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The theory of transformations in metals and alloys
01 Jan 1965-
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a general introduction to the theory of transformation kinetics of real metals, including the formation and evolution of martensitic transformations, as well as a theory of dislocations.
Abstract: Part I General introduction. Formal geometry of crystal lattices. The theory of reaction rates. The thermodynamics of irreversable processes. The structure of real metals. Solids solutions. The theory of dislocations. Polycrystalline aggregates. Diffusion in the solid state. The classical theory of nucleation. Theory of thermally activated growth. Formal theory of transformation kinetics. Part II Growth from the vapour phase. Solidification and melting. Polymorphic Changes. Precipitation from supersaturated solid solution. Eutectoidal transformations. Order-disorder transformations. Recovery recrystalisation and grain growth. Deformation twinning. Characteristics of martensic transformations. Crystallography of martensitic transformations. Kinetics of martensitic transformations. Rapid solidification. Bainite steels. Shape memory alloys.
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TL;DR: In this article, the Fe-B system has been reassessed in order to model metastable and amorphous phases, and an excess specific heat term has been added to describe Gibbs free energy of the liquid phase on undercooling and glass transition has been considered as a second-order transition.
45 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of structural changes such as structural relaxation and crystallization on the corrosion resistance of the amorphous Fe74Cu1Nb3Si13.5B8.5 alloy in 0.1M sulphuric acid was investigated.
Abstract: The influence of structural changes such as structural relaxation and crystallization on the corrosion resistance of the amorphous Fe74Cu1Nb3Si13.5B8.5 alloy in 0.1M sulphuric acid was investigated. A controlled crystallization of such amorphous alloy leads to nanocrystalline microstructure which increases the corrosion resistance, whereas structural relaxation of amorphous alloy results in reduced corrosion resistance. Different conditions of relaxation (330°C and 380°C) and structural crystallization (554°C and 610°C) were analyzed.
45 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, displacive models for bainite transformation have been validated in bainitic steels with different silicon content, with the aim of evaluating their applicability on steels where cementite precipitation may play an important role on Bainite formation.
Abstract: Several kinetic models for bainite transformation have been widely applied in industry and research. The majority of these models, that do not consider the effect of cementite precipitation during bainite transformation, were validated in high silicon bainitic steels in order to avoid the interference of cementite precipitation during bainite formation. In this work, displacive models for bainite transformation have been validated in bainitic steels with different silicon content with the aim of evaluating their applicability on steels where cementite precipitation may play an important role on bainite formation. It has been found that these models fail in the calculus of the maximum volume fraction of bainite of lean silicon steels, but lead to a reasonable accuracy in high silicon steels. This is not surprising since cementite formation reduces the carbon content in the residual austenite, stimulating the formation of a further quantity of ferrite. Likewise, an imprecise estimation of the nucleation rate of bainite must be the reason for the poor correlation in the predictions of the bainite transformation kinetics in high silicon steels. This entails a better treatment of autocatalytic nucleation, still unresolved issue in the bainite transformation kinetics theory. [doi:10.2320/matertrans.47.1492]
45 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an interpretation of the Scheil's additivity rule for steels is proposed and its properties are studied, and a stable numerical discretization scheme is proposed.
45 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a survey of exsolution-derived microstructures developed in titanomagnetites is presented, which consist of a three-dimensional lamellar framework of ulvospinel, separating magnetite-enriched blocks.
45 citations