Journal Article•
The State of the Art in Automated Negotiation Models of the Behavior and Information Perspective
TL;DR: An empirical analysis of 74 publications in the fleld of automatediations shows that most of the items imply incomplete or uncertain information, but mainly related to the negotiation partner.
Abstract: The following article is a dissertation project in progress paper. It shows the results of an empirical analysis of 74 publications in the fleld of automated ne- gotiations. The results show that most of the items (66) imply incomplete or uncertain information, but mainly related to the negotiation partner. Only 12 of them are related to the negotiation item. Despite the advantages of the argumentation-based negotiation (20, 45) there is no such model that implies incomplete or uncertain infor- mation related to the negotiation item. There is a need of research activities.
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355 citations
01 Jan 1998
TL;DR: Learning is a critical component for autonomous agents so that they can discover novel behaviors, adapt to a nonstationary world, and handle unanticipated events.
Abstract: Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems www.springer.com/10458 Michael Luck and Carles Sierra, Editors-in-Chief Published by Springer. About this Issue Learning is a critical component for autonomous agents so that they can discover novel behaviors, adapt to a nonstationary world, and handle unanticipated events. As virtual and physical agents become more common, these learning agents need to handle interactions not only with an environment, but also with other agents. Multiagent learning thus becomes an indispensable component of building intelligent systems, even though much of the current learning research focuses on single-agent settings.
220 citations
16 Sep 2013
TL;DR: Applying eye-tracking technology, it is shown how the user’s cognitive workload can be measure more objectively by capturing eye movements and pupillary responses.
Abstract: Replying to corresponding research calls I experimentally investigate whether a higher level of artificial intelligence support leads to a lower user cognitive workload. Applying eye-tracking technology I show how the user’s cognitive workload can be measure more objectively by capturing eye movements and pupillary responses. Within a laboratory environment which adequately reflects a realistic working situation, the probands use two distinct systems with similar user interfaces but very different levels of artificial intelligence support. Recording and analyzing objective eye-tracking data (i.e. pupillary diameter mean, pupillary diameter deviation, number of gaze fixations and eye saccade speed of both left and right eyes) – all indicating cognitive workload – I found significant systematic cognitive workload differences between both test systems. My results indicated that a higher AI-support leads to lower user cognitive workload.
88 citations
Cites background from "The State of the Art in Automated N..."
...[21, 22, 49]), I differentiated the AI-support level of the systems A and B by the automation-level of the argument-generation (user-generated versus system-generated) [50, 51]....
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05 Jan 2016
TL;DR: A substantial negative relationship between the number of contacts and job search success is found, which supports the experience of practitioners but contradicts scholarly findings.
Abstract: By asking users of career-oriented social networking sites I investigated their job search behavior. For further IS-theorizing I integrated the number of a user's contacts as an own construct into Venkatesh's et al. UTAUT2 model, which substantially rose its predictive quality from 19.0 percent to 80.5 percent concerning the variance of job search success. Besides other interesting results I found a substantial negative relationship between the number of contacts and job search success, which supports the experience of practitioners but contradicts scholarly findings. The results are useful for scholars and practitioners.
86 citations
07 Jan 2020
TL;DR: It is shown that a fine granular division of EEG spectra in combination with the Random Forest classifier allows a distinction to be made between paranoid schizophrenic and nonschizophrenic persons with a very good balanced accuracy.
Abstract: While diagnosing schizophrenia by physicians based on patients' history and their overall mental health is inaccurate, we report on promising results using a novel, fast and reliable machine learning approach based on electroencephalography (EEG) recordings. We show that a fine granular division of EEG spectra in combination with the Random Forest classifier allows a distinction to be made between paranoid schizophrenic (ICD-10 F20.0) and nonschizophrenic persons with a very good balanced accuracy of 96.77 percent. We evaluate our approach on EEG data from an open neurological and psychiatric repository containing 499 one-minute recordings of n=28 participants (14 paranoid schizophrenic and 14 healthy controls). Since the fact that neither diagnostic tests nor biomarkers are available yet to diagnose paranoid schizophrenia, our approach paves the way to a quick and reliable diagnosis with a high accuracy. Furthermore, interesting insights about the most predictive subbands were gained by analyzing the electroencephalographic spectrum up to 100 Hz.
71 citations
Cites methods from "The State of the Art in Automated N..."
...In terms of implementing the approach in real clinical environments we will conduct an implementation study to evaluate acceptance [80-82] and trust [83, 84] by physicians and patients and if the automated approach improves the coordination [85, 86] between physicians more efficiently....
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References
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TL;DR: A separation theorem for convex fuzzy sets is proved without requiring that the fuzzy sets be disjoint.
Abstract: A fuzzy set is a class of objects with a continuum of grades of membership. Such a set is characterized by a membership (characteristic) function which assigns to each object a grade of membership ranging between zero and one. The notions of inclusion, union, intersection, complement, relation, convexity, etc., are extended to such sets, and various properties of these notions in the context of fuzzy sets are established. In particular, a separation theorem for convex fuzzy sets is proved without requiring that the fuzzy sets be disjoint.
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Book•
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TL;DR: Theory of games and economic behavior as mentioned in this paper is the classic work upon which modern-day game theory is based, and it has been widely used to analyze a host of real-world phenomena from arms races to optimal policy choices of presidential candidates, from vaccination policy to major league baseball salary negotiations.
Abstract: This is the classic work upon which modern-day game theory is based. What began more than sixty years ago as a modest proposal that a mathematician and an economist write a short paper together blossomed, in 1944, when Princeton University Press published "Theory of Games and Economic Behavior." In it, John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern conceived a groundbreaking mathematical theory of economic and social organization, based on a theory of games of strategy. Not only would this revolutionize economics, but the entirely new field of scientific inquiry it yielded--game theory--has since been widely used to analyze a host of real-world phenomena from arms races to optimal policy choices of presidential candidates, from vaccination policy to major league baseball salary negotiations. And it is today established throughout both the social sciences and a wide range of other sciences.
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TL;DR: The Economic Institutions of Capitalism as mentioned in this paper is a seminal work in the field of economic institutions of capitalism. Journal of Economic Issues: Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 528-530.
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TL;DR: The psychological principles that govern the perception of decision problems and the evaluation of probabilities and outcomes produce predictable shifts of preference when the same problem is framed in different ways.
Abstract: The psychological principles that govern the perception of decision problems and the evaluation of probabilities and outcomes produce predictable shifts of preference when the same problem is framed in different ways. Reversals of preference are demonstrated in choices regarding monetary outcomes, both hypothetical and real, and in questions pertaining to the loss of human lives. The effects of frames on preferences are compared to the effects of perspectives on perceptual appearance. The dependence of preferences on the formulation of decision problems is a significant concern for the theory of rational choice.
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TL;DR: In this article, a model for the description of rational choice by organisms of limited computational ability is proposed, and the model is used to describe rational choice in organisms with limited computational abilities.
Abstract: : A model is proposed for the description of rational choice by organisms of limited computational ability.
13,457 citations
"The State of the Art in Automated N..." refers background in this paper
...Simon [58, 59, 60, 61, 62] is also a basic assumption of the most microeconomic organizational approaches (extensions of game theory [49, 50, 63], behavioral-decision-theory [60, 73, 74], system-oriented approach [75], principal-agent-theory [48])....
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...Since [58, 59, 60, 61, 62] (concept of bounded rationality) it is common understanding that the assumption of perfect rationality does not fit to reality because of the regularly occurring high complexity in decision problems in conjunction with human cognitive boundaries....
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