The wear of sintered aluminium powder (SAP) under conditions of vibrational contact

TL;DR: In this paper, the wear of sintered aluminium powder (SAP) against SAP in nitrogen gas and in liquid terphenyl was investigated, and it was found that adhesion and metal transfer take place irrespective of the nature of the vibration pattern applied.

Abstract: Equipment to be used in the study of wear under conditions of vibrational contact, at temperatures up to 450°C has been designed. The following vibration patterns may be applied: 1. (i) torsional vibration in the plane of contact (fretting), 2. (ii) vibration normal to the plane of contact, 3. (iii) a combination of i and ii. The results concern the wear of sintered aluminium powder (SAP) against SAP in nitrogen gas and in liquid terphenyl. It was found that adhesion and metal transfer take place, irrespective of the nature of the vibration pattern applied. When either torsional or normal vibration was applied, volume loss was low. However, a combination of both vibrations led to a very pronounced increase in wear, which can be explained in terms formation and removal of wear debris. The influences of surrounding medium, temperature and normal loading were studied.

Summary

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• Published: 01/01/1964 Document Version: Publisher’s PDF, also known as Version of Record (includes final page, issue and volume numbers).
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• The results concern the wear of sintered aluminium powder (SAP) against SAP in nitrogen gas and in liquid terphenyl.
• Die folgenden Vibrationsbedingungen konnen angelegt werden: (i) Torsionale Vibration in der Beriihnmgsflache (Bedingung unter welcher Passungsrost entstehen kann) , (ii) Vibration normal zur Beriihrungsflache, (iii) Kombination von i und ii.
• In the unit in the foreground the pressure vessel has been removed; the specimen assembly A can be seen.
• For the range of LIP values involved, the stroke S of the upper specimen decreases linearly with increasing A$, while both the maximum value of the load upon the specimens, L max, and that part of the cycle of vibration during which contact between the specimens takes place, to, increase linearly.

RLOCH3.

• The results of experiments performed in nitrogen and in terphenyl under the conditions of vibration described in the preceding section (viz. those relevant to Fig. IO), are given first.
• The influence of the surrounding mediwn and temfieratthe authors Owing to the fact that deformation took place under the normal load, the torsional vibration caused slip in the contact region.
• The values of the total volume loss given in Table II were calculated from the diameters of the circular wear scars formed.
• It was found that the amount of wear is dependent on whether nitrogen or terphenyl surrounds the specimens, the wear in terphenyl being somewhat greater than the wear in nitrogen.

EXPERIMENTS PERFORMED UNDER CONDITIONS OF COMBINED NORMAL AND TORSIONAL VIBRATION

• Fig. 14. Contact region on the surface of a lower specimen worn against an originally spherical upper specimen in terphenyl under combined vibration conditions (A$ = 2 kg/cm*).
• From Table IV it is seen that when only normal vibration is applied, volume loss is very low in comparison with the values observed under conditions of combined vibration.
• Metal transfer still took place, resulting in roughening of the contact area (Fig. 16).

EXPERIMENTS PERFORMED IN TERPHENYL AT 135’C UNDER CONDITIONS OF TORSIONAL VIBRATION

• Tables IV and V show that under normal as well as under torsional vibration conditions, volume loss increases exponentially with increasing Ofi.
• The observed dramatic increase in wear when torsional and normal vibration are superimposed, is once more illustrated in Fig. 18, in which wear is expanded on a logarithmic scale.
• Moreover, the removal of loose wear debris must be stimulated.
• This is probably due to the fact that a liquid carries away wear debris more easily than a gas.

Figures

Fig. IO. Simul~neously recorded diagrams: (a) torsional amplitude as a function of time; (b) normal amplitude as a function of time; (c) normal load as a function of time. Oscilloscope deflection, zV/cm; Oscilloscope sweep rate, IO msec/cm.

Figure 13 shows the circular contact area of a lower specimen worn against a spherical upper specimen in nitrogen. The surface of the SAP is considerably roughened due to mutual metal transfer (see below).

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