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The x-ray identification and crystal structures of clay minerals

01 Jan 1961-
About: The article was published on 1961-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 966 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Clay minerals.
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The ionic interaction between the anionic group of a surfactant and the cationic organic group of an organosilane under acidic conditions was utilized to create a layeredorganosilica at room temperature and the structure was well retained during the intercalation processes.

23 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a confined aquifer system has developed in argillaceous marine and freshwater sediments of Pliocene-Holocene age in the northeastern Osaka Basin (NEOB) in central Japan.

23 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the separation of surface and sub-surface sediment samples from the southwestern Barents Sea is described and the major and minor elements within the different grain-size fractions of the sediment and between detrital and non-detrital phases demonstrate that the clay chemistry of oxic shelf sediments is terrigenous in origin.

23 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, two clay-rich coastal sediment samples have been characterised together with three pure clays identified as major components of the sediment samples, and their bulk properties measured (organic carbon content, leachable iron and manganese, surface area and cation exchange capacity).
Abstract: Two clay-rich coastal sediment samples have been characterised together with three pure clays identified as major components of the sediment samples. The mineralogy of the sediments was determined by X-ray diffraction, and their bulk properties measured (organic carbon content, leachable iron and manganese, surface area and cation exchange capacity). A simple approach is used to model the properties of the sediments from those of their pure clay components. Good agreement is found for cation exchange capacity and specific surface area indicating that the clay minerals are the most important constituents influencing the sediments' surface properties. Particle size distributions were assessed by conventional grain size analysis, and also by Sedimentation Field-Flow Fractionation (SedFFF). These two approaches yield sharply differing size distributions; in particular, conventional grainsize analysis indicates a much greater proportion of submicron particles. Similar results are obtained from analysis of pure clays. The most likely reason for this is artifacts introduced in the unavoidable 1 μm prefractionation used for SedFFF.

23 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, X-ray powder diffraction patterns of kaolinites have been studied with especial reference to the region of the 02, 11, 11 band with a focus on the region in which the disorder between and within layers of a kaolinite can be detected.
Abstract: X-ray powder diffraction pattern_s of kaolinites have been studied with especial reference to the region of the 02, 11, 11 band. Satisfactory correlations with calculated patterns based on the layer structure of dickite can be achieved for a range of kaolinites if account is taken of disorder between and within layers. Some indication of the amount of disorder within a kaolinite can be obtained.

23 citations