The substrate integrated circuits - a new concept for high-frequency electronics and optoelectronics
17 Nov 2003-Vol. 1
TL;DR: Current state-of-the-art of circuit design and implementation platforms based on this new concept are reviewed and discussed in detail and future research and development trends are discussed with reference to low-cost innovative design of millimeter-wave and optoelectronic integrated circuits.
Abstract: A new generation of high-frequency integrated circuits is presented, which is called substrate integrated circuits (SICs). Current state-of-the-art of circuit design and implementation platforms based on this new concept are reviewed and discussed in detail. Different possibilities and numerous advantages of the SICs are shown for microwave, millimeter-wave and optoelectronics applications. Practical examples are illustrated with theoretical and experimental results for substrate integrated waveguide (SIW), substrate integrated slab waveguide (SISW) and substrate integrated nonradiating dielectric (SINRD) guide circuits. Future research and development trends are also discussed with reference to low-cost innovative design of millimeter-wave and optoelectronic integrated circuits.
Citations
More filters
01 Sep 2006
TL;DR: In this article, a new guided wave structure of half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) for microwave and millimeter wave application is proposed for the first time.
Abstract: In this paper, a new guided wave structure of half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) for microwave and millimeter wave application is proposed for the first time. The principle of the HMSIW is described, and its propagation characteristics are simulated and measured. The measured results at microwave and millimeter wave bands show that the attenuation of it is less than that of conventional microstrip and even SIW, but its size is nearly half of a SIW. Thus, we can further compress the size of a microwave or millimeter wave integrated circuit based on this new guided wave structure.
380 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a single-fed low profile cavity backed crossed slot antennas for dual frequency dual linear polarization and circular polarization applications are proposed by employing the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technique in the antenna designs.
Abstract: Single fed low profile cavity backed crossed slot antennas for dual frequency dual linear polarization and circular polarization applications are first presented in this paper. By employing the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technique in the antenna designs, the low profile backed cavity structure can be realized by using only a single layer of low cost printed circuit board (PCB) substrate. A single grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) is employed as the feeding element to excite the TE 120 and TE 210 modes in the SIW cavity. A crossed slot structure is used as the radiating element in order to radiate the desired dual linearly or circularly polarized wave. From the measurement results, it is seen that these novel antennas retain the advantages of conventional metallic cavity backed antennas, including high gain, high front-to-back ratio (FTBR), and low cross polarization level (CPL). Furthermore, the proposed antennas also possess the advantages of low profile, light weight, low fabrication cost, and easy integration with planar circuits.
263 citations
Cites methods from "The substrate integrated circuits -..."
...SIW has been widely employed in microwave components and circuits designs [15], [16]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) 3-dB coupler is proposed, which keeps the good performance of the SIW coupler with nearly a half reduction in size.
Abstract: In the microwave band, substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) couplers take the advantages of low profile, low insertion loss, low interference etc., but suffer from the big size. In this letter, a novel half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) 3-dB coupler is proposed, which keeps the good performance of the SIW coupler with nearly a half reduction in size. Simulated results are in agreement with the measured data
214 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) multibeam antenna is proposed for mobile satellite communications using beam switching and diversity techniques, which employs an SIW Rotman lens as the beamforming network.
Abstract: A new type of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) multibeam antenna is proposed for mobile satellite communications using beam switching and diversity techniques. It employs an SIW Rotman lens as the beamforming network. The prototype of a single multibeam antenna is implemented at 28.5 GHz with seven input ports and an antenna array constructed by nine SIW linear slot arrays, which can generate a corresponding number of beams along one dimension. Several such antennas are grouped in two different ways to cover a 2-D solid angle with multiple beams. Experiment results show that the 2-D solid angle around (-40deg, 40deg) X (-35deg, 35deg) or (-25deg, 25deg) x (-35deg, 35deg) are covered with 20 or 25 beams with 5 -dB beamwidth, respectively. It is demonstrated that this type of printed multibeam antenna is a good choice for communication applications where mobility and high gain are simultaneously required.
202 citations
Cites background from "The substrate integrated circuits -..."
...Recently, some kinds of synthesized waveguides in dielectric substrate, such as substrate integrated waveguides (SIWs) [12]–[15], post-wall waveguides [16], or laminated waveguides [17], [18] were introduced....
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TL;DR: In this paper, three types of compact SIW-PS wide-band bandpass filters are proposed and investigated with simulation and experiment, with low insertion loss and sharp out-of-band characteristics observed from both simulated and measured results.
Abstract: It is known that the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) features high-pass characteristics of the conventional waveguide, and a periodic structure (PS) generally presents bandstop characteristics. Therefore, a super-wide-band bandpass characteristic should be realized by combining some sort of PS into the SIW. In this paper, three types of compact SIW-PS wide-band bandpass filters are proposed and investigated with simulation and experiment. Performances of a super-wide bandpass, for instance, 8.5-16.5 GHz in this case study, with low insertion loss and sharp out-of-band characteristics are observed from both simulated and measured results.
202 citations
Cites background from "The substrate integrated circuits -..."
