The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence

doi:10.1016/S0304-4165(89)80016-9

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The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence

Journal Article•DOI•

The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence

Bernard Genty¹, Jean-Marie Briantais, Neil R. Baker¹•Institutions (1)

University of Essex¹

27 Jan 1989-Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (Elsevier)-Vol. 990, Iss: 1, pp 87-92

TL;DR: In this article, the quantum yield of non-cyclic electron transport was found to be directly proportional to the product of the photochemical fluorescence quenching (qQ) and the efficiency of excitation capture by open Photosystem II (PS II) reaction centres (Fv/Fm).

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About: This article is published in Biochimica et Biophysica Acta.The article was published on 1989-01-27. It has received 7821 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Energy quenching & Quantum yield.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Chlorophyll fluorescence—a practical guide

[...]

Kate Maxwell, Giles N. Johnson¹•Institutions (1)

University of Manchester¹

01 Apr 2000-Journal of Experimental Botany

TL;DR: An introduction for the novice into the methodology and applications of chlorophyll fluorescence is provided and a selection of examples are used to illustrate the types of information that fluorescence can provide.

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Abstract: typically written from a biophysicist’s or a molecular plant physiologist’s point of view (Horton and Bowyer, Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis has become one of 1990; Krause and Weis, 1991; Govindjee, 1995). The aim the most powerful and widely used techniques avail- of this review is to provide a simple, practical guide to able to plant physiologists and ecophysiologists. This chlorophyll fluorescence for those beginners who are review aims to provide an introduction for the novice interested in applying the technique in both field and into the methodology and applications of chlorophyll laboratory situations. Whilst the principles behind the fluorescence. After a brief introduction into the theor- measurements will be discussed briefly, the emphasis will etical background of the technique, the methodology be on the applications and limitations of this technique and some of the technical pitfalls that can be encoun- in plant ecophysiology. tered are explained. A selection of examples is then used to illustrate the types of information that fluorescence can provide. The basis of chlorophyll fluorescence measurements

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7,721 citations

Cites background or methods from "The relationship between the quantu..."

...The most useful is themeters will almost certainly be found in the literature. parameter that measures the efficiency of Photosystem II The calculation of fluorescence parameters is probably photochemistry, WPSII (Genty et al., 1989)....
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...…of PSII photochemistry, it can be used to calculate linear electron transport rate (J ) and, therefore, overall photosynthetic capacity in vivo (Genty et al., 1989) as described in Equation 2 J=WPSII×PFDa×(0.5) (2) where PFDa is absorbed light (mmol photon m−2 s−1) (measured using an…...
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...…analysis’ approach outlined above, recent work has explored the possibilities ofthe Fo level of quenching, the latter do not and, as such, analysing the kinetics of the fluorescence rise resulting transport and CO2 fixation can correlate very well (Genty et al., 1989; Edwards and Baker, 1993)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Photosynthesis: The Basics

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G. H. Krause, E. Weis

01 Jan 1991

TL;DR: Fluorescence as a Reaction Competing in the Deactivation of Excited Chlorophyll and the Origin of Fluorescence Emission.

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Abstract: BIOPHYSICAL BASIS O F FLUORESCENCE EMISSION FROM CHLOROPLASTS . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 314 Fluorescence as a Reaction Competing in the Deactivation of Excited Chlorophyll . . . . . . . . . . ... . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314 Lifetimes of Fluorescence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 317 Origin of Fluorescence Emission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 1 Fluorescence of PS 11 and PS I at Ambient and Low Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323 FLUORESCENCE INDUCTION AND PS II HETEROGENEITy 325 Fluorescence Transient from Fo to FM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325 The FI Level and Inactive PS11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... .... . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 326 Fluorescence Induction in High Ught .. . . . . . . . . 327 Rise in the Presence of DCMU and a/{3 Heterogeneity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327 FLUORESCENCE QUENCHING 329 Resolution of Quenching Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ........ . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 Mechanism of Energy·Dependent Quenching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3 1 Quenching Related t o State Transition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . ......... . . .. .. . . . . . . . 334 Photoinhibitory Quenching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334 Further Quenching Mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338 Physiological Aspects of Quenching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338 CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTiVES 341

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4,144 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Chlorophyll fluorescence: a probe of photosynthesis in vivo

[...]

Neil R. Baker¹•Institutions (1)

University of Essex¹

29 Apr 2008-Annual Review of Plant Biology

TL;DR: This review examines how fluorescence parameters can be used to evaluate changes in photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry, linear electron flux, and CO(2) assimilation in vivo, and outlines the theoretical bases for the use of specificfluorescence parameters.

