Book•
The Rise of Free Trade Imperialism: Classical Political Economy the Empire of Free Trade and Imperialism 1750–1850
01 Aug 1970-
TL;DR: The third school: Wakefield and the radical economists as mentioned in this paper was the first one to propose the Wakefield program for middle-class empire and the third school was the second one to adopt it.
Abstract: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Theory and politics of Free Trade Empire in the eighteenth century 3. The agrarian critique and the emergence of orthodoxy 4. The third school: Wakefield and the radical economists 5. The Wakefield program for middle-class empire 6. Parliament, political economy, and the Workshop of the World 7. Cobdenism and the 'dismal science' 8. Mercantilist revival 9. Classical political economy, the Empire of Free Trade, and imperialism Selected Bibliography Index.
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01 Jan 1986TL;DR: The sources of social power trace their interrelations throughout human history as discussed by the authors, from neolithic times, through ancient Near Eastern civilizations, the classical Mediterranean age and medieval Europe up to just before the Industrial Revolution in England.
Abstract: Distinguishing four sources of power in human societies – ideological, economic, military and political – The Sources of Social Power traces their interrelations throughout human history In this first volume, Michael Mann examines interrelations between these elements from neolithic times, through ancient Near Eastern civilizations, the classical Mediterranean age and medieval Europe, up to just before the Industrial Revolution in England It offers explanations of the emergence of the state and social stratification; of city-states, militaristic empires and the persistent interaction between them; of the world salvation religions; and of the particular dynamism of medieval and early modern Europe It ends by generalizing about the nature of overall social development, the varying forms of social cohesion and the role of classes and class struggle in history First published in 1986, this new edition of Volume 1 includes a new preface by the author examining the impact and legacy of the work
2,186 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the imperialism of decolonization is discussed and discussed in the context of the Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History: Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 462-511.
Abstract: (1994). The imperialism of decolonization. The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History: Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 462-511.
249 citations
TL;DR: The textbook theory of tariffs, and their converse, the movement to freer trade, has more elements than we need for the nineteenth century, but also lacks some as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The textbook theory of tariffs, and their converse, the movement to freer trade, has more elements than we need for the nineteenth century, but also lacks some. In the usual comparative statics, a tariff may be said to have ten effects: on price, trade, production (the protective effect), consumption, revenue, terms of trade, internal income distribution, monopoly, employment and the balance of payments.
243 citations
01 Jun 1989
TL;DR: The analysis of European trade policy in the nineteenth century is of particular interest as discussed by the authors, and the movement towards free trade in the United Kingdom, and therefore covers the period from 1815 to 1846, a period which saw the establishment of British economic supremacy.
Abstract: The analysis of European trade policy in the nineteenth century is of particular interest. The nineteenth century saw both the flourishing of liberalism in theories of international trade, and the development of modern protectionism. This chapter centres on the movement towards free trade in the United Kingdom, and therefore covers the period from 1815 to 1846, a period which saw the establishment of British economic supremacy. The liberalism of British commercial policy continued during the years 1846-60. The two small, highly industrialized countries (Belgium and Switzerland) gradually achieved something close to a total free trade system. The chapter concerns the development of institutions for the promotion of foreign trade, and also discusses European colonial trade policies. It considers the position of the socialist and labour parties with regard to trade policy. The chapter finally deals with the trade policies of independent and semi-independent countries outside Europe.
211 citations
TL;DR: This article found that shared democratic polity, common language, and openness to trade are associated with higher values of international trade, and they also found that common language and common regime type correlated with higher trade.
Abstract: Many liberals believe that shared democracy can be a foundation for peace not only directly, but indirectly through increased trade between countries as well. We test the hypothesis that democratic states will conduct more trade with each other by relating pairs of states' trade to their political regime type, official language, openness to trade, alliance status, and the presence of militarized disputes, as well as to the states' gross domestic product and the distance between them. We report analyses for 882 dyads from 1962 to 1989 and for 1,042 dyads from 1973 to 1989. Our results provide strong support for the hypothesis that shared democratic polity, common language, and openness to trade are associated with higher values of international trade.
210 citations