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Journal ArticleDOI

The tactile internet: vision, recent progress, and open challenges

TL;DR: Given that scaling up research in the area of future wired and wireless access networks will be essential for the Tactile Internet, this article pays particular attention to the latency and reliability performance gains of fiber-wireless (FiWi) enhanced LTE-Advanced heterogeneous networks and their role for emerging cloudlets, mobile-edge computing, and cloud robotics.
Abstract: The advent of commercially available remote-presence robots may be the precursor of an age of technological convergence, where important tasks of our everyday life will be increasingly done by robots. A very low roundtrip latency in conjunction with ultra-high reliability and essentially guaranteed availability for control communications has the potential to move today’s mobile broadband experience into the new world of the Tactile Internet for a race with (rather than against) machines. To facilitate a better understanding of the Tactile Internet, this article first elaborates on the commonalities and subtle differences between the Tactile Internet and the Internet of Things and 5G vision. After briefly reviewing its anticipated impact on society and infrastructure requirements, we then provide an up-to-date survey of recent progress and enabling technologies proposed for the Tactile Internet. Given that scaling up research in the area of future wired and wireless access networks will be essential for the Tactile Internet, we pay particular attention to the latency and reliability performance gains of fiber-wireless (FiWi) enhanced LTE-Advanced heterogeneous networks and their role for emerging cloudlets, mobile-edge computing, and cloud robotics. Finally, we conclude by outlining remaining open challenges for the Tactile Internet.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Fog computing is not a substitute for cloud computing but a powerful complement as discussed by the authors, which enables processing at the edge while still offering the possibility to interact with the cloud. But it still faces several challenges, such as the distance between the cloud and the end devices.
Abstract: Cloud computing with its three key facets (i.e., Infrastructure-as-a-Service, Platform-as-a-Service, and Software-as-a-Service) and its inherent advantages (e.g., elasticity and scalability) still faces several challenges. The distance between the cloud and the end devices might be an issue for latency-sensitive applications such as disaster management and content delivery applications. Service level agreements (SLAs) may also impose processing at locations where the cloud provider does not have data centers. Fog computing is a novel paradigm to address such issues. It enables provisioning resources and services outside the cloud, at the edge of the network, closer to end devices, or eventually, at locations stipulated by SLAs. Fog computing is not a substitute for cloud computing but a powerful complement. It enables processing at the edge while still offering the possibility to interact with the cloud. This paper presents a comprehensive survey on fog computing. It critically reviews the state of the art in the light of a concise set of evaluation criteria. We cover both the architectures and the algorithms that make fog systems. Challenges and research directions are also introduced. In addition, the lessons learned are reviewed and the prospects are discussed in terms of the key role fog is likely to play in emerging technologies such as tactile Internet.

598 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This exhaustive survey provides insights into the state-of-the-art of IoT enabling and emerging technologies and brings order in the existing literature by classifying contributions according to different research topics.

510 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comprehensive survey on the literature involving blockchain technology applied to smart cities, from the perspectives of smart citizen, smart healthcare, smart grid, smart transportation, supply chain management, and others is provided.
Abstract: In recent years, the rapid urbanization of world’s population causes many economic, social, and environmental problems, which affect people’s living conditions and quality of life significantly. The concept of “smart city” brings opportunities to solve these urban problems. The objectives of smart cities are to make the best use of public resources, provide high-quality services to the citizens, and improve the people’s quality of life. Information and communication technology plays an important role in the implementation of smart cities. Blockchain as an emerging technology has many good features, such as trust-free, transparency, pseudonymity, democracy, automation, decentralization, and security. These features of blockchain are helpful to improve smart city services and promote the development of smart cities. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey on the literature involving blockchain technology applied to smart cities. First, the related works and background knowledge are introduced. Then, we review how blockchain technology is applied in the realm of smart cities, from the perspectives of smart citizen, smart healthcare, smart grid, smart transportation, supply chain management, and others. Finally, some challenges and broader perspectives are discussed.

472 citations


Cites background from "The tactile internet: vision, recen..."

  • ...(H2M) communications by leveraging devices that enable haptic and tactile sensations [270]....

