Thermohaline Convection with Two Stable Regimes of Flow
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TLDR
Free convection between two interconnected reservoirs, due to density differences maintained by heat and salt transfer to the reservoirs, is shown to occur sometimes in two different stable regimes, and may possibly be analogous to certain features of the oseanic circulation as discussed by the authors.Abstract:
Free convection between two interconnected reservoirs, due to density differences maintained by heat and salt transfer to the reservoirs, is shown to occur sometimes in two different stable regimes, and may possibly be analogous to certain features of the oseanic circulation.read more
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Tipping elements in the Earth's climate system
Timothy M. Lenton,Hermann Held,Elmar Kriegler,Elmar Kriegler,Jim W. Hall,Wolfgang Lucht,Stefan Rahmstorf,Hans Joachim Schellnhuber,Hans Joachim Schellnhuber +8 more
TL;DR: It is explained how, in principle, early warning systems could be established to detect the proximity of some tipping points, and critically evaluate potential policy-relevant tipping elements in the climate system under anthropogenic forcing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change projections using the IPSL-CM5 Earth System Model: From CMIP3 to CMIP5
Jean-Louis Dufresne,Marie-Alice Foujols,Sébastien Denvil,Arnaud Caubel,Olivier Marti,Olivier Aumont,Yves Balkanski,Slimane Bekki,Hugo Bellenger,Rachid Benshila,Sandrine Bony,Laurent Bopp,Pascale Braconnot,Patrick Brockmann,Patricia Cadule,Frédérique Cheruy,Francis Codron,Anne Cozic,David Cugnet,N. de Noblet,Jean-Philippe Duvel,Christian Ethé,Laurent Fairhead,Thierry Fichefet,S. Flavoni,Pierre Friedlingstein,Pierre Friedlingstein,Jean-Yves Grandpeix,L. Guez,Eric Guilyardi,Didier Hauglustaine,Frédéric Hourdin,Abderrahmane Idelkadi,Josefine Ghattas,Sylvie Joussaume,Masa Kageyama,Gerhard Krinner,Sonia Labetoulle,A. Lahellec,Marie-Pierre Lefebvre,Franck Lefèvre,C. Levy,Z. X. Li,James Lloyd,François Lott,Gurvan Madec,Martial Mancip,Marion Marchand,Sébastien Masson,Yann Meurdesoif,Juliette Mignot,Ionela Musat,S. Parouty,Jan Polcher,Catherine Rio,Michael Schulz,Didier Swingedouw,Sophie Szopa,C. Talandier,C. Talandier,Pascal Terray,Nicolas Viovy,Nicolas Vuichard +62 more
TL;DR: This article presented the global general circulation model IPSL-CM5 developed to study the long-term response of the climate system to natural and