Journal ArticleDOI
The spectrum of MOG autoantibody-associated demyelinating diseases
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TLDR
Cell-based immunoassays using MOG expressed in mammalian cells have demonstrated the presence of high-titre MOG antibodies in paediatric patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, MS, aquaporin-4-seronegative neuromyELitis optica, or isolated optic neuritis or transverse myelitis; these studies indicate that Mog antibodies could be associated with a broad spectrum of acquired human CNS demyelinating diseases.Abstract:
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) has been identified as a target of demyelinating autoantibodies in animal models of inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Numerous studies have aimed to establish a role for MOG antibodies in patients with MS, although the results have been controversial. Cell-based immunoassays using MOG expressed in mammalian cells have demonstrated the presence of high-titre MOG antibodies in paediatric patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, MS, aquaporin-4-seronegative neuromyelitis optica, or isolated optic neuritis or transverse myelitis, but only rarely in adults with these disorders. These studies indicate that MOG antibodies could be associated with a broad spectrum of acquired human CNS demyelinating diseases. This Review article discusses the current literature on MOG antibodies, their potential clinical relevance, and their role in the pathogenesis of MOG antibody-associated demyelinating disorders.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A clinical approach to diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis
Francesc Graus,Maarten J. Titulaer,Ramani Balu,Susanne M. Benseler,Christian G. Bien,Tania Cellucci,Irene Cortese,Russell C. Dale,Jeffrey M. Gelfand,Michael D. Geschwind,Carol A. Glaser,Jérôme Honnorat,Romana Höftberger,Takahiro Iizuka,Sarosh R. Irani,Eric Lancaster,Frank Leypoldt,Harald Prüss,Alexander Rae-Grant,Markus Reindl,Myrna R. Rosenfeld,Kevin Rostasy,Albert Saiz,Arun Venkatesan,Angela Vincent,Klaus Peter Wandinger,Patrick Waters,J. Dalmau,J. Dalmau +28 more
TL;DR: Through logical differential diagnosis, levels of evidence for autoimmune encephalitis (possible, probable, or definite) are achieved, which can lead to prompt immunotherapy.
Journal ArticleDOI
MOG-IgG in NMO and related disorders: a multicenter study of 50 patients. Part 2: Epidemiology, clinical presentation, radiological and laboratory features, treatment responses, and long-term outcome
Sven Jarius,Klemens Ruprecht,Ingo Kleiter,Nadja Borisow,Nasrin Asgari,Kalliopi Pitarokoili,Florence Pache,Oliver Stich,Lena-Alexandra Beume,Martin W. Hümmert,Marius Ringelstein,Corinna Trebst,Alexander Winkelmann,Alexander Schwarz,Mathias Buttmann,Hanna Zimmermann,Joseph Kuchling,Diego Franciotta,Marco Capobianco,Eberhard Siebert,Carsten Lukas,Mirjam Korporal-Kuhnke,Jürgen Haas,Kai Fechner,Alexander U. Brandt,Kathrin Schanda,Orhan Aktas,Friedemann Paul,Markus Reindl,Brigitte Wildemann +29 more
TL;DR: The predominantly relapsing and often severe disease course and the short median time to second attack support the use of prophylactic long-term treatments in patients with MOG-IgG-positive ON and/or myelitis; however, treatment failure leading to rapid accumulation of disability was noted in many patients as well as flare-ups after steroid withdrawal.
Journal ArticleDOI
Distinction between MOG antibody-positive and AQP4 antibody-positive NMO spectrum disorders
Douglas Kazutoshi Sato,Dagoberto Callegaro,Marco Aurélio Lana-Peixoto,Patrick Waters,Frederico Jorge,Toshiyuki Takahashi,Ichiro Nakashima,Samira Luisa Apostolos-Pereira,Natalia Talim,Renata Simm,Angelina Maria Martins Lino,Tatsuro Misu,Maria Isabel Leite,Masashi Aoki,Kazuo Fujihara +14 more
TL;DR: Patients with NMOSD with MOG antibodies have distinct clinical features, fewer attacks, and better recovery than patients with AQP4 antibodies or patients seronegative for both antibodies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Update on the diagnosis and treatment of neuromyelitis optica: recommendations of the Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS)
Corinna Trebst,Sven Jarius,Achim Berthele,Friedemann Paul,Friedemann Paul,Sven Schippling,Brigitte Wildemann,Nadja Borisow,Ingo Kleiter,Orhan Aktas,Tania Kümpfel +10 more
TL;DR: The Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS) summarizes recently obtained knowledge on NMO and highlights new developments in its diagnosis and treatment, based on current guidelines, the published literature and expert discussion at regular NEMOS meetings.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical presentation and prognosis in MOG-antibody disease: a UK study.
Maciej Juryńczyk,Silvia Messina,Mark Woodhall,Naheed Raza,Rosie Everett,Adriana Roca-Fernandez,George Tackley,Shahd Hamid,Angela Sheard,Gavin L Reynolds,Saleel Chandratre,Cheryl Hemingway,Anu Jacob,Angela Vincent,M. Isabel Leite,Patrick Waters,Jacqueline Palace +16 more
TL;DR: MOG-antibody disease has a moderate relapse risk, which might be mitigated by medium term immunosuppression at onset, and permanent disability occurs in about half of patients and more often involves sphincter and erectile functions than vision or mobility.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A serum autoantibody marker of neuromyelitis optica : distinction from multiple sclerosis
Vanda A. Lennon,Dean M. Wingerchuk,Thomas J. Kryzer,Sean J. Pittock,C. F. Lucchinetti,Kazuo Fujihara,Ichiro Nakashima,Brian G. Weinshenker +7 more
TL;DR: NMO-IgG is a specific marker autoantibody of neuromyelitis optica and binds at or near the blood-brain barrier that distinguishes neuromyleitis opticas from multiple sclerosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Revised diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica
TL;DR: Revised diagnostic criteria for definite neuromyelitis optica (NMO) that require optic neuritis, myelitis, and at least two of three supportive criteria: MRI evidence of a contiguous spinal cord lesion 3 or more segments in length, onset brain MRI nondiagnostic for multiple sclerosis, or NMO-IgG seropositivity.
Journal ArticleDOI
IgG marker of optic-spinal multiple sclerosis binds to the aquaporin-4 water channel.
TL;DR: It is shown that NMO-IgG binds selectively to the aquaporin-4 water channel, a component of the dystroglycan protein complex located in astrocytic foot processes at the blood-brain barrier, which may represent the first example of a novel class of autoimmune channelopathy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Commensal microbiota and myelin autoantigen cooperate to trigger autoimmune demyelination
Kerstin Berer,Marsilius Mues,Michail Koutrolos,Zakeya Al Rasbi,Marina Boziki,Caroline Johner,Hartmut Wekerle,Gurumoorthy Krishnamoorthy +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the commensal gut flora—in the absence of pathogenic agents—is essential in triggering immune processes, leading to a relapsing–remitting autoimmune disease driven by myelin-specific CD4+ T cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein–specific T Cell Receptor Transgenic Mice Develop Spontaneous Autoimmune Optic Neuritis
Estelle Bettelli,Maria Pagany,Howard L. Weiner,Christopher Linington,Christopher Linington,Raymond A. Sobel,Raymond A. Sobel,Vijay K. Kuchroo +7 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that clinical manifestations of CNS autoimmune disease will vary depending on the identity of the target autoantigen and that MOG-specific T cell responses are involved in the genesis of isolated optic neuritis.
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