Book•
The theory and practice of group psychotherapy
01 Jan 1970-
TL;DR: Yalom as mentioned in this paper described the course of therapy from both the patient's and the therapist's viewpoint in Encounter Groups: First Facts (1973) and Every Day gets a Little Closer: A Twice-Told Therapy (1974).
Abstract: This book first appeared in 1970 and has gone into two further editions, one in 1975 and this one in 1985. Yalom is also the author of Existential Psychotherapy (1980), In-patient Group Psychotherapy (1983), the co-author with Lieberman of Encounter Groups: First Facts (1973) and with Elkin of Every Day Gets a Little Closer: A Twice-Told Therapy (1974) (which recounts the course of therapy from the patient's and the therapist's viewpoint). The present book is the central work of the set and seems to me the most substantial. It is also one of the most readable of his works because of its straightforward style and the liberal use of clinical examples.
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TL;DR: It is suggested that the literature may overstate the efficacy of group interventions and imply that it will be important to study why groups create dependencies, and how researchers can address this concern.
Abstract: Group-administered interventions often create statistical dependencies, which, if ignored, increase the rate of Type I errors. The authors analyzed data from two randomized trials involving group interventions to document the impact of statistical dependency on tests of intervention effects and to provide estimates of statistical dependency. Intraclass correlations ranged from .02 to .12. Adjusting for dependencies increased p values for the tests of intervention effects. The increase in the p values depended on the magnitude of the statistical dependence and available degrees of freedom. Results suggest that the literature may overstate the efficacy of group interventions and imply that it will be important to study why groups create dependencies. The authors discuss how dependencies impact statistical power and how researchers can address this concern.
50 citations
Cites background from "The theory and practice of group ps..."
...Rather, within-group dependence likely reflects psychological and social processes central to group-based interventions (Yalom & Leszcz, 2005 )....
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TL;DR: Overall, the CDSMC was viewed as a valuable source of new skills and a reminder of previously learned self-management skills, particularly in the context of managing fatigue, and Gender differences emerged.
Abstract: A lay-led, community-based intervention, the Chronic Disease Self-Management Course (CDSMC) is effective for a range of long-term health conditions (e.g. arthritis, heart disease). However, the perceived value and experience of the CDSMC for people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has not been examined. The present qualitative study addressed this omission. Ten participants with MS (7 female; age range 35 to 60 years; disease duration 4 to 19 years) were interviewed before attending the CDSMC and at 4-month follow-up. Data were analysed using Framework Analysis. Some participants learned new self-management techniques and reported enhanced confidence (self-efficacy), whereas other participants were already confident in their self-management ability and found the CDSMC acted as a reminder of techniques previously used. Relaxation, pacing, and goal setting were particularly valuable for managing fatigue. Goal setting helped some participants to build confidence. Participants valued meeting similar others including those with different conditions. The CDSMC was an opportunity for social comparison and inspirational role modelling. Improvements to the CDSMC were suggested, including the addition of specific MS information. Overall, the CDSMC was viewed as a valuable source of new skills and a reminder of previously learned self-management skills, particularly in the context of managing fatigue. Gender differences emerged.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this article, instructors associated with 82 master's-level counseling group psychotherapy training courses were surveyed in an attempt to better determine current training practices and student outcomes, and the experience of dual-role dilemmas and problems related to attendance, student performance, inappropriate self-disclosure, and/or perceived violations of confidentiality were recorded.
Abstract: Instructors associated with 82 master's-level counseling group psychotherapy training courses were surveyed in an attempt to better determine current training practices and student outcomes. The experience of dual-role dilemmas and problems related to attendance, student performance, inappropriate self-disclosure, and/or perceived violations of confidentiality were recorded. Results suggest: (1) counseling programs continue to utilize experiential groups roughly 90% of the time; (2) an increased appreciation for the potential for dual-role dilemmas and negative student experiences to occur; and, (3) a relatively modest frequency of problematic student real-world outcomes. Implications, limitations, and recommendations based upon these findings are discussed.
50 citations
TL;DR: A postoperative psychotherapy group process designed specifically for gastric bypass patients with compulsive eating problems is described, which is a highly effective intervention but must be designed for the special needs of these patients.
Abstract: Background: The prevalence of both compulsive eating patterns (bingeing and "grazing") and psychosocial distress and/or psychiatric co-morbidity in patients seeking bariatric surgery has been documented. While surgery is often seen as the solution, research has shown that these problems can persist postoperatively and may adversely affect outcome. This paper will describe a postoperative psychotherapy group process designed specifically for gastric bypass patients. Methods: A semi-structured cognitive-behavioral group therapy program adapted from a treatment program for compulsive eaters was designed for patients who had been identified (by questionnaire and clinical interview) as having compulsive eating problems before surgery. Therapy addresses eating patterns as well as the emotional adjustments following surgery. Results: 16 12-week therapy groups have been conducted to date. The groups are small and designed to help patients understand the stages of postoperative adjustment and the tasks, both eating-related and psychological, associated with each stage. Feedback from participants has been very positive with patients reporting the need for a therapy group in addition to the traditional support group. Conclusion: Since both disturbed eating patterns and psychological difficulties are seen following surgery, it is imperative that treatment programs be developed to address these issues. The group process is a highly effective intervention but must be designed for the special needs of these patients. Measures of success need to take psycho-social factors into account as well as eating behaviors and weight loss. Outcome studies are needed to compare those receiving treatment vs those who do not.
50 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that internet‐based psychosocial treatments, with notable limitations, are feasible for increasing the impact of psychossocial care.
Abstract: Many well-designed studies have shown psychosocial treatments for cancer to be efficacious for improving patients' quality of life, but the actual impact of these treatments may be limited by low rates of participation. Web-based treatment formats could improve effectiveness by increasing availability and accessibility. Two phases of a feasibility study are reported in this article. In the first phase, we sought to assess internet access and perceived interest in online support among 136 women with breast cancer (June-October, 1999). Levels of interest in participating in an online psychosocial treatment were associated with age, outcome expectancy, and barriers to using the internet but not stage or time since diagnosis. In the second phase, we document accrual rates among several methods of recruitment during a randomized trial (February-December, 2001) and report changes over time in internet access. Recruitment rates were substantially higher when a study representative was available in clinic to provide information about the treatment than for all other methods of recruitment. Access to the internet increased between 1999 (63%) and 2001 (70%) and varied across age groups. These results suggest that internet-based psychosocial treatments, with notable limitations, are feasible for increasing the impact of psychosocial care.
50 citations