The Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Mission
Dara Entekhabi,Eni G. Njoku,Peggy O'Neill,Kent Kellogg,Wade T. Crow,W. Edelstein,Jared Entin,Shawn D Goodman,Thomas J. Jackson,Joel T. Johnson,John S. Kimball,Jeffrey R. Piepmeier,Randal D. Koster,Neil R.W. Martin,Kyle C. McDonald,Mahta Moghaddam,Susan Moran,Rolf H. Reichle,Jiancheng Shi,Michael W. Spencer,Samuel W Thurman,Leung Tsang,Jakob van Zyl +22 more
- Vol. 98, Iss: 5, pp 704-716
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TLDR
The Soil Moisture Active Passive mission is one of the first Earth observation satellites being developed by NASA in response to the National Research Council's Decadal Survey to make global measurements of the soil moisture present at the Earth's land surface.Abstract:
The Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission is one of the first Earth observation satellites being developed by NASA in response to the National Research Council's Decadal Survey SMAP will make global measurements of the soil moisture present at the Earth's land surface and will distinguish frozen from thawed land surfaces Direct observations of soil moisture and freeze/thaw state from space will allow significantly improved estimates of water, energy, and carbon transfers between the land and the atmosphere The accuracy of numerical models of the atmosphere used in weather prediction and climate projections are critically dependent on the correct characterization of these transfers Soil moisture measurements are also directly applicable to flood assessment and drought monitoring SMAP observations can help monitor these natural hazards, resulting in potentially great economic and social benefits SMAP observations of soil moisture and freeze/thaw timing will also reduce a major uncertainty in quantifying the global carbon balance by helping to resolve an apparent missing carbon sink on land over the boreal latitudes The SMAP mission concept will utilize L-band radar and radiometer instruments sharing a rotating 6-m mesh reflector antenna to provide high-resolution and high-accuracy global maps of soil moisture and freeze/thaw state every two to three days In addition, the SMAP project will use these observations with advanced modeling and data assimilation to provide deeper root-zone soil moisture and net ecosystem exchange of carbon SMAP is scheduled for launch in the 2014-2015 time frameread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The International Soil Moisture Network: a data hosting facility for global in situ soil moisture measurements
Wouter Dorigo,Wolfgang Wagner,R. Hohensinn,Sebastian Hahn,Christoph Paulik,Angelika Xaver,Alexander Gruber,Matthias Drusch,Susanne Mecklenburg,P. J. van Oevelen,Alan Robock,Thomas J. Jackson +11 more
TL;DR: The International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN) as discussed by the authors is a centralized data hosting facility where globally available in situ soil moisture measurements from operational networks and validation campaigns are collected, harmonized, and made available to users.
Journal ArticleDOI
The SMOS Soil Moisture Retrieval Algorithm
Yann Kerr,Philippe Waldteufel,P. Richaume,Jean-Pierre Wigneron,Paolo Ferrazzoli,A. Mahmoodi,Ahmad Al Bitar,Francois Cabot,C. Gruhier,S. Juglea,Delphine Leroux,Arnaud Mialon,Steven Delwart +12 more
TL;DR: A retrieval algorithm to deliver global soil moisture (SM) maps with a desired accuracy of 0.04 m3/m3 is given, discusses the caveats, and provides a glimpse of the Cal Val exercises.
Journal ArticleDOI
ESA CCI Soil Moisture for improved Earth system understanding : State-of-the art and future directions
Wouter Dorigo,Wolfgang Wagner,Clément Albergel,Franziska Albrecht,Gianpaolo Balsamo,Luca Brocca,Daniel Chung,Martin Ertl,Matthias Forkel,Alexander Gruber,E. M. Haas,P. D. Hamer,Martin Hirschi,Jaakko Ikonen,Richard de Jeu,R. Kidd,William Lahoz,Yi Y. Liu,Diego G. Miralles,Diego G. Miralles,Thomas Mistelbauer,Nadine Nicolai-Shaw,Robert Parinussa,Chiara Pratola,Chiara Pratola,Christoph Reimer,Robin van der Schalie,Sonia I. Seneviratne,Tuomo Smolander,Pascal Lecomte +29 more
TL;DR: The European Space Agency (ESA) released the first multi-decadal, global satellite-observed soil moisture (SM) dataset as part of its Climate Change Initiative (CCI) program.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hyperresolution global land surface modeling: Meeting a grand challenge for monitoring Earth's terrestrial water
Eric F. Wood,Joshua K. Roundy,Tara J. Troy,L. P. H. van Beek,Marc F. P. Bierkens,Eleanor Blyth,Ad de Roo,Petra Döll,Michael Ek,James S. Famiglietti,David Gochis,Nick van de Giesen,Paul R. Houser,Peter R. Jaffé,Stefan Kollet,Bernhard Lehner,Dennis P. Lettenmaier,Christa D. Peters-Lidard,Murugesu Sivapalan,Justin Sheffield,Andrew J. Wade,Paul Whitehead +21 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the needs and benefits for a system that would monitor and predict the Earth's terrestrial water, energy, and biogeochemical cycles, and they call upon the international hydrologic community and the hydrological science support infrastructure to endorse the effort.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trend-preserving blending of passive and active microwave soil moisture retrievals
Yuqiong Liu,Wouter Dorigo,Robert Parinussa,R.A.M. de Jeu,Wolfgang Wagner,Matthew F. McCabe,Jason P. Evans,A. I. J. M. van Dijk +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented an approach for combining four passive microwave products from the VU University Amsterdam/National Aeronautics and Space Administration and two active microwave items from the Vienna University of Technology.
References
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Inversion of surface parameters from passive microwave measurements over a soybean field
TL;DR: In this paper, a method of inversion of remotely sensed data using a random continuous model was developed to assess how passive microwave measurements could be used to estimate land surface parameters, where both soil moisture and biomass, parameterized by the vegetation volume fraction, appear to have very significant effect on the evolution of the microwave signal.
Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: The application of an airborne electronically steered thinned array L-band radiometer (ESTAR) for soil moisture mapping was investigated over the semi-arid rangeland Walnut Gulch Watershed in southeastern Arizona.
Journal ArticleDOI
Combined Passive and Active Microwave Observations of Soil Moisture During CLASIC
TL;DR: The passive/active L-band sensor was flown over two watersheds as part of the cloud and land surface interaction campaign (CLASIC) conducted in Oklahoma in 2007 and indicated the potential for estimating soil moisture for low-vegetation water content domains from radar observations using a simple vegetation model.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterizing subpixel variability of low resolution radiometer derived soil moisture using high resolution radar data
U. Narayan,Venkat Lakshmi +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, low-resolution soil moisture estimates from passive remote sensing are fused with high-resolution radar backscatter data to produce soil moisture change estimates at the spatial resolution of radar.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Interference mitigation in passive microwave radiometry
TL;DR: Several means of detecting and correcting for anthropogenic interference in passive microwave imagery are considered, including spectral subbanding, polarization detection, polarimetric detection, and azimuthal detection.