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The theory of transformations in metals and alloys
J.W. Christian,H. M. Otte +1 more
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors present a general introduction to the theory of transformation kinetics of real metals, including the formation and evolution of martensitic transformations, as well as a theory of dislocations.Abstract:
Part I General introduction. Formal geometry of crystal lattices. The theory of reaction rates. The thermodynamics of irreversable processes. The structure of real metals. Solids solutions. The theory of dislocations. Polycrystalline aggregates. Diffusion in the solid state. The classical theory of nucleation. Theory of thermally activated growth. Formal theory of transformation kinetics. Part II Growth from the vapour phase. Solidification and melting. Polymorphic Changes. Precipitation from supersaturated solid solution. Eutectoidal transformations. Order-disorder transformations. Recovery recrystalisation and grain growth. Deformation twinning. Characteristics of martensic transformations. Crystallography of martensitic transformations. Kinetics of martensitic transformations. Rapid solidification. Bainite steels. Shape memory alloys.read more
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Determination of isothermal transformation diagrams for sigma-phase formation in cast duplex stainless steels CD3MN and CD3MWCuN
Abstract: Work was undertaken to establish reliable time-temperature-transformation (TTT) diagrams for the cast duplex stainless steels CD3MN and CD3MWCuN. The latter contains higher Cr, Ni, and Mo contents compared to the former. The TTT diagrams for sigma-phase formation in both alloys were developed based on quantitative metallography results from optical and scanning electron microscopy. The kinetics of sigma-phase were found to be much faster in CD3MWCuN alloys than in CD3MN. An Avrami analysis was employed to assess transformation characteristics and to refine the TTT diagram determination. Theoretical prediction of phase equilibria using the thermodynamic software package ThermoCalc was compared to the amount of sigma phase observed experimentally from long-term heat treatments. The constructed TTT diagrams of the cast alloys were compared to wrought counterpart alloys.
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A new physical model for the kinetics of the bainite transformation
TL;DR: In this paper, a model of the bainite reaction is presented that takes into account the effect of very small austenite grain size on the transformation of bainites.
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Study on properties of copper-containing austenitic antibacterial stainless steel
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of different solution temperature and ageing temperature on the antibacterial and mechanical properties of antibacterial stainless steels with different copper contents was studied in the presence of different solutions.
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Additional X-ray and electron diffraction peaks of polycrystalline silicon films
TL;DR: In this article, X-ray and electron diffraction measurements with as-grown, implanted and annealed silicon films prepared by chemical vapour deposition are used to reveal additional diffraction peaks, as yet unidentified, which are characteristic of polycrystalline silicon films.
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Isothermal Martensitic Transformation in a 12Cr-9Ni-4Mo-2Cu Stainless Steel in applied Magnetic Fields
D. San Martín,K.W.P. Aarts,Pedro E.J. Rivera-Díaz-del-Castillo,N.H. van Dijk,E.H. Brück,S. van der Zwaag +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, an in situ study of the isothermal formation of martensite in a stainless steel under the influence of magnetic fields up to 9 T at three different temperatures (213, 233 and 253 K).