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Theory of spin glasses
Sam F. Edwards,Peter J. Anderson +1 more
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In this paper, a new theory of spin glasses is proposed, which offers a simple explanation of the cusp found experimentally in the susceptibility, which is smoothed by an external field.Abstract:
A new theory of the class of dilute magnetic alloys, called the spin glasses, is proposed which offers a simple explanation of the cusp found experimentally in the susceptibility. The argument is that because the interaction between the spins dissolved in the matrix oscillates in sign according to distance, there will be no mean ferro- or antiferromagnetism, but there will be a ground state with the spins aligned in definite directions, even if these directions appear to be at random. At the critical temperature the existence of these preferred directions affects the orientation of the spins, leading to a cusp in the susceptibility. This cusp is smoothed by an external field. Although the behaviour at low t needs a quantum mechanical treatment, it is interesting to complete the classical calculations down to t=0. Classically the susceptibility tends to a constant value at t=0, and the specific heat to a constant value.read more
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Spin glasses: Experimental facts, theoretical concepts, and open questions
Kurt Binder,A. P. Young +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the most characteristic properties of spin glass systems are described, and related phenomena in other glassy systems (dielectric and orientational glasses) are mentioned, and a review summarizes recent developments in the theory of spin glasses, as well as pertinent experimental data.
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The Potts model
TL;DR: In this paper, a tutorial review on the Potts model is presented aimed at bringing out the essential and important properties of the standard Potts models, focusing on exact and rigorous results, but other aspects of the problem are also described to achieve a unified perspective.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exchange Monte Carlo Method and Application to Spin Glass Simulations
Koji Hukushima,Koji Nemoto +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, an efficient Monte Carlo algorithm for simulating a "hardly relaxing" system, in which many replicas with different temperatures are simultaneously simulated and a virtual process exchanging configurations of these replicas is introduced.
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THEORY OF PROTEIN FOLDING: The Energy Landscape Perspective
TL;DR: The energy landscape theory of protein folding suggests that the most realistic model of a protein is a minimally frustrated heteropolymer with a rugged funnel-like landscape biased toward the native structure.
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Theoretical perspective on the glass transition and amorphous materials
Ludovic Berthier,Giulio Biroli +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a theoretical perspective is provided on the glass transition in molecular liquids at thermal equilibrium, on the spatially heterogeneous and aging dynamics of disordered materials, and on the rheology of soft glassy materials.
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, specific heat anomalies of copper alloyed with from 0.14 to 10 wt.% manganese were measured at liquid helium temperatures; and for some of the specimens, measurements were extended to 15°K. All exhibit an anomalously large specific heat compared to pure copper, of which the excess is associated with the magnetic transition known to occur in these alloys at low temperatures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Specific heats of dilute alloys of manganese in silver and copper at low temperatures and in magnetic fields
J. De Nobel,F.J. Du Chatenier +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the specific heat properties of three silver-manganese and one copper-meganese alloy in the region of 1.3 to 20°K were investigated.
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Statistical Mechanics of Rubber
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that above the second-order transition the partition function of a rubber can be represented to a reasonably good approximation by the product of the partition functions of a liquid formed of molecules similar to the chain elements and the partition of the noninteracting chains divided by the partial pressure of a perfect gas.
Journal ArticleDOI
The specific heats of single Cu-Mn crystals between 1·4 and 5°K
L.T. Crane,J.E. Zimmerman +1 more
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