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  • ..., decentralized) service platform architecture is needed to keep the Tactile Internet applications local, close to the users [270]....

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Posted Content
TL;DR: A comprehensive survey on fog computing is presented in this article, which critically reviews the state of the art in the light of a concise set of evaluation criteria and challenges and research directions.
Abstract: Cloud computing with its three key facets (i.e., IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS) and its inherent advantages (e.g., elasticity and scalability) still faces several challenges. The distance between the cloud and the end devices might be an issue for latency-sensitive applications such as disaster management and content delivery applications. Service Level Agreements (SLAs) may also impose processing at locations where the cloud provider does not have data centers. Fog computing is a novel paradigm to address such issues. It enables provisioning resources and services outside the cloud, at the edge of the network, closer to end devices or eventually, at locations stipulated by SLAs. Fog computing is not a substitute for cloud computing but a powerful complement. It enables processing at the edge while still offering the possibility to interact with the cloud. This article presents a comprehensive survey on fog computing. It critically reviews the state of the art in the light of a concise set of evaluation criteria. We cover both the architectures and the algorithms that make fog systems. Challenges and research directions are also introduced. In addition, the lessons learned are reviewed and the prospects are discussed in terms of the key role fog is likely to play in emerging technologies such as Tactile Internet.

450 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This survey provides a holistic overview on the exploitation of MEC technology for the realization of IoT applications and their synergies and discusses the technical aspects of enabling MEC in IoT and provides some insight into various other integration technologies therein.
Abstract: The Internet of Things (IoT) has recently advanced from an experimental technology to what will become the backbone of future customer value for both product and service sector businesses. This underscores the cardinal role of IoT on the journey toward the fifth generation of wireless communication systems. IoT technologies augmented with intelligent and big data analytics are expected to rapidly change the landscape of myriads of application domains ranging from health care to smart cities and industrial automations. The emergence of multi-access edge computing (MEC) technology aims at extending cloud computing capabilities to the edge of the radio access network, hence providing real-time, high-bandwidth, low-latency access to radio network resources. IoT is identified as a key use case of MEC, given MEC’s ability to provide cloud platform and gateway services at the network edge. MEC will inspire the development of myriads of applications and services with demand for ultralow latency and high quality of service due to its dense geographical distribution and wide support for mobility. MEC is therefore an important enabler of IoT applications and services which require real-time operations. In this survey, we provide a holistic overview on the exploitation of MEC technology for the realization of IoT applications and their synergies. We further discuss the technical aspects of enabling MEC in IoT and provide some insight into various other integration technologies therein.

448 citations


Cites background from "The tactile internet: vision, recen..."

  • ...I. Industrial Internet The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), also known as Industry 4.0 [92] is an application of IoT in the domain of manufacturing....

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  • ...ICN is an Internet architecture that puts information at the center where it needs to be and replaces the client-server model by proposing a new publish-subscribe model....

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  • ...IoT systems in general inherit most of the security vulnerabilities commonly found on sensor networks, mobile communication networks and the Internet as a whole....

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  • ...11) AUTOPILOT: AUTOmated driving Progressed by Internet Of Things (Jan 2017 - Dec 2019): Another large scale pilot project funded by EU H2020, AUTOPILOT [207] will deploy, test and demonstrate IoT-based automated driving use cases comprising urban driving, highway pilot, automated valet parking, and platooning....

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  • ...In order to solve this issue, a microdatabase architecture is proposed for the Industrial Internet [87]....