...Further, such filters exhibit low insertion loss and good selectivity due to the high factor of SIW and the low loss characteristics of periodic structures (UC-EBG and CPW) [1], [4], [ 19 ]....
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...much interest in the design of microwave and millimeter-wave integrated circuits [ 19 ]–[43]....
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...It can also be predicted that the SIW-CPW filter will have a small insertion loss because the SIW has a high factor and the periodic CPW has low insertion loss characteristics [4], [ 19 ]....
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References
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, a planar platform is developed in which the microstrip line and rectangular waveguide are fully integrated on the same substrate, and they are interconnected via a simple taper.
Abstract: Usually transitions from microstrip line to rectangular waveguide are made with three-dimensional complex mounting structures. In this paper, a new planar platform is developed in which the microstrip line and rectangular waveguide are fully integrated on the same substrate, and they are interconnected via a simple taper. Our experiments at 28 GHz show that an effective bandwidth of 12% at 20 dB return loss is obtained with an in-band insertion loss better than 0.3 dB. The new transition allows a complete integration of waveguide components on substrate with MICs and MMICs.
1,631 citations
Additional excerpts
...The resulting structure on the substrate will be a planar waveguide, which has much better loss characteristics than planar counterparts, allowing for the design of millimeter wave high-Q filters, diplexers, resonators and other circuits using a low-cost fabrication technique....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present new concepts that allow for the complete integration of planar circuits and waveguide filters synthesized on a single substrate by means of metallized post (or via-hole) arrays.
Abstract: The integrated planar technique has been considered as a reliable candidate for low-cost mass production of millimeter-wave circuits and systems. This paper presents new concepts that allow for a complete integration of planar circuits and waveguide filters synthesized on a single substrate by means of metallized post (or via-hole) arrays. Analysis of the synthesized integrated waveguide and design criteria are presented for the post pitch and diameter. A filter design method derived from a synthesis technique using inductive post is presented. An experimental three-pole Chebyshev filter having 1-dB insertion loss and return loss better than 17 dB is demonstrated. Integrating such planar and nonplanar circuits on a substrate can significantly reduce size, weight, and cost, and greatly enhance manufacturing repeatability and reliability.
868 citations
"The substrate integrated circuits -..." refers background in this paper
...The whole circuit including planar circuitry, transitions and waveguides can be, however, constructed using standard PCB or other planar processing techniques....
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...At the same time, this scheme can be used to design low-cost highperformance (high-Q) passive circuits such as resonators [6], filters [7], couplers [8], power dividers [9], circulators and antennas [10]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the dispersion properties of the substrate integrated rectangular waveguide (SIRW) were rigorously obtained using the BI-RME method combined with the Floquet's theorem.
Abstract: Dispersion properties of the substrate integrated rectangular waveguide (SIRW) are rigorously obtained using the BI-RME method combined with the Floquet's theorem. Our analysis shows that the SIRW basically has the same guided-wave characteristics as the conventional rectangular waveguide. Empirical equations are derived from the calculated dispersion curves in order to estimate the cutoff frequency of the first two dominant modes of the SIRW To validate the analysis results, an SIRW guide was designed and measured. Very good agreements between the experimental and theoretical results were obtained.
776 citations
"The substrate integrated circuits -..." refers background in this paper
...In addition, the transmission loss of the onsubstrate transitions may be much lower than that of the transitions or coupling sections made between the conventional waveguide and planar circuits....
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TL;DR: In this article, a nonradiative dielectric waveguide is proposed in which dielectic strips are sandwiched between two parallel metal plates separated by a distance smaller than half a wavelength.
Abstract: A nonradiative dielectric waveguide is proposed in which dielectic strips are sandwiched between two parallel metal plates separated by a distance smaller than half a wavelength. Though the structure is substantially the same as that of the H-guide, it is based on a quite different principle of operation. This dielectric guide is particularly applicable in millimeter-wave integrated circuits, since it is not only small in size, but also allows bends and junctions to be incorporated into the circuits with very little radiation and interference. A design diagram is given. Losses and coupling coefficients of the strips are calculated, as well. Some basic circuit components, such as 90° and 180° bends and T-junctions, made of polystyrene strips, are measured to confirm their usefulness in millimeter-wave integrated circuits.
373 citations
01 Oct 2002
TL;DR: In this paper, a new design scheme and measurement results of circuit discontinuities on the basis of the recently proposed substrate integrated waveguide technology are presented, with respect to H-plane step, post resonator, 90° bend and 90° curvature, which are analyzed using an equivalent rectangular waveguide model.
Abstract: This paper presents a new design scheme and measurement results of circuit discontinuities on the basis of the recently proposed substrate integrated waveguide technology. Design considerations are discussed with respect to H-plane step, post resonator, 90° bend and 90° curvature, which are analyzed using an equivalent rectangular waveguide model. Results show a good agreement between design predictions and practical measurements. Loss properties of the discontinuities are also examined. It is demonstrated that the radiation loss of the new substrate integrated waveguide is smaller as compared to dielectric and conductor losses.
259 citations
"The substrate integrated circuits -..." refers background in this paper
...In addition, the transmission loss of the onsubstrate transitions may be much lower than that of the transitions or coupling sections made between the conventional waveguide and planar circuits....
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