The role of sexually explicit material in the sexual development of same-sex-attracted Black adolescent males
01 Apr 2015-
TL;DR: The role SEM plays in the sexual development of a sample of Black same-sex attracted (SSA) young adolescent males ages 15–19 is described and development of Internet-based HIV/STI prevention strategies targeting young Black SSA men who may be accessing SEM is called for.
Abstract: Sexually explicit material (SEM) (including Internet, video, and print) may play a key role in the lives of Black same-sex sexually active youth by providing the only information to learn about sexual development. There is limited school- and/or family-based sex education to serve as models for sexual behaviors for Black youth. We describe the role SEM plays in the sexual development of a sample of Black same-sex attracted (SSA) young adolescent males ages 15–19. Adolescents recruited from clinics, social networking sites, and through snowball sampling were invited to participate in a 90-min, semi-structured qualitative interview. Most participants described using SEM prior to their first same-sex sexual experience. Participants described using SEM primarily for sexual development, including learning about sexual organs and function, the mechanics of same-gender sex, and to negotiate one’s sexual identity. Secondary functions were to determine readiness for sex; to learn about sexual performance, including understanding sexual roles and responsibilities (e.g., “top” or “bottom”); to introduce sexual performance scripts; and to develop models for how sex should feel (e.g., pleasure and pain). Youth also described engaging in sexual behaviors (including condom non-use and/or swallowing ejaculate) that were modeled on SEM. Comprehensive sexuality education programs should be designed to address the unmet needs of young, Black SSA men, with explicit focus on sexual roles and behaviors that may be inaccurately portrayed and/or involve sexual risk-taking (such as unprotected anal intercourse and swallowing ejaculate) in SEM. This work also calls for development of Internet-based HIV/STI prevention strategies targeting young Black SSA men who may be accessing SEM.
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TL;DR: The goal of this review was to systematize empirical research that was published in peer-reviewed English-language journals between 1995 and 2015 on the prevalence, predictors, and implications of adolescents’ use of pornography.
Abstract: The goal of this review was to systematize empirical research that was published in peer-reviewed English-language journals between 1995 and 2015 on the prevalence, predictors, and implications of adolescents' use of pornography. This research showed that adolescents use pornography, but prevalence rates varied greatly. Adolescents who used pornography more frequently were male, at a more advanced pubertal stage, sensation seekers, and had weak or troubled family relations. Pornography use was associated with more permissive sexual attitudes and tended to be linked with stronger gender-stereotypical sexual beliefs. It also seemed to be related to the occurrence of sexual intercourse, greater experience with casual sex behavior, and more sexual aggression, both in terms of perpetration and victimization. The findings of this review need to be seen against the background of various methodological and theoretical shortcomings, as well as several biases in the literature, which currently precludes internally valid causal conclusions about effects of pornography on adolescents.
319 citations
Cites background from "The role of sexually explicit mater..."
...As Arrington-Sanders et al. (2015) have suggested, the availability of sexual information, the knowledge about sexual scripts, and the confidence about one’s sexual identity may differ for same-sex-attracted adolescents, which in turn may affect how they use pornography....
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...Specifically, some adolescents seem to use pornography as a “manual for sex” (Arrington-Sanders et al., 2015), for example, to learn about sexual organs, sexual positions, sexual roles, and the performance of particular sexual techniques, as well as how to behave during sex (Arrington-Sanders et…...
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...Compared to girls, boys use pornography more often out of curiosity, for sexual arousal (Abiala & Hernwall, 2013; Arrington-Sanders et al., 2015; Cameron et al., 2005; Lofgren-Mårtenson & Månsson, 2010), and for entertainment (Rothman et al., 2015)....
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...Compared to girls, boys use pornography more often out of curiosity, for sexual arousal (Abiala & Hernwall, 2013; Arrington-Sanders et al., 2015; Cameron et al., 2005; Lofgren-Mårtenson & Månsson, 2010), and for entertainment (Rothman et al....
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...With few exceptions (Arrington-Sanders et al., 2015; Bekele, Van Aken, & Dubas, 2011; Mattebo, Tydén, Häggström-Nordin, Nilsson, & Larsson, 2013; Odeyemi, Onajole, & Ogunowo, 2009; Skoog, Stattin, & Kerr, 2009; Vandenbosch & Eggermont, 2013a), the articles focused on both male and female adolescents....
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TL;DR: This commentary centers sexual pleasure within the contexts of sexual rights and sexual health to provide a framework for addressing sexual pleasure in law, policy, advocacy, public health, and clinical practice which might reduce the burden of disease.
Abstract: Much work on sexual health has emphasized adverse outcomes such as sexually transmitted infections/HIV, unintended pregnancy, and sexual violence. Although these objectives are of continued...
96 citations
Cites background from "The role of sexually explicit mater..."
