Thermal behaviour of potassium perchlorate and potassium chlorate in presence of chromium(VI) oxide
About: This article is published in Thermochimica Acta.The article was published on 1976-05-01. It has received 4 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Potassium chlorate & Potassium.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the effect of TMO catalysts on solid propellant burning and decomposition, oxidizer burning, and sandwich and condensed mixture combustion is discussed. But, the exact mechanism of the effect on the burning rate modification of composite solid propellants is not clear even today.
Abstract: Introduction T metal oxides (TMO) like Fe2O3, CuO, MnO2, CuCr2O4, etc., form a very popular group of catalysts for burning rate modification of composite solid propellants. Although it is well known that these oxides affect the decomposition characteristics of polymers and oxidizers like ammonium perchlorate (AP)' and potassium perchlorate, (KP) the exact mechanism of the effect on solid propellants is by no means clear even today. Much fragmentary literature is available on the effect of these oxides on propellant burning and decomposition, oxidizer burning and decomposition, and sandwich and condensed mixture combustion. It is the purpose of this review to bring the material together so that a comprehensive picture can be drawn of the mechanism of the action of these catalysts. It may be mentioned here that these oxides also catalyze hydrocarbon oxidation reactions by inducing free radical decomposition of hydroperoxides (formed by the contact of oxidizer and hydrocarbon).
86 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal decomposition of NaClO3 in the presence of metal oxides was studied using thermogravimetric analysis and it was found that catalytic activity depends on the electron configurations of the metal cations.
Abstract: The thermal decomposition of NaClO3 in the presence of metal oxides was studied using thermogravimetric analysis. A number of metal oxides were prepared to have comparable surface areas, and their catalytic effects on NaClO3 decomposition were compared. It was found that the catalytic activity depends on the electron configurations of the metal cations. Oxides containing metal cations with partially filled d-orbitals are all active catalysts for NaClO3 decomposition. Transition metal cations with no d-electrons are moderately active. Metal oxides containing metal cations with completely filled d-orbitals or noble gas configurations have very little activity.
18 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of three corundum structure oxides, α-Al 2 O 3, α-Cr 2O 3, and α-Fe 2 O3, on the thermal decomposition of sodium and potassium peroxodisulfates (persulfates) under non-isothermal static air conditions and using various oxide/persulfate molar ratios, have been thermoanalytically investigated.
Abstract: The effects of three corundum structure oxides, α-Al 2 O 3 , α-Cr 2 O 3 , and α-Fe 2 O 3 , on the thermal decomposition of sodium and potassium peroxodisulfates (persulfates) under non-isothermal static air conditions and using various oxide/persulfate molar ratios, have been thermoanalytically investigated Compounds such as Na 3 Al(SO 4 ) 3 , K 3 Al(SO 4 ) 3 , Cr 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , K 3 Cr(SO 4 3 , and Na 3 Fe(SO 4 ) 3 are identified by X-ray diffractometry and conventional chemical analysis The molar ratios as well as temperatures of the stoichiometric formation for these compounds have been established At higher temperatures, α-Al 2 O 3 acts as a promoter catalyst for the decomposition of pyrosulfate to sulfate, whereas α-Cr 2 O 3 behaves as a retarder for the decomposition of persulfate A eutectic mixture is formed between K 3 Al(SO 4 ) and K 2 SO 4 at 675°C Also, K 3 Fe(SO 4 ) 3 is identified as two crystalline phases
9 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of MoO3 and WO3 on the thermal decomposition of the halogen oxysalts, KClO4, KCLO3, KBrO3, and KIO3 has been followed by TG, DTA, IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction studies.
Abstract: Investigation on the influence of MoO3 and WO3 on the thermal decomposition of the halogen oxysalts, KClO4, KClO3, KBrO3 and KIO3 has been followed by TG, DTA, IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction studies. The results suggest the formation of mono-, di-, tri- and tetra- molybdates/tungstates in solid state by the reaction of appropriate mole ratios of the reactants.
1 citations
References
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TL;DR: The No. 10123 1quart "Success" can as discussed by the authors dispenses solvent by finger pressure on the valve, which then closes upon release of the pressure, as indicated in the accompanying figure.
Abstract: use and allows it to dispense no more solvent than is needed when the swab-stick is dipped into it like a pen into an inkwell. Available in 4 oz., 6 oz., and 8 oz. sizes, the price ranges from $3. 50 to $3. 75. This same company also advertises a model No. 10123 1quart "Success" can which dispenses solvent by finger pressure on the valve, which then closes upon release of the pressure, as indicated in the accompanying figure. There is also a plunger can of I-pint size that dispenses solvent by pressure on the plunger. Price for the first type of can is about $8, for the second, about $7.
1,456 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the characteristic frequencies of 52 metals have been studied in the region 700-240 cm−1 and a particle size of 10 μ or smaller was found to give the best representative spectrum.
Abstract: The characteristic frequencies of oxides of 52 metals have been studied in the region 700-240 cm−1. Data for oxides of metals of different valence states and the frequencies of polymorphic forms of several oxides are presented. A particle size of 10 μ or smaller was found to give the best representative spectrum.
474 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the infrared spectra from 300-880 cm−1 of 208 inorganic substances are reported, nearly all of which are salts containing polyatomic ions, and a list of characteristic frequencies is given for twenty ions.
Abstract: The infrared spectra from 300–880 cm−1 of 208 inorganic substances are reported. Nearly all are salts containing polyatomic ions. Spectral curves are presented for 140 of the compounds, and a list of characteristic frequencies is given for twenty ions. Among other matters discussed are: (a) the non-reproducibility of some of the spectra, and reasons for this, (b) absorption due to the torsional oscillation of water molecules, and (c) some vibrational assignments for MnO4−1 and CrO42−1.
188 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a study of the thermal decomposition of intimate mixtures of different molar ratios of KClO4 and chromium(III) oxide was conducted employing thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis, chemical analysis, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis.
Abstract: A study of the thermal decomposition of intimate mixtures of different molar ratios of potassium perchlorate and chromium(III) oxide, and potassium perchlorate and nickel(II) chromite(III) was conducted employing thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis, chemical analysis, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. Upon heating to 400°C Cr(III), in 2:1 molar ratios, is oxidized to potassium dichromate. Only a stoichiometric amount of Cr(III) was oxidized from molar ratios less than 2:1, leaving behind excess Cr2O3 and NiCr2O4 whereas from molar ratios greater than 2:1, Cr(III) was completely oxidized and the excess KClO4 started decomposing around 410°C which is much below the decomposition temperature of pure KClO4.
22 citations