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Abstract: The use of chlorophyll fluorescence to monitor photosynthetic performance in algae and plants is now widespread. This review examines how fluorescence parameters can be used to evaluate changes in photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry, linear electron flux, and CO(2) assimilation in vivo, and outlines the theoretical bases for the use of specific fluorescence parameters. Although fluorescence parameters can be measured easily, many potential problems may arise when they are applied to predict changes in photosynthetic performance. In particular, consideration is given to problems associated with accurate estimation of the PSII operating efficiency measured by fluorescence and its relationship with the rates of linear electron flux and CO(2) assimilation. The roles of photochemical and nonphotochemical quenching in the determination of changes in PSII operating efficiency are examined. Finally, applications of fluorescence imaging to studies of photosynthetic heterogeneity and the rapid screening of large numbers of plants for perturbations in photosynthesis and associated metabolism are considered.

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3,434 citations

Cites background or methods from "The relationship between the quantu..."

...Such linear relationships between the PSII operating efficiency and φCO2 have been observed over a range of light intensities (37, 58, 59, 60, 103), over a range of atmospheric CO2 concentrations (37, 103), and during induction of photosynthesis when dark-adapted leaves are exposed to actinic light (37)....
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..., ATP and NADPH) (29), the PSII operating efficiency should be directly related to the quantum yield of CO2 assimilation, φCO2 (37)....
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...PSII operating efficiency, Fq ′/Fm ′, is given by the product of two important fluorescence parameters, Fv ′/Fm ′ and Fq ′/Fv ′ (37), where Fv ′ is equal to Fm ′ − Fo ′ and is the variable fluorescence of the light-adapted leaf and Fo ′ is the minimal fluorescence level in the light when QA is maximally oxidized (Figure 2)....
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...The ratio Fq ′/Fm ′ is theoretically proportional to the quantum yield of PSII photochemistry prior to application of the saturating light pulse (37)....
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...Actinic light: light that is absorbed by the photosynthetic apparatus and will drive electron transport lated to the quantum yield of CO2 assimilation by the leaf, φCO2 (37), thus allowing, under certain conditions, the application of fluorescence measurements to provide a rapid, nondestructive probe of CO2 assimilation....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Photosynthesis under drought and salt stress: regulation mechanisms from whole plant to cell

[...]

Maria Manuela Chaves¹, Jaume Flexas, Carla Pinheiro²•Institutions (2)

Instituto Superior de Agronomia¹, Universidade Nova de Lisboa²

01 Feb 2009-Annals of Botany

TL;DR: It is becoming apparent that plants perceive and respond to drought and salt stresses by quickly altering gene expression in parallel with physiological and biochemical alterations; this occurs even under mild to moderate stress conditions.

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3,080 citations

Cites background from "The relationship between the quantu..."

...Kirschbaum (1987, 1988) showed that recovery after a severe drought was a two-stage process: a first stage occurred during the first days upon re-watering, and consisted –0·3 0·0 0·3 0·6 –1·2 –0·9 –0·6 T h re sh o ld r at io Salinity –1·5 A T 4G 32 26 0 A T 4G 09 65 0 A T 4G 04 64 0 A T 1G 15 70 0 A T 1G 67 74 0 A T 1G 44 57 5 A T 5G 67 03 0 A T 5G 66 57 0 A T 3G 50 82 0 A T 4G 21 28 0 A T 4G 28 66 0 A T 1G 14 15 0 A T 1G 06 68 0 A T 1G 79 04 0 A T 2G 06 52 0 A T 2G 30 57 0 A T 5G 64 04 0 A T 4G 05 18 0 A T 3G 21 05 5 A T 3G 01 44 0 A T 1G 52 23 0 A T 4G 28 75 0 A T 4G 12 80 0 A T 4G 02 77 0 A T 1G 30 38 0 A T 3G 16 14 0 A T 1G 55 67 0 A T 1G 08 38 0 A T 1G 03 13 0 A T 2G 20 26 0 A T 2G 46 82 0 A T 1G 08 55 0 Drought Violaxanthin deepoxidase PSIPSIIATP sintase FI G. 2....
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...These photoprotective mechanisms compete with photochemistry for the absorbed energy, leading to a decrease in quantum yield of PSII (Genty et al., 1989)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Photoprotection and Other Responses of Plants to High Light Stress

[...]

Barbara Demmig-Adams, William W. Adams

01 Jan 1992

TL;DR: The Xanthophyll cycle and thermal energy dissipation were investigated in this paper. But the results of these experiments were limited to the case of light-capturing systems, where active oxygen was not formed in the Photochemical Apparatus.