...…condoms, use of erotic images and films, promoting lubricants, and introduction of a “pleasure dialogue” as part of each person’s sexual repertoire (Arrington-Sanders et al., 2015; Hoppe, 2011; Peterson et al., 1992; Philpott et al., 2006; Robinson, Bockting, Rosser, Miner, & Coleman, 2002;…...
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...Currently sexual pleasure is insufficiently addressed in these efforts in most areas of the world (Allen & Carmody, 2012; Arrington-Sanders et al., 2015; Boyce et al., 2007; Fine & McClelland, 2006)....
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TL;DR: Prevalence of pornography viewing is reported and factors associated with viewing frequency and age at first viewing are explored, amid public health concern that rising pornography use may have a negative impact on young people's health and wellbeing.
85 citations
Cites background from "The role of sexually explicit mater..."
...for sexual risk and mental health factors) showed significantly better fit than the fully constrained model (LR χ2(6)=31....
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TL;DR: Methods of engagement for porn literacy, gendered differences, and important findings that are specific to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, plus (LGBT+) persons are discussed, and recommendations regarding future research and intervention development are outlined.
Abstract: Although some positive outcomes for pornography engagement have been highlighted, researchers and educators have also expressed concerns about youth pornography engagement and have called for porn literacy education to be incorporated into sex education programs. As yet, there is lack of agreement regarding intervention development. This study aimed to engage participants in the identification of relevant curriculum content. Participatory methods of data collection were used with 54 young adults aged 18 to 29 to generate core concepts for porn literacy education, and these concepts were subsequently explored in group interviews. Findings suggest that the proposed learning outcomes should focus on reducing shame regarding pornography engagement and improving critical thinking skills regarding the following sexual health topics: body image comparisons and dissatisfaction; sexual and gender-based violence; fetishising of gay and transgender communities; and setting unrealistic standards for sex. Methods of engagement for porn literacy, gendered differences, and important findings that are specific to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, plus (LGBT+) persons are discussed, and recommendations regarding future research and intervention development are outlined.
81 citations
Cites result from "The role of sexually explicit mater..."
...These findings are reflective of other studies (Arrington-Sanders et al., 2015) and may be due to the lack of information about LGBT+ sexual practices and relationships in formal sex education....
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01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied consumption patterns of gay-oriented sexually explicit media (SEM) by men who have sex with men (MSM) and investigated a hypothesized relationship between gay SEM consumption and HIV risk behavior.
Abstract: This study sought to study consumption patterns of gay-oriented sexually explicit media (SEM) by men who have sex with men (MSM); and to investigate a hypothesized relationship between gay SEM consumption and HIV risk behavior. Participants were 1,391 MSM living in the US, recruited online to complete a SEM consumption and sexual risk survey. Almost all (98.5 %) reported some gay SEM exposure over the last 90 days. While 41 % reported a preference to watch actors perform anal sex without condoms (termed “bareback SEM”), 17 % preferred to actors perform anal sex with condoms (termed “safer sex SEM”) and 42 % reported no preference. Overall SEM consumption was not associated with HIV risk; however participants who watched more bareback SEM reported significantly greater odds of engaging in risk behavior. The results suggest that a preference for bareback SEM is associated with engaging in risk behavior. More research to understand how MSM develop and maintain preferences in viewing SEM, and to identify new ways to use SEM in HIV prevention, is recommended.ResumenEste estudio trató de estudiar a los hombres que practican sexo con otros hombres (HSH) y sus patrones de consumo de los medios de comunicación consistiendo en contenido sexualmente explícito con una orientación homosexual (SEM); y de investigar una relación conjeturada entre el consumo homosexual de SEM y el riesgo de VIH. Había 1,391 participantes HSH que vivían en los EE.UU., cuales fueron reclutados por Internet para rellenar una encuesta sobre su consumo de SEM y su riesgo sexual. Casi todos (98.5 %) comunicaron algo exposición a SEM en los últimos 90 días. Mientras el 41 % declaró una preferencia para ver a los actores desempeñando el sexo anal sin preservativo (se da en llamar “bareback SEM”), el 17 % prefirió ver a los actores desempeñando el sexo anal con preservativo (se da en llamar “sexo seguro SEM”) y el 42 % expresó una falta de preferencia. En general, el consumo de SEM no se relacionó con el riesgo de VIH; sin embargo, los participantes que miraron más de el “bareback SEM” informaron una probabilidad significativamente más elevada de participar en conductas de alto riesgo. Los resultados sugieren que una preferencia por bareback SEM está asociado con la participación en el comportamiento de alto riesgo. Se recomienda más estudios para entender cómo los HSH desarrollan y mantienen sus preferencias de ver el SEM, e identificar nuevas maneras de utilizar SEM para la prevención del VIH.
56 citations
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"The role of sexually explicit mater..." refers background in this paper
..., 2010) and to explore various sexual roles as they attempt to solidify their sexual identity (Erikson, 1980)....
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