The role of spores in reproduction in mosses
01 Sep 1990-Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society (Blackwell Publishing Ltd)-Vol. 104, Iss: 1, pp 149-173
TL;DR: The facility for vegetative reproduction and reproduction by spores was compared in four common mosses by observations on naturally occurring spores, sporclings and juvenile shoots combined with experimental field plantings, showing contrasting life-history strategies shown by the four species.
About: This article is published in Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society.The article was published on 1990-09-01. It has received 84 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Spore germination & Spore.
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245 citations
TL;DR: Effects of single environmental variables on species richness depend both on the taxonomic group and on the combination of environmental factors on a whole, and suggests that competition between vascular plants and cryptogams is rather asymmetric.
Abstract: We studied the relative importance of local habitat conditions and landscape structure for species richness of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens in dry grasslands on the Baltic island of Oland (Sweden). In addition, we tested whether relationships between species richness and vegetation cover indicate that competition within and between the studied taxonomic groups is important. We recorded species numbers of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens in 4 m2 plots (n=452), distributed over dry grassland patches differing in size and degree of isolation. Structural and environmental data were collected for each plot. We tested effects of local environmental conditions, landscape structure and vegetation cover on species richness using generalized linear mixed models. Different environmental variables explained species richness of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens. Environmental effects, particularly soil pH, were more important than landscape structure. Interaction effects of soil pH with other environmental variables were significant in vascular plants. Plot heterogeneity enhanced species richness. Size and degree of isolation of dry grassland patches significantly affected bryophyte and lichen species richness, but not that of vascular plants. We observed negative relationships between bryophyte and lichen species richness and the cover of vascular plants. To conclude, effects of single environmental variables on species richness depend both on the taxonomic group and on the combination of environmental factors on a whole. Dispersal limitation in bryophytes and lichens confined to dry grasslands may be more common than is often assumed. Our study further suggests that competition between vascular plants and cryptogams is rather asymmetric.
166 citations
TL;DR: The incidence of rarity is thus lowest among dioecious fruiting species, and highest among species that are monoecious and produce sporophytes or are diecious and do not.
116 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined bryophyte guilds and community composition in relation to habitat quality (microclimate and substrate) in five treatment classes in New Brunswick Acadian forest, 4 years after harvest.
116 citations
Cites background from "The role of spores in reproduction ..."
...However, the apparent vulnerability of early lifestages (i.e., spores and protonemata), and low germination rates ( Miles and Longton, 1990 ), are likely to slow or prevent recolonization of extirpated species if rotation times of cut blocks are short (Ross-Davis and Frego, 2004; So ¨ derstro ¨ m et al., 1992; Herben et al., 1991; So ¨ derstro ¨ m, 1988; So ¨ derstro ¨ m, 1987)....
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TL;DR: Spore deposition over the experimental periods showed a steep gradient, deposition per unit area falling from 4740—14, 230 sporescm−2 in the centre of the colonies to less than 10 spores cm−2 200 cm from the edge of the colony.
Abstract: Daily counts were made of spores trapped on microscope slides coated with petroleum jelly and placed on the ground at distances up to 200 em from isolated colonies of Atrichum undulatum and Bryum argenteum. The observations continued for 30–34 days during the annual period of spore release in these species. Estimates of the number of spores released by the colonies were obtained as the product of the numbers of capsules and the difference between the mean numbers of spores present in undehisced capsules at the beginning of the experiment and remaining in dehisced capsules at the end.Spore deposition over the experimental periods showed a steep gradient, deposition per unit area falling from 4740—14, 230 spores cm−2 in the centre of the colonies to less than 10 spores cm−2 200 cm from the edge of the colonies. Despite the steep deposition gradients, however, it was estimated that more than 85% of the spores in A. undulatum, and more than 95% of those in B. argenteum, were dispersed to unknown dista...
112 citations
References
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Book•
25 May 1978
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a taxonomy of the genera Sphagnopsida, Andreaeopsida and Bryopsida for the Addundum Index, including the Artificial keys of genera.
Abstract: Preface Acknowledgements Introduction Conspectus of classification Abbreviations Artificial keys of genera Sphagnopsida Andreaeopsida Bryopsida Glossary Bibliography Addundum Index.
996 citations
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the proposed classification of genera Sphagnopsida, Andreaeopsida and Bryopsida as well as some of the properties of these genera and some of their applications.
968 citations
01 Jan 1979
TL;DR: An attempt is made to compare bryophyte Ufe histories with recent models of life strategies of animals and phanerogams, highlighting the balance between sexual and asexual reproduction, the reproductive effort spent on both kinds of reproduce, the size and number of the spores, and annual production and standing crop.
Abstract: An attempt is made to compare bryophyte Ufe histories with recent models of life strategies of animals and phanerogams. Important life history traits in bryophytes include the balance between sexual and asexual reproduction, the reproductive effort spent on both kinds of reproduction, the size and number of the spores, and annual production and standing crop. Age of first reproduction is generally low for asexual reproduction, but low or high for sexual reproduction, depending on the species and the population included. Density-dependent mortality appears to be rare in bryophytes; in some groups of species mortality is for the greater part caused by abiotic environmental stress, whereas in other groups biotic factors such as competi tion and pr?dation are more prominent. Life expectancy varies from some weeks in extreme ephemerals to hundreds of years; in the longer lived species wide variation in life span of different individuals occurs. Tolerance and avoidance of environmental stress are two distinct alternative possibilities in bryophytes as well as in phanerogams. A preliminary system of six different bryophyte life strategies is pre sented. It is stressed that the choice of a fitness measure for a species or population should be made in accordance to its life strategy. Finally, some distinctive traits of bryophyte life histories are outlined.
398 citations
Book•
25 Nov 1988
TL;DR: In this article, the biology of bryophytes and lichens in the polar tundra is reviewed, where these plants may form a dominant component of the vegetation in terms of growth form, physiology and reproduction.
Abstract: This book reviews the biology of bryophytes and lichens in the polar tundra, where these plants may form a dominant component of the vegetation. It considers adaptation to severe environments in terms of growth form, physiology and reproduction. The role of bryophytes and lichens is discussed in vegetation processes such as colonisation and succession, and in energy flow, nutrient cycling and other functional aspects of polar ecosystems, both natural and as modified by man, The range of microclimates experience by polar cryptograms is described using an energy budget approach, and the environmental relationships of CO2 exchange, stress resistance, growth and other physiological responses are discussed against this background. Reproductive biology is also reviewed as an introduction to a consideration of population ecology, distribution patterns, dispersal potential and the origin and adaptation of polar cryptogamic floras. This book integrates the results of work in the Arctic and the Antarctic, and includes a classification of vegetation zones applicable to both polar regions. The study of plant ecology in these areas has advanced dramatically and the results synthesised here contribute to a general understanding both of polar ecosystems and of the environmental relationships of bryophytes and lichens.
363 citations
317 citations