Book•
The theory and practice of group psychotherapy
01 Jan 1970-
TL;DR: Yalom as mentioned in this paper described the course of therapy from both the patient's and the therapist's viewpoint in Encounter Groups: First Facts (1973) and Every Day gets a Little Closer: A Twice-Told Therapy (1974).
Abstract: This book first appeared in 1970 and has gone into two further editions, one in 1975 and this one in 1985. Yalom is also the author of Existential Psychotherapy (1980), In-patient Group Psychotherapy (1983), the co-author with Lieberman of Encounter Groups: First Facts (1973) and with Elkin of Every Day Gets a Little Closer: A Twice-Told Therapy (1974) (which recounts the course of therapy from the patient's and the therapist's viewpoint). The present book is the central work of the set and seems to me the most substantial. It is also one of the most readable of his works because of its straightforward style and the liberal use of clinical examples.
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TL;DR: A model of psychotherapy is presented that stipulates various aspects that involve uniquely human characteristics and central to this model is patient acquisition of an adaptive explanation of his or her difficulties.
Abstract: Although it is well established that psychotherapy is remarkably effective, the change process in psychotherapy is not well understood. Psychotherapy is compared with medicine and cultural healing practices to argue that critical aspects of psychotherapy involve human processes that are used in religious, spiritual, and cultural healing practices. A model of psychotherapy is presented that stipulates various aspects that involve uniquely human characteristics. Central to this model is patient acquisition of an adaptive explanation of his or her difficulties. Finally, the research evidence for this model is presented.
326 citations
Cites background from "The theory and practice of group ps..."
...Yalom (1995) succinctly summarized the importance of explanation: The unexplained—especially the fearful unexplained—cannot be tolerated for long....
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TL;DR: It is suggested that CBT or sertraline is more likely to be effective in treating MDD in MS compared with supportive group treatments, and this results were largely supported by the BDI-18, which eliminates BDI items confounded with MS.
Abstract: This study compared the efficacy of 3 16-week treatments for depression in 63 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and major depressive disorder (MDD): individual cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), supportive-expressive group therapy (SEG). and the antidepressant sertraline. Significant reductions were seen from pre- to posttreatment in all measures of depression. Intent-to-treat and completers analyses using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI; A. T. Beck, C. H. Ward. M. Medelson. J. Mock, & J. Erbaugh, 1961) and MDD diagnosis found that CBT and sertraline were more effective than SEG at reducing depression. These results were largely supported by the BDI-18, which eliminates BDI items confounded with MS. However, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (M. Hamilton, 1960) did not show consistent differences between treatments. Reasons for this inconsistency are discussed. These findings suggest that CBT or sertraline is more likely to be effective in treating MDD in MS compared with supportive group treatments.
324 citations
Cites background from "The theory and practice of group ps..."
...Interpersonal group processes described by Yalom (1995) are fostered and used as a vehicle for change....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors address the importance of gender in terms of program design and delivery and describe the context for the development of effective gender-responsive programming for women using the pathways theory of women's criminality.
Abstract: SUMMARY As the number of women under correctional supervision continues to increase, there is an emerging awareness that women offenders present different issues than their male counterparts. This paper addresses the importance of gender in terms of program design and delivery and describes the context for the development of effective gender-responsive programming for women. Using the pathways theory of women's criminality, the elements that should be considered in women's treatment and services are addressed, such as: program environment/culture, staff competencies, theoretical foundation, treatment modalities, reentry issues, and collaboration. The content of gender-responsive programming that integrates substance abuse and trauma services is also discussed.
320 citations
Cites background from "The theory and practice of group ps..."
...Group members begin to realize that feelings are not always overwhelming and that the imagined negative consequences of releasing these feelings do not occur ( Yalom, 1995 )....
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...Support and emotional warmth provide the psychological glue that encourages risk-taking for self-disclosure ( Yalom, 1995 )....
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...The group can then offer the suggestion of new possibilities for feeling, perceiving, and behaving ( Yalom, 1995 )....
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TL;DR: The evidence is sufficient to warrant the implementation of strategies designed to improve the level of teamwork and collaboration among staff members in intensive care units.
Abstract: • BACKGROUND Links between teamwork and outcomes have been established in a number of fields Investigations into this link in healthcare have yielded equivocal results • OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between the level of self-identified teamwork in the intensive care unit and patients’ outcomes • METHOD A total of 394 staff members of 17 intensive care units completed the Group Development Questionnaire and a demographic survey The questionnaire is a reliable and valid measure of team development and effectiveness Each unit’s predicted and actual mortality rates for the month in which data were collected were obtained Pearson product moment correlations and analyses of variance were used to analyze the data • RESULTS Staff members of units with mortality rates that were lower than predicted perceived their teams as functioning at higher stages of group development They perceived their team members as less dependent and more trusting than did staff members of units with mortality rates that were higher than predicted Staff members of high-performing units also perceived their teams as more structured and organized than did staff members of lower-performing units • CONCLUSIONS The results of this study and others establish a link between teamwork and patients’ outcomes in intensive care units The evidence is sufficient to warrant the implementation of strategies designed to improve the level of teamwork and collaboration among staff members in intensive care units (American Journal of Critical Care 2003;12:527-534)
312 citations
308 citations
Cites background from "The theory and practice of group ps..."
...Ironically, despite their increased need for psychological treatment, people who keep secrets in therapy are less likely to receive help for their problems (Hill et al,, 1993; Kline, 1986; Stiles, 1987; Yalom, 1985)....
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