The responsibility to protect : a critical analysis

The responsibility to protect : a critical analysis

01 Jan 2010-

About: The article was published on 2010-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Responsibility to protect.

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Journal Article•DOI•

A Textbook of International Law.

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Richard A. Falk, Satyavrata R. Patel

01 Jan 1966-American Journal of International Law

30 citations

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Resolution adopted by the general assembly

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Sixty-sixth, session

01 Jan 2011

2,049 citations

Book•

Africa Works: Disorder as Political Instrument

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Patrick Chabal, J-P Daloz

01 Jan 1999

TL;DR: In this paper, the informalization of politics and the re-traditionalization of society are discussed, and a new paradigm is proposed -the political instrumentalization of disorder is proposed.

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Abstract: Introduction - transitions and continuities - the question of analysis. Part 1 The informalization of politics: whither the state? the illusions of civil society recycled elites. Part 2 The re-traditionalization of society: of masks and men - the question of identity the use and abuse of the irrational - witchcraft and religion warlords bosses and thugs - the profits of violence. Part 3 The productivity of economic "failure": the moral economy of corruption the bounties of dependence what if Africa refused to develop?. Conclusion - a new paradigm - the political instrumentalization of disorder.

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1,310 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

The responsibility to protect.

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Matt Deutscher

01 Jan 2005-Medicine, Conflict and Survival

TL;DR: The Canadian government launched the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty in 2000, which in 2001 published its findings in The Responsibility to Protect, finding broad support for the notion of sovereignty not only as a right, but also a responsibility, the responsibility of a state to provide protection for its people.

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Abstract: The decision whether, if ever, to intervene in the affairs of a sovereign state with military force has become a critical issue of the post Cold War era. In 2000 the Canadian government launched the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS), which in 2001 published its findings in The Responsibility to Protect. The Commission found broad support for the notion of sovereignty not only as a right, but also a responsibility, the responsibility of a state to provide protection for its people. The primary responsibility for protecting citizens rests with states. But when states are unable or unwilling to provide this protection, or are themselves the perpetrators of atrocities, the Commission argues that the international community has a responsibility temporarily to step in, forcefully if necessary. The Commission resisted the temptation to identify human rights violations falling short of outright killing or ethnic cleansing. This eliminates the possibility of intervening on the ...

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535 citations

"The responsibility to protect : a c..." refers background in this paper

...Fourthly, Evans (2008a) confutes the misconception that “R2P covers all Human Protection Issues” (p. 64)....
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...Further economic incentives can involve restrictions on the “access to petroleum products” that can obstruct military operations and the prohibition of “international air traffic to or from a particular destination”, which imposes a physical restriction on the movement of political players and their families (ICISS, 2001)....
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...The Responsibility to Protect –...
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...creates a system that constitutes a reliable source for the information necessary in order to make prevention more accurate and efficient; This paper has furthermore come to the conclusion that R2P, in the present-day political international environment is not feasible as laid out in the 2001 ICISS report on “The Responsibility to Protect” since self-interest, the lack of political will and the absence of cultural integrity will overshadow its flawless implementation. Changing the face of humanitarian intervention into a system that is generally applicable and acceptable under international law would require the change of a variety of factors. Firstly, the concept requires fundamental changes in international law that would enable the legal instantiation of R2P as an effective measure to put an end to human suffering in an internationally acceptable way (as opposed to conventional humanitarian intervention); secondly, the formation of a deeply rooted and committed political will to amplify this concept on a grand scale; and thirdly and lastly, the active involvement of the lowest tiers in a political system that can influence the outcome of political debate and conflict – the citizen. The latter can only become reality if the conceptual hindrances addressed in this paper are remedied and a foundation of trust is built. Taking issues into our own hands is an essential part to bring about change to an issue that concerns all of us. We all are able to give an answer to Kofi Annan’s (2000) question: “If humanitarian intervention is indeed an unacceptable assault on sovereignty, how should we respond to a Rwanda, to a Srebrenica – to gross and systematic violations of human rights that offend every precept of our common humanity?” (p....
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...In the UN General Assembly in 2005, the concept of the “right to intervene” was extended by the ICISS’s concept of the “Responsibility to Protect Populations From Genocide, War Crimes, Ethnic Cleansing, and Crimes Against Humanity” (Evans, 2008a, p. 48), thereby changing the initial face of the ordinary concept of humanitarian intervention through the use of military force towards a far more complex and advanced concept of intervention....
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Journal Article•DOI•

A More Secure World: Our Shared Responsibility

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G. John Ikenberry

01 Jan 2005-Foreign Affairs

529 citations

Book•

The Responsibility to Protect: Ending Mass Atrocity Crimes Once and For All

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Gareth Evans

10 Sep 2008

TL;DR: The Responsibility to Protect (R2P) principle as discussed by the authors states that the primary responsibility for protecting its own people from mass atrocity crimes lies with the state itself, and that the wider international community has a collective responsibility to take whatever action is necessary.

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Abstract: Never again! the world has vowed time and again since the Holocaust. Yet genocide, ethnic cleansing, and other mass atrocity crimes continue to shock our consciences --from the killing fields of Cambodia to the machetes of Rwanda to the agony of Darfur. Gareth Evans has grappled with these issues firsthand. As Australian foreign minister, he was a key broker of the United Nations peace plan for Cambodia. As president of the International Crisis Group, he now works on the prevention and resolution of scores of conflicts and crises worldwide. The primary architect of and leading authority on the Responsibility to Protect (""R2P""), he shows here how this new international norm can once and for all prevent a return to the killing fields. The Responsibility to Protect captures a simple and powerful idea. The primary responsibility for protecting its own people from mass atrocity crimes lies with the state itself. State sovereignty implies responsibility, not a license to kill. But when a state is unwilling or unable to halt or avert such crimes, the wider international community then has a collective responsibility to take whatever action is necessary. R2P emphasizes preventive action above all. That includes assistance for states struggling to contain potential crises and for effective rebuilding after a crisis or conflict to tackle its underlying causes. R2P's primary tools are persuasion and support, not military or other coercion. But sometimes it is right to fight: faced with another Rwanda, the world cannot just stand by. R2P was unanimously adopted by the UN General Assembly at the 2005 World Summit. But many misunderstandings persist about its scope and limits. And much remains to be done to solidify political support and to build institutional capacity. Evans shows, compellingly, how big a break R2P represents from the past, and how, with its acceptance in principle and effective application in practice, the promise of "Never again!" can at last become a reality.

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449 citations

The responsibility to protect : a critical analysis

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