avec lequel des correlations moderees sont trouvees)
11,139 citations
TL;DR: The history, rationale, and development of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID) is described, which is a semistructured interview for making the major Axis I DSM- III-R diagnoses.
Abstract: • The history, rationale, and development of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID) is described. The SCID is a semistuctured interview for making the major Axis I DSM-III-R diagnoses. It is administered by a clinician and includes an introductory overview followed by nine modules, seven of which represent the major axis I diagnostic classes. Because of its modular construction, it can be adapted for use in studies in which particular diagnoses are not of interest. Using a decision tree approach, the SCID guides the clinician in testing diagnostic hypotheses as the interview is conducted. The output of the SCID is a record of the presence or absence of each of the disorders being considered, for current episode (past month) and for lifetime occurrence.
3,933 citations
TL;DR: Signs of excessive Internet use are compared to the criteria used to diagnose other addictions and pathological gambling is compared to problematic Internet use because of overlapping criteria.
Abstract: The Internet is a new technology that has impacted the world and provided many benefits to its users. At the same time the Internet has had negative ramifications. Some people are becoming preoccupied with the Internet, are unable to control their use, and are jeopardizing employment and relationships. The concept of "Internet addiction" has been proposed as an explanation for uncontrollable, damaging use of this technology. Symptoms of excessive Internet use are compared to the criteria used to diagnose other addictions. In particular, pathological gambling is compared to problematic Internet use because of overlapping criteria. This article suggests some modifications to the diagnostic criteria that has been commonly proposed for Internet addiction.
871 citations
TL;DR: Problematic internet use may be associated with subjective distress, functional impairment and Axis I psychiatric disorders.
839 citations
TL;DR: The results of this study suggest that both axis I andaxis II disorders can be diagnosed reliably when using appropriate semistructured interviews and suggest that the reliability of axis II disorders is roughly equivalent to that reliability found for most axis I disorders.
Abstract: Both the interrater and test-retest-retest reliability of axis I and axis II disorders were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) and the Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders (DIPD-IV). Fair-good median interrater kappa (.40-.75) were found for all axis II disorders diagnosed five times or more, except antisocial personality disorder (1.0). All of the test-retest kappa for axis II disorders, except for narcissistic personality disorder (1.0) and paranoid personality disorder (.39), were also found to be fair-good. Interrater and test-retest dimensional reliability figures for axis II were generally higher than those for their categorical counterparts; most were in the excellent range (> .75). In terms of axis I, excellent median interrater kappa were found for six of the 10 disorders diagnosed five times or more, whereas fair-good median interrater kappa were found for the other four axis I disorders. In general, test-retest reliability figures for axis I disorders were somewhat lower than the interrater reliability figures. Three test-retest kappa were in the excellent range, six were in the fair-good range, and one (for dysthymia) was in the poor range (.35). Taken together, the results of this study suggest that both axis I and axis II disorders can be diagnosed reliably when using appropriate semistructured interviews. They also suggest that the reliability of axis II disorders is roughly equivalent to that reliability found for most axis I disorders.
781 citations