The role of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.
Citations
579 citations
Cites background from "The role of inflammatory and anti-i..."
...[16] recently described in detail the mediating cytokines and their signalling pathways that are up-regulated in OA and most often have catabolic (i....
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...They are elevated in OA synovial fluid, synovial membrane, cartilage and subchondral bone and, in the course of OA, have synergistic effects on signalling pathways that increase inflammation and cartilage degradation [16]....
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...Some cytokines (such as IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13) have anti-inflammatory and sometimes anabolic effects, and may modulate an inflammatory response and slow progression of OA [16]....
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422 citations
274 citations
Cites background from "The role of inflammatory and anti-i..."
...Inflammatory cytokines derived from the OA synovium or damaged cartilage are well-known to cause catabolic gene induction in chondrocytes through mechanisms involving NF-κB activation [142,143]....
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263 citations
Cites background from "The role of inflammatory and anti-i..."
...In addition, there was precious little evidence that inflammatory cytokines such as prostaglandins, TNF-a, interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and nitric oxide, are important in vivo even though they are potent inducers in vitro [33]....
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229 citations
Cites background from "The role of inflammatory and anti-i..."
...alter cell signaling pathways, gene expression, and behavior of joint tissue [11]....
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References
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"The role of inflammatory and anti-i..." refers background in this paper
...The source of IL-17 ismainly stimulated CD4 T cells and mast cells that infiltrate the synovialmembrane and the entire joint through blood vessels [138–141]....
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