Book•
Theory of International Politics
01 Jan 1979-
About: The article was published on 1979-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 7932 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Global politics & International relations.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: The European Council's December 2008 ‘Report on the Implementation of the European Security Strategy’ recognized that the threats facing the EU had become "increasingly complex" and that "we must be ready to shape events [by] becoming more strategic in our thinking".
Abstract: Like it or not, the European Union, in the wake of Lisbon, has become an international actor. It now faces two major external challenges. The first is to develop a strategic vision for a potentially tumultuous emerging multi-polar world. The European Council's December 2008 ‘Report on the Implementation of the European Security Strategy’ recognized that, over the last five years, the threats facing the EU had become ‘increasingly complex’, that ‘we must be ready to shape events [by] becoming more strategic in our thinking’. The second challenge is to help nudge the other major actors towards a multilateral global grand bargain. Such a bargain will be the necessary outcome of the transition from a US-dominated post-1945 liberal world order, towards a new 21st-century order accommodating the rising powers and sensitive to the needs of the global south. Without such a comprehensive and co-operative bargain, the emerging multi-polar world will be rife with tensions and highly conflict-prone.
118 citations
TL;DR: The authors presented at the annual meetings of the American Political Science Association in Boston, MA (1998 and in Atlanta, GA (1999), and at the Society for Political Methodology in San Diego, CA (1998) and in College Station, TX (1999); I thank the participants for their comments.
Abstract: Earlier versions of this paper have been presented at the annual meetings of the American Political Science Association in Boston, MA (1998) and in Atlanta, GA (1999), and at the annual meetings of the Society for Political Methodology in San Diego, CA (1998) and in College Station, TX (1999); I thank the participants for their comments. I also thank John Jackson, Paul Huth, Bob Pahre, Susan Murphy, Laura Koehly, Ed Czilli, and several anonymous referees for helpful comments and discussions. Errors remain my own. Paul Huth, Christopher Gelpi, D. Scott Bennett, Dan Reiter, and Al Stam generously shared their data. Heather Edes was gracious enough to read numerous drafts. Nick Winter provided invaluable programming assistance and Henry Heitowit provided encouragement and a quiet place to work.
117 citations
Cites background from "Theory of International Politics"
...Realism has been the dominant theoretical position in international relations for the last fifty years, and structural realism (Waltz 1979) has been the dominant brand of realism for the past twenty years....
[...]
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discussed the concept of spheres of authority, the factors that encourage their proliferation, and the prospects for global governance in a world of disaggregated authority.
Abstract: The processes of globalization have led to a proliferation of spheres of authority and significant challenges for global governance. In this paper is discussed the concept of spheres of authority, the factors that encourage their proliferation, and the prospects for global governance in a world of disaggregated authority. The proliferation of spheres of authority does not mean that global governance is impossible, but that it will not result from a global government. Instead, governance will emerge from the interaction of overlapping spheres of authority; regulation will be achieved not through centralized authority but through the spread of norms, informal rules, and regimes.
117 citations
TL;DR: In the last decade, there has been a major split from the traditional realism, which henceforth became known as "classical" realism as discussed by the authors and "structural" realism.
Abstract: Great Power Politics. New York: W.W. Norton, 2001. More than afty years have passed since Hans Morgenthau introduced “realism” as an approach to the study of international relations. Since then, the approach has withstood not only a steady assault from such external quarters as liberal institutionalism, the democratic peace school, and “constructivism” but also a marked divisive tendency. Splinter groups have emerged, each waving an identifying adjective to herald some new variant or emphasis. The arst of these came in the late 1970s, when Kenneth Waltz’s “neorealism” marked a major split from Morgenthau’s traditional realism, which henceforth became known as “classical” realism. Since then, especially during the last decade, new variants and new tags have proliferated. The aeld of international relations now has at least two varieties of “structural realism,” probably three kinds of “offensive realism,” Mearsheimer’s World— Offensive Realism and the Struggle for Security Glenn H. Snyder
117 citations
TL;DR: The consensus view among international relations theorists is that unipolarity is peaceful as discussed by the authors, based on two assumptions: first, the unipole will guarantee the global status quo and, second, no state will balance against it.
Abstract: The United States has been at war for thirteen of the twenty-two years since the Cold War ended and the world became unipolar. Still, the consensual view among international relations theorists is that unipolarity is peaceful. They base this view on two assumptions: first, the unipole will guarantee the global status quo and, second, no state will balance against it. Both assumptions are problematic. First, the unipole may disengage from a particular region, thus removing constraints on regional conflicts. Second, if the unipole remains engaged in the world, those minor powers that decide not to accommodate it will be unable to find a great power sponsor. Placed in this situation of extreme self-help, they will try to revise the status quo in their favor, a dynamic that is likely to trigger conflict with the unipole. Therefore, neither the structure of a unipolar world nor U.S. strategic choices clearly benefit the overall prospects for peace. For the world as a whole, unipolarity makes conflict likely. F...
117 citations
References
More filters
5,295 citations
01 Jan 1976
TL;DR: For centuries knowledge meant proven knowledge, proven either by the power of the intellect or by the evidence of the senses as discussed by the authors. But the notion of proven knowledge was questioned by the sceptics more than two thousand years ago; but they were browbeaten into confusion by the glory of Newtonian physics.
Abstract: For centuries knowledge meant proven knowledge — proven either by the power of the intellect or by the evidence of the senses. Wisdom and intellectual integrity demanded that one must desist from unproven utterances and minimize, even in thought, the gap between speculation and established knowledge. The proving power of the intellect or the senses was questioned by the sceptics more than two thousand years ago; but they were browbeaten into confusion by the glory of Newtonian physics. Einstein’s results again turned the tables and now very few philosophers or scientists still think that scientific knowledge is, or can be, proven knowledge. But few realize that with this the whole classical structure of intellectual values falls in ruins and has to be replaced: one cannot simply water down the ideal of proven truth - as some logical empiricists do — to the ideal of’probable truth’1 or — as some sociologists of knowledge do — to ‘truth by [changing] consensus’.2
4,969 citations
4,163 citations
17 Feb 1966
TL;DR: This book contains the collected and unified material necessary for the presentation of such branches of modern cybernetics as the theory of electronic digital computers, Theory of discrete automata, theory of discrete self-organizing systems, automation of thought processes, theoryof image recognition, etc.
Abstract: : This book contains the collected and unified material necessary for the presentation of such branches of modern cybernetics as the theory of electronic digital computers, theory of discrete automata, theory of discrete self-organizing systems, automation of thought processes, theory of image recognition, etc. Discussions are given of the fundamentals of the theory of boolean functions, algorithm theory, principles of the design of electronic digital computers and universal algorithmical languages, fundamentals of perceptron theory, some theoretical questions of the theory of self-organizing systems. Many fundamental results in mathematical logic and algorithm theory are presented in summary form, without detailed proofs, and in some cases without any proof. The book is intended for a broad audience of mathematicians and scientists of many specialties who wish to acquaint themselves with the problems of modern cybernetics.
2,922 citations