Book ChapterDOI
The Z-Number Enigma: A Study through an Experiment
Romi Banerjee,Sankar K. Pal +1 more
- pp 71-88
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TLDR
The probable contributions of the Z-number to CWW are enlisted, the algorithm for CWW is presented, the interpretation of the set-theoretic intersection operator is extended to evaluate the intersection of perceptions, and some of the challenges underlying the implementation of theZ-number are discovered.Abstract:
The Z-number, proposed by Zadeh in the year 2011, is a new fuzzy-theoretic approach to the Computing With Words (CWW) paradigm. It aspires to capture the uncertainty of information conveyed by a sentence, and serve as a model for the precisiation and linguistic summarization of a natural language statement. The Z-number thereby, lends a new dimension to CWW – uniting CWW with Natural Language Processing (NLP). This article is an illumination upon our exploration of the Z-number approach to CWW. Here, we enlist the probable contributions of the Z-number to CWW, present our algorithm for CWW using the Z-number, and describe a simulation of the technique with respect to a real-life example of CWW. In the course of the simulation, we extend the interpretation of the set-theoretic intersection operator to evaluate the intersection of perceptions and discover some of the challenges underlying the implementation of the Z-number in the area of CWW.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The arithmetic of discrete Z-numbers
TL;DR: In this article, the main critical problem that naturally arises in processing Z-number-based information is computation with Z-numbers, which is a more adequate concept for description of real-world information.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Method Based on Distance Measure and Choquet Integral for Linguistic Z-Numbers
TL;DR: An extended TODIM method based on the Choquet integral for multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems with linguistic Z-numbers is developed, which is a more comprehensive reflection of the decision-makers’ cognition but also is more in line with expression habits.
Journal ArticleDOI
The arithmetic of continuous Z-numbers
TL;DR: This work developed basic arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, and some algebraic operations as maximum, minimum, square and square root of continuous Z-numbers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Approximate Reasoning on a Basis of Z -Number-Valued If–Then Rules
TL;DR: A new approach is developed to study approximate reasoning with Zadeh rules on a basis of linear interpolation to provide an application of the approach to job satisfaction evaluation and to students’ educational achievement evaluation problems related to psychological and perceptual issues naturally characterized by imperfect information.
Journal ArticleDOI
On computing generalized Hukuhara differences of Z-numbers
Dong Qiu,Haihuan Jiang,Yan Yu +2 more
References
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Book
Perceptual Computing: Aiding People in Making Subjective Judgments
Jerry M. Mendel,Dongrui Wu +1 more
TL;DR: Perceptual Computing explains how to implement CWW to aid in the important area of making subjective judgments, using a methodology that propagates random and linguistic uncertainties into the subjective judgment in a way that can be modeled and observed by the judgment maker.
Journal ArticleDOI
A New Direction in AI: Toward a Computational Theory of Perceptions
TL;DR: Fast-forward (FF) as mentioned in this paper was the most successful automatic planner in the Fifth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Planning and Scheduling (AIPS '00) planning systems competition, which relies on forward search in the state space guided by a heuristic that estimates goal distances by ignoring delete lists.
Book ChapterDOI
A New Direction in AI - Toward a Computational Theory of Perceptions
TL;DR: Perceptions are f-granular, meaning that the boundaries of perceived classes are unsharp; and the values of attributes are granulated, with a granule being a clump of values drawn together by indistinguishability, similarity, proximity, and functionality.
Journal ArticleDOI
Computing With Words Is an Implementable Paradigm: Fuzzy Queries, Linguistic Data Summaries, and Natural-Language Generation
Janusz Kacprzyk,Sawomir Zadrozny +1 more
TL;DR: This paper presents crucial elements of CWW, in particular Zadeh's protoforms, and indicates their power and stress a need to develop new tools to handle more modalities, and presents the approach to linguistic data(base) summaries, which is a very intuitive and human-consistent natural-language-based knowledge-discovery tool.
Journal ArticleDOI
Precisiated natural language (PNL)
TL;DR: The conceptual structure of PNL is described in greater detail, and PNL's role in knowledge representation, deduction, and concept definition is outlined and illustrated by examples.