Book•
The theory and practice of group psychotherapy
01 Jan 1970-
TL;DR: Yalom as mentioned in this paper described the course of therapy from both the patient's and the therapist's viewpoint in Encounter Groups: First Facts (1973) and Every Day gets a Little Closer: A Twice-Told Therapy (1974).
Abstract: This book first appeared in 1970 and has gone into two further editions, one in 1975 and this one in 1985. Yalom is also the author of Existential Psychotherapy (1980), In-patient Group Psychotherapy (1983), the co-author with Lieberman of Encounter Groups: First Facts (1973) and with Elkin of Every Day Gets a Little Closer: A Twice-Told Therapy (1974) (which recounts the course of therapy from the patient's and the therapist's viewpoint). The present book is the central work of the set and seems to me the most substantial. It is also one of the most readable of his works because of its straightforward style and the liberal use of clinical examples.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the fusion of locally inspired expression with dance/movement therapy improvisation facilitated recovery in a group of boy combatants in Sierra Leone, where they used symbolization, ceremony, and verbal and nonverbal among war-affected children.
Abstract: Western treatment protocols for psychological trauma often prescribe recitation of narratives, despite evidence that the human brain's storage of traumatic memories undermines verbalization. Creative arts therapists overcome this paradox in trauma recovery through nonlinguistic communication. Ethnographic research among holistic groups that rely on cultural rites, rather than words, as instruments of healing in the wake of massive violence can enrich creative arts approaches. Relevant case material, analyzed with reference to theories of ritual structure, is used to illustrate the interplay of symbolization, ceremony, and the verbal and nonverbal among war-affected children from the developing world. Included is the author's venture into psychological syncretism in Sierra Leone. There, the fusion of locally inspired expression with dance/movement therapy improvisation facilitated recovery in a group of boy combatants.
67 citations
TL;DR: The goals of this study are to review some of the study design issues with regard to hierarchically nested and longitudinal data, discuss MLMs for assessing and handling dependence in data, and present a guide for developing a three-level growth MLM that is appropriate for group treatment data, design, and research questions.
Abstract: Researchers have known for years about the negative impact on Type I error rates caused by dependencies in hierarchically nested and longitudinal data. Despite this, group treatment researchers do not consistently use methods such as multilevel models (MLMs) to assess dependence and appropriately analyse their nested data. The goals of this study are to review some of the study design issues with regard to hierarchically nested and longitudinal data, discuss MLMs for assessing and handling dependence in data, and present a guide for developing a three-level growth MLM that is appropriate for group treatment data, design, and research questions. The authors present an example from group treatment research to illustrate these issues and methods.
67 citations
Cites background from "The theory and practice of group ps..."
...However, these statistical issues must be considered within the clinical requirements of the minimum number of individuals per group necessary to achieve desired group processes and clinical outcomes (Yalom & Leszcz, 2005 )....
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TL;DR: Understanding that the therapeutic factors inherent in 12-step are not mysterious, but appear to capitalize on well-documented social learning principles, may increase the acceptance of 12- step programs among addiction and mental health professionals.
Abstract: Although research on the effectiveness of 12-step group participation has been increasing, there has been little examination of the processes by which such participation leads to positive outcomes....
66 citations
TL;DR: Overall, the findings indicate that DTR participation has both direct and indirect effects on several important components of recovery: drug/alcohol abstinence, psychiatric medication adherence, self-efficacy for recovery, and quality of life.
Abstract: Over 5 million adults in the United States have a co-occurring substance use disorder and serious psychological distress. Mutual aid (self-help) can usefully complement treatment, but people with co-occurring substance use and psychiatric disorders often encounter a lack of empathy and acceptance in traditional mutual aid groups. Double Trouble in Recovery (DTR) is a dual focus fellowship whose mission is to bring the benefits of mutual aid to persons recovering from co-occurring disorders. An evaluation of DTR was conducted by interviewing 310 persons attending 24 DTR meetings in New York City (NYC) in 1998 and following them up for 2 years, in 1999 and 2000. The evaluation produced 13 articles in 12 peer-reviewed journals, the main results of which are summarized here. The sample's characteristics were as follows: mean age, 40 years; women, 28%; black, 59%; white, 25%; Hispanic, 14%; never married, 63%; live in supported community residence, 53%; high school graduate or GED, 60%; arrested as adult, 63%; diagnoses of: schizophrenia, 39%; major depression, 21%; or bipolar disorder, 20%; currently prescribed psychiatric medication, 92%; primary substance used, current or past: cocaine/crack, 42%; alcohol 34%; or heroin, 11%. Overall, the findings indicate that DTR participation has both direct and indirect effects on several important components of recovery: drug/alcohol abstinence, psychiatric medication adherence, self-efficacy for recovery, and quality of life. The study also identified several "common" therapeutic factors (e.g., internal motivation and social support) and unique mutual aid processes (helper-therapy and reciprocal learning) that mediate the influence of DTR participation on recovery. For clinicians, these results underline the importance of fostering stable affiliation with specialized dual focus 12-step groups for their patients with co-occurring disorders, as part of a comprehensive recovery-oriented treatment approach.
66 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a group treatment approach that discouraged repetitive disclosure about the history of abuse and that used holistic, integrative, and alternative healing approaches such as prayer, meditation, yoga, creative visualization, and art therapy was designed.
Abstract: Little is known about the course of recovery or healing from intimate partner violence. Shelter-based interventions are limited and frequently end before traumatized women can adequately reconstruct social and personal identity. Based on the belief that healing from relationship violence is a social, spiritual, cultural, and psychological process, we designed a group treatment approach that discouraged repetitive disclosure about the history of abuse and that used holistic, integrative, and alternative healing approaches such as prayer, meditation, yoga, creative visualization, and art therapy. Structured interviews and focus groups were used to engage the women in articulating a conceptualization of healing from domestic violence. The Post-traumatic Checklist was used as a pre and posttest measure to assess the group's effectiveness. Positive quantitative and qualitative results were obtained and are presented. Implications for further research are also discussed.
66 citations