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References
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Book
01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: The Second Machine Age identifies the best strategies for survival and offer a new path to prosperity including revamping education so that it prepares people for the next economy instead of the last one, designing new collaborations that pair brute processing power with human ingenuity, and embracing policies that make sense in a radically transformed landscape.
Abstract: A New York Times Bestseller A revolution is under way In recent years, Googles autonomous cars have logged thousands of miles on American highways and IBMs Watson trounced the best human Jeopardy! players Digital technologieswith hardware, software, and networks at their corewill in the near future diagnose diseases more accurately than doctors can, apply enormous data sets to transform retailing, and accomplish many tasks once considered uniquely human In The Second Machine Age MITs Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfeetwo thinkers at the forefront of their fieldreveal the forces driving the reinvention of our lives and our economy As the full impact of digital technologies is felt, we will realize immense bounty in the form of dazzling personal technology, advanced infrastructure, and near-boundless access to the cultural items that enrich our lives Amid this bounty will also be wrenching change Professions of all kindsfrom lawyers to truck driverswill be forever upended Companies will be forced to transform or die Recent economic indicators reflect this shift: fewer people are working, and wages are falling even as productivity and profits soar Drawing on years of research and up-to-the-minute trends, Brynjolfsson and McAfee identify the best strategies for survival and offer a new path to prosperity These include revamping education so that it prepares people for the next economy instead of the last one, designing new collaborations that pair brute processing power with human ingenuity, and embracing policies that make sense in a radically transformed landscape A fundamentally optimistic book, The Second Machine Age will alter how we think about issues of technological, societal, and economic progress

1,912 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Tactile Internet will become a driver for economic growth and innovation and will help bring a new level of sophistication to societies.
Abstract: Wireless communications today enables us to connect devices and people for an unprecedented exchange of multimedia and data content. The data rates of wireless communications continue to increase, mainly driven by innovation in electronics. Once the latency of communication systems becomes low enough to enable a round-trip delay from terminals through the network back to terminals of approximately 1 ms, an overlooked breakthrough?human tactile to visual feedback control?will change how humans communicate around the world. Using these controls, wireless communications can be the platform for enabling the control and direction of real and virtual objects in many situations of our life. Almost no area of the economy will be left untouched, as this new technology will change health care, mobility, education, manufacturing, smart grids, and much more. The Tactile Internet will become a driver for economic growth and innovation and will help bring a new level of sophistication to societies.

839 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work extends the computation and information sharing capabilities of networked robotics by proposing a cloud robotic architecture that leverages the combination of an ad-hoc cloud formed by machine-to-machine (M2M) communications among participating robots, and an infrastructure cloud enabled by machine/machine communications.
Abstract: We extend the computation and information sharing capabilities of networked robotics by proposing a cloud robotic architecture. The cloud robotic architecture leverages the combination of an ad-hoc cloud formed by machine-to-machine (M2M) communications among participating robots, and an infrastructure cloud enabled by machine-to-cloud (M2C) communications. Cloud robotics utilizes an elastic computing model, in which resources are dynamically allocated from a shared resource pool in the ubiquitous cloud, to support task offloading and information sharing in robotic applications. We propose and evaluate communication protocols, and several elastic computing models to handle different applications. We discuss the technical challenges in computation, communications and security, and illustrate the potential benefits of cloud robotics in different applications.

468 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: With the advent of 5G the authors will have the opportunity to leapfrog beyond current Internet capabilities, as potential capabilities of the Internet have not yet been fully exploited by cellular systems.
Abstract: Cellular technology has dramatically changed our society and the way we communicate. First it impacted voice telephony, and then has been making inroads into data access, applications, and services. However, today potential capabilities of the Internet have not yet been fully exploited by cellular systems. With the advent of 5G we will have the opportunity to leapfrog beyond current Internet capabilities.

299 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors comprehensively review the most prominent existing and novel M2M radio technologies, as well as share their first-hand real-world deployment experiences, with the goal to provide a unified insight into enabling machine-to-machine architectures, unique technology features, expected performance, and related standardization developments.
Abstract: This article addresses the market-changing phenomenon of the Internet of Things (IoT), which relies on the underlying paradigm of machine-to-machine (M2M) communications to integrate a plethora of various sensors, actuators, and smart meters across a wide spectrum of businesses. Today the M2M landscape features an extreme diversity of available connectivity solutions which, due to the enormous economic promise of the IoT, need to be harmonized across multiple industries. To this end, we comprehensively review the most prominent existing and novel M2M radio technologies, as well as share our first-hand real-world deployment experiences, with the goal to provide a unified insight into enabling M2M architectures, unique technology features, expected performance, and related standardization developments. We pay particular attention to the cellular M2M sector employing 3GPP LTE technology. This work is a systematic recollection of our many recent research, industrial, entrepreneurial, and standardization efforts within the contemporary M2M ecosystem.

279 citations