Theory and phenomenology of two-Higgs-doublet models
TL;DR: In this article, theoretical and phenomenological aspects of two-Higgs-doublet extensions of the Standard Model are discussed and a careful study of spontaneous CP violation is presented, including an analysis of the conditions which have to be satisfied in order for a vacuum to violate CP.
About: This article is published in Physics Reports.The article was published on 2012-07-01 and is currently open access. It has received 2395 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Strong CP problem & CP violation.
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Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics1, Niigata University2, CERN3, University of Connecticut4, Leiden University5, Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute6, Federico Santa María Technical University7, University of California, Santa Barbara8, University of Maryland, College Park9, University of Lyon10, Claude Bernard University Lyon 111, Northwestern University12, University of Victoria13, University of Manchester14, University of Bonn15, Technische Universität München16, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne17, Stony Brook University18, Autonomous University of Madrid19, University of Paris20, Centre national de la recherche scientifique21, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology22, Autonomous University of Barcelona23, University of Copenhagen24, Université libre de Bruxelles25, University of La Serena26, University of Valencia27, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv28, Heidelberg University29, Yonsei University30, Princeton University31, Harvard University32, University of Geneva33, University of Tübingen34, Tomsk State University35, Tomsk Polytechnic University36, University of Washington37, University of Florida38, University of Hamburg39, TRIUMF40, University of Iowa41, University of Grenoble42, International Centre for Theoretical Physics43, Hokkai Gakuen University44, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign45, Durham University46, University of Melbourne47, University of Naples Federico II48, York University49, University of California, Berkeley50, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory51
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the SHiP experiment has a unique potential to discover new physics and can directly probe a number of solutions of beyond the standard model puzzles, such as neutrino masses, baryon asymmetry of the Universe, dark matter, and inflation.
Abstract: This paper describes the physics case for a new fixed target facility at CERN SPS. The SHiP (search for hidden particles) experiment is intended to hunt for new physics in the largely unexplored domain of very weakly interacting particles with masses below the Fermi scale, inaccessible to the LHC experiments, and to study tau neutrino physics. The same proton beam setup can be used later to look for decays of tau-leptons with lepton flavour number non-conservation, $\tau \to 3\mu $ and to search for weakly-interacting sub-GeV dark matter candidates. We discuss the evidence for physics beyond the standard model and describe interactions between new particles and four different portals—scalars, vectors, fermions or axion-like particles. We discuss motivations for different models, manifesting themselves via these interactions, and how they can be probed with the SHiP experiment and present several case studies. The prospects to search for relatively light SUSY and composite particles at SHiP are also discussed. We demonstrate that the SHiP experiment has a unique potential to discover new physics and can directly probe a number of solutions of beyond the standard model puzzles, such as neutrino masses, baryon asymmetry of the Universe, dark matter, and inflation.
842 citations
04 Jul 2013
TL;DR: In 2012 and the first half of 2013, the LHC Higgs Cross Section Working Group as mentioned in this paper presented the state of the art of Higgs physics at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), integrating all new results that have appeared in the last few years.
Abstract: This Report summarizes the results of the activities in 2012 and the first half of 2013 of the LHC Higgs Cross Section Working Group. The main goal of the working group was to present the state of the art of Higgs Physics at the LHC, integrating all new results that have appeared in the last few years. This report follows the first working group report Handbook of LHC Higgs Cross Sections: 1. Inclusive Observables (CERN-2011-002) and the second working group report Handbook of LHC Higgs Cross Sections: 2. Differential Distributions (CERN-2012-002). After the discovery of a Higgs boson at the LHC in mid-2012 this report focuses on refined prediction of Standard Model (SM) Higgs phenomenology around the experimentally observed value of 125-126 GeV, refined predictions for heavy SM-like Higgs bosons as well as predictions in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model and first steps to go beyond these models. The other main focus is on the extraction of the characteristics and properties of the newly discovered particle such as couplings to SM particles, spin and CP-quantum numbers etc.
