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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

thermodynamic properties for natural waters covering only the limnological range1

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TLDR
In this paper, the authors calculate the following properties over the range of 0-0.6 salinity, 0/sup 0/-30/sub 0/C, and 0-180 bars: density, thermal expansibility, temperature of maximum density, maximum density and minimum specific volume, isothermal compressibility, specific heat at constant pressure, and sound speed.
Abstract
Dissolved salts affect the thermodynamic properties of lake waters. Equations are given to calculate the following properties over the range of 0-0.6 salinity, 0/sup 0/-30/sup 0/C, and 0-180 bars: density, thermal expansibility, temperature of maximum density, maximum density and minimum specific volume, isothermal compressibility, specific heat at constant pressure, specific heat at constant volume, sound speed, adiabatic compressibility, freezing point, adiabatic temperature gradient, and static stability.

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Climate change: A catalyst for global expansion of harmful cyanobacterial blooms

TL;DR: Recent studies revealing that regional and global climatic change may benefit various species of harmful cyanobacteria by increasing their growth rates, dominance, persistence, geographic distributions and activity are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Summer heatwaves promote blooms of harmful cyanobacteria

TL;DR: In this paper, a coupled biological-physical model was developed to investigate how competition for light between buoyant cyanobacteria, diatoms and green algae in eutrophic lakes is affected by the meteorological conditions of this extreme summer heatwave.
Journal ArticleDOI

Stratification of lakes

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a model for the formation of meromixis in lakes, and the assumptions behind salinity, electrical conductance, potential density, and potential temperature are introduced.
Journal ArticleDOI

Impact of secular climate change on the thermal structure of a large temperate central european lake

TL;DR: In this paper, a 52-year series of monthly temperature profiles from Lake Zurich, a large, deep (136 m), temperate lake on the Swiss Plateau, is presented.
Book ChapterDOI

Mixing Mechanisms in Lakes

TL;DR: The thermal motion of atoms and molecules is perceived on the macroscopic level as molecular diffusion as discussed by the authors, as the slow but persistent movement "down along the concentration gradient" although the average speed of the atoms is on the order of tens to hundreds of meters per second, because the molecules do not maintain the same direction long enough.
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