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Abstract: PHOTO PROTECTION 604 Prevention oj Excessive Light Absorption... 604 Removal of Excess Excitation Energy Directly within the Light-Capturing System ......... ...... . . ..... ..... . .... . ..... ...... .... . .. . .. . . ..... . . . ... ... . 604 Removal oj Active Oxygen Formed in the Photochemical Apparatus ........ . . .. . . . . . . 605 INACTIV A TIONiTURNOVER OF PS II 606 THE XANTHOPHYLL CYCLE AND THERMAL ENERGY DISSIPATION: A PHOTOPROTECTIVE RESPONSE 608 Characteristics oj the Xanthophyll Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 608 Association Among the De-epoxidized State oj the Xanthophyll Cycle, Thermal Energy Dissipation. and Photoprotection .. .. . . . .. . . ...... .. .. ... ... 609 Operation of the Xanthophyll Cycle in the Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .... . . . .. . . . . 611 CONCLUSIONS 618

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2,388 citations

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References

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Journal Article•DOI•

Continuous recording of photochemical and non-photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching with a new type of modulation fluorometer.

[...]

Ulrich Schreiber, U Schliwa, Wolfgang Bilger

01 Jan 1986-Photosynthesis Research

TL;DR: It is shown that the modulation fluorometer, in combination with the application of saturating light pulses, provides essential information beyond that obtained with conventional chlorophyll fluorometers.

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Abstract: A newly developed fluorescence measuring system is employed for the recording of chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics (Kautsky-effect) and for the continuous determination of the photochemical and non-photochemical components of fluorescence quenching. The measuring system, which is based on a pulse modulation principle, selectively monitors the fluorescence yield of a weak measuring beam and is not affected even by extremely high intensities of actinic light. By repetitive application of short light pulses of saturating intensity, the fluorescence yield at complete suppression of photochemical quenching is repetitively recorded, allowing the determination of continuous plots of photochemical quenching and non-photochemical quenching. Such plots are compared with the time courses of variable fluorescence at different intensities of actinic illumination. The differences between the observed kinetics are discussed. It is shown that the modulation fluorometer, in combination with the application of saturating light pulses, provides essential information beyond that obtained with conventional chlorophyll fluorometers.

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2,671 citations

Book•DOI•

Progress in Photosynthesis Research

[...]

J. Biggins

01 Jan 1987

1,304 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence and primary photochemistry in chloroplasts by dibromothymoquinone.

[...]

M. Kitajima¹, Warren L. Butler¹•Institutions (1)

University of California, San Diego¹

31 Jan 1975-Biochimica et Biophysica Acta

TL;DR: FO and FV are the same type of fluorescence, both emanating from the bulk chlorophyll of Photosystem II, according to simple theory, which predicts that the ratio FV/FM should equal phipo.

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933 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Quantum efficiency of Photosystem II in relation to ‘energy’-dependent quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence

[...]

Engelbert Weis¹, Joseph A. Berry¹•Institutions (1)

Carnegie Institution for Science¹

19 Nov 1987-Biochimica et Biophysica Acta

TL;DR: In this article, the balance between light-dependent reactions and electron consuming reactions in intact sunflower leaves was varied by changing the incident light-flux at constant intercellular CO2 concentration.

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633 citations

Book Chapter•DOI•

Detection of rapid induction kinetics with a new type of high-frequency modulated chlorophyll fluorometer.

[...]

Ulrich Schreiber¹•Institutions (1)

University of Würzburg¹

01 Jan 1986-Photosynthesis Research

TL;DR: In this article, a modulation fluorometer is described which operates with 1 µsec light pulses from a light-emitting diode (LED) at 100 KHz and tolerates ratios of up to 1:107 between measuring light and actinic light.

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Abstract: A newly developed modulation fluorometer is described which operates with 1 µsec light pulses from a light-emitting diode (LED) at 100 KHz. Special amplification circuits assure a highly selective recording of pulse fluorescence signals against a vast background of non-modulated light. The system tolerates ratios of up to 1:107 between measuring light and actinic light. Thus it is possible to measure the “dark fluorescence yield” and record the kinetics of light-induced changes. A high time resolution allows the recording of the rapid relaxation kinetic following a saturating single turnover flash. Examples of system performance are given. It is shown that following a flash the reoxidation kinetics of photosystem II acceptors are slowed down not only by the inhibitor DCMU, but by a number of other treatments as well. From a light intensity dependency of the induction kinetics the existence of two saturated intermediate levels (I1 and I2) is apparent, which indicates the removal of three distinct types of fluorescence quenching in the overall fluorescence rise from F0 to Fmax.

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407 citations