778 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed description of the analysis used by the CMS Collaboration in the search for the standard model Higgs boson in pp collisions at the LHC, which led to the observation of a new boson.
Abstract: A detailed description is reported of the analysis used by the CMS Collaboration in the search for the standard model Higgs boson in pp collisions at the LHC, which led to the observation of a new boson. The data sample corresponds to integrated luminosities up to 5.1 inverse femtobarns at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV, and up to 5.3 inverse femtobarns at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV. The results for five Higgs boson decay modes gamma gamma, ZZ, WW, tau tau, and bb, which show a combined local significance of 5 standard deviations near 125 GeV, are reviewed. A fit to the invariant mass of the two high resolution channels, gamma gamma and ZZ to 4 ell, gives a mass estimate of 125.3 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst) GeV. The measurements are interpreted in the context of the standard model Lagrangian for the scalar Higgs field interacting with fermions and vector bosons. The measured values of the corresponding couplings are compared to the standard model predictions. The hypothesis of custodial symmetry is tested through the measurement of the ratio of the couplings to the W and Z bosons. All the results are consistent, within their uncertainties, with the expectations for a standard model Higgs boson.
643 citations
Aix-Marseille University1, University of Oklahoma2, University of Iowa3, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences4, Université Paris-Saclay5, University of Amsterdam6, University of California, Santa Cruz7, University of Sussex8, Tel Aviv University9, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology10, University of Oregon11, Stockholm University12, King's College London13, International Centre for Theoretical Physics14, AGH University of Science and Technology15, Brookhaven National Laboratory16, Northern Illinois University17, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich18, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory19, University of Liverpool20, University of Belgrade21, University of Göttingen22, University of Granada23, Boston University24, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research25, University of Rome Tor Vergata26, Lund University27, University of Bologna28, University of Victoria29, University of Grenoble30, National University of La Plata31, CERN32, National Technical University of Athens33, University of Salento34, University of Chicago35, Columbia University36, University of Birmingham37, University of Naples Federico II38, University of Copenhagen39, University of Washington40, University of Valencia41, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory42, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro43, Brandeis University44, University of Michigan45, University of Coimbra46, University of Lisbon47, University of Sheffield48, University of Geneva49, University of Texas at Austin50, Heidelberg University51, University of Milan52, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens53, Dresden University of Technology54, Novosibirsk State University55, IFAE56
TL;DR: In this article, a combined ATLAS and CMS measurements of the Higgs boson production and decay rates, as well as constraints on its couplings to vector bosons and fermions, are presented.
Abstract: Combined ATLAS and CMS measurements of the Higgs boson production and decay rates, as well as constraints on its couplings to vector bosons and fermions, are presented. The combination is based on the analysis of five production processes, namely gluon fusion, vector boson fusion, and associated production with a $W$ or a $Z$ boson or a pair of top quarks, and of the six decay modes $H \to ZZ, WW$, $\gamma\gamma, \tau\tau, bb$, and $\mu\mu$. All results are reported assuming a value of 125.09 GeV for the Higgs boson mass, the result of the combined measurement by the ATLAS and CMS experiments. The analysis uses the CERN LHC proton--proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS and CMS experiments in 2011 and 2012, corresponding to integrated luminosities per experiment of approximately 5 fb$^{-1}$ at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV and 20 fb$^{-1}$ at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV. The Higgs boson production and decay rates measured by the two experiments are combined within the context of three generic parameterisations: two based on cross sections and branching fractions, and one on ratios of coupling modifiers. Several interpretations of the measurements with more model-dependent parameterisations are also given. The combined signal yield relative to the Standard Model prediction is measured to be 1.09 $\pm$ 0.11. The combined measurements lead to observed significances for the vector boson fusion production process and for the $H \to \tau\tau$ decay of $5.4$ and $5.5$ standard deviations, respectively. The data are consistent with the Standard Model predictions for all parameterisations considered.
