Book•
Theory of International Politics
01 Jan 1979-
About: The article was published on 1979-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 7932 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Global politics & International relations.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the concept of failed states is used in debates about international order, security and threats to security, and what is meant by failed states in these debates, as constructed through academic and policy discourse.
Abstract: What is meant by ‘failed’ states in debates about international order, security and threats to security? Does the concept of failed states, as constructed through academic and policy discourse, und...
79 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: In this paper, the two Koreas and the great powers in a changing world are discussed, and the future of the two Korea is discussed. But the authors do not discuss the relationship between the two countries.
Abstract: 1. Introduction: the two Koreas and the great powers in a changing world 2. China and the two Koreas 3. Russia and the two Koreas 4. Japan and the two Koreas 5. The United States and the two Koreas 6. The future of the two Koreas.
79 citations
TL;DR: In recent years, constructivists in International Relations have been attempting to ''seize the middle ground' between positivist objectivism and postmodernist relativism'' as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: In recent years, constructivists in International Relations have been attempting to `seize the middle ground' between positivist objectivism and postmodernist relativism. Yet, while useful in rende...
79 citations
Cites background from "Theory of International Politics"
...In his well-known reformulation of realist theory, Waltz (1979) took issue with ‘reductionist’ thinking that explains interaction as a direct consequence of actors’ characteristics at the individual or state levels....
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...Yet, unlike Waltz (1979), who prioritizes parsimony at any cost, we follow contemporary philosophy of science in claiming that simplicity and elegance have to be weighed against other scientific objectives....
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...Mostly, evolutionary arguments have been invoked to justify the rationality assumption, with cursory references to ‘stabilizing’ selection mechanisms (e.g. Waltz, 1979; though see Kahler, 1999).9 By contrast, a sociational perspective can show exactly how turnover affects behavioral patterns....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that there are a number of concepts of politics in play in the current debates on securitization theory and that greater awareness regarding these conceptual differences helps cl...
Abstract: The article argues that there are a number of concepts of politics in play in the current debates on securitization theory and that greater awareness regarding these conceptual differences helps cl...
79 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2004TL;DR: Halperin this article revisited the historical terrain of Karl Polanyi's The Great Transformation (1944) and argued that the analysis is inaccurate and misleading, and showed how and why the conflicts both culminated in the world wars and brought about a 'great transformation' in Europe.
Abstract: Halperin traces the persistence of traditional class structures during the development of industrial capitalism in Europe, and the way in which these structures shaped states and state behavior and generated conflict. She documents European conflicts between 1789 and 1914, including small and medium scale conflicts often ignored by researchers and links these conflicts to structures characteristic of industrial capitalist development in Europe before 1945. This book revisits the historical terrain of Karl Polanyi's The Great Transformation (1944), however, it argues that Polanyi's analysis is, in important ways, inaccurate and misleading. Ultimately, the book shows how and why the conflicts both culminated in the world wars and brought about a 'great transformation' in Europe. Its account of this period challenges not only Polanyi's analysis, but a variety of influential perspectives on nationalism, development, conflict, international systems change, and globalization.
79 citations
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5,295 citations
01 Jan 1976
TL;DR: For centuries knowledge meant proven knowledge, proven either by the power of the intellect or by the evidence of the senses as discussed by the authors. But the notion of proven knowledge was questioned by the sceptics more than two thousand years ago; but they were browbeaten into confusion by the glory of Newtonian physics.
Abstract: For centuries knowledge meant proven knowledge — proven either by the power of the intellect or by the evidence of the senses. Wisdom and intellectual integrity demanded that one must desist from unproven utterances and minimize, even in thought, the gap between speculation and established knowledge. The proving power of the intellect or the senses was questioned by the sceptics more than two thousand years ago; but they were browbeaten into confusion by the glory of Newtonian physics. Einstein’s results again turned the tables and now very few philosophers or scientists still think that scientific knowledge is, or can be, proven knowledge. But few realize that with this the whole classical structure of intellectual values falls in ruins and has to be replaced: one cannot simply water down the ideal of proven truth - as some logical empiricists do — to the ideal of’probable truth’1 or — as some sociologists of knowledge do — to ‘truth by [changing] consensus’.2
4,969 citations
4,163 citations
17 Feb 1966
TL;DR: This book contains the collected and unified material necessary for the presentation of such branches of modern cybernetics as the theory of electronic digital computers, Theory of discrete automata, theory of discrete self-organizing systems, automation of thought processes, theoryof image recognition, etc.
Abstract: : This book contains the collected and unified material necessary for the presentation of such branches of modern cybernetics as the theory of electronic digital computers, theory of discrete automata, theory of discrete self-organizing systems, automation of thought processes, theory of image recognition, etc. Discussions are given of the fundamentals of the theory of boolean functions, algorithm theory, principles of the design of electronic digital computers and universal algorithmical languages, fundamentals of perceptron theory, some theoretical questions of the theory of self-organizing systems. Many fundamental results in mathematical logic and algorithm theory are presented in summary form, without detailed proofs, and in some cases without any proof. The book is intended for a broad audience of mathematicians and scientists of many specialties who wish to acquaint themselves with the problems of modern cybernetics.
2,922 citations