618 citations
TL;DR: HiggsBounds as mentioned in this paper is a tool to test models with arbitrary Higgs sectors, containing both neutral and charged Higgs bosons, against the published exclusion bounds from Higgs searches at the LEP, Tevatron and LHC experiments.
Abstract: We describe the new developments in version 4 of the public computer code HiggsBounds. HiggsBounds is a tool to test models with arbitrary Higgs sectors, containing both neutral and charged Higgs bosons, against the published exclusion bounds from Higgs searches at the LEP, Tevatron and LHC experiments. From the model predictions for the Higgs masses, branching ratios, production cross sections and total decay widths—which are specified by the user in the input for the program—the code calculates the predicted signal rates for the search channels considered in the experimental data. The signal rates are compared to the expected and observed cross section limits from the Higgs searches to determine whether a point in the model parameter space is excluded at 95 % confidence level. In this paper we present a modification of the HiggsBounds main algorithm that extends the exclusion test in order to ensure that it provides useful results in the presence of one or more significant excesses in the data, corresponding to potential Higgs signals. We also describe a new method to test whether the limits from an experimental search performed under certain model assumptions can be applied to a different theoretical model. Further developments discussed here include a framework to take into account theoretical uncertainties on the Higgs mass predictions, and the possibility to obtain the $$\chi ^2$$
likelihood of Higgs exclusion limits from LEP. Extensions to the user subroutines from earlier versions of HiggsBounds are described. The new features are demonstrated by additional example programs.
584 citations
References
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TL;DR: This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics, using data from previous editions.
12,798 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors give an explanation of the conservation of strong interactions which includes the effects of pseudoparticles, and they find it is a natural result for any theory where at least one flavor of fermion acquires its mass through a Yukawa coupling to a scalar field which has nonvanishing vacuum expectation value.
Abstract: We give an explanation of the $\mathrm{CP}$ conservation of strong interactions which includes the effects of pseudoparticles. We find it is a natural result for any theory where at least one flavor of fermion acquires its mass through a Yukawa coupling to a scalar field which has nonvanishing vacuum expectation value.
5,545 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the spin-one quanta of some of the gauge fields acquire mass; the longitudinal degrees of freedom of these particles (which would be absent if their mass were zero) go over into the Goldstone bosons when the coupling tends to zero.
Abstract: In a recent note' it was shown that the Goldstone theorem, ' that Lorentz-covaria. nt field theories in which spontaneous breakdown of symmetry under an internal Lie group occurs contain zero-mass particles, fails if and only if the conserved currents associated with the internal group are coupled to gauge fields. The purpose of the present note is to report that, as a consequence of this coupling, the spin-one quanta of some of the gauge fields acquire mass; the longitudinal degrees of freedom of these particles (which would be absent if their mass were zero) go over into the Goldstone bosons when the coupling tends to zero. This phenomenon is just the relativistic analog of the plasmon phenomenon to which Anderson' has drawn attention: that the scalar zero-mass excitations of a superconducting neutral Fermi gas become longitudinal plasmon modes of finite mass when the gas is charged. The simplest theory which exhibits this behavior is a gauge-invariant version of a model used by Goldstone' himself: Two real' scalar fields y„y, and a real vector field A interact through the Lagrangian density
4,437 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that in certain cases vector mesons do indeed acquire mass when the vacuum is degenerate with respect to a compact Lie group, and that strong interaction physics originates from massive gauge fields related to a system of conserved currents.
Abstract: It is of interest to inquire whether gauge vector mesons acquire mass through interaction; by a gauge vector meson we mean a Yang-Mills field associated with the extension of a Lie group from global to local symmetry. The importance of this problem resides in the possibility that strong-interaction physics originates from massive gauge fields related to a system of conserved currents. In this note, we shall show that in certain cases vector mesons do indeed acquire mass when the vacuum is degenerate with respect to a compact Lie group.
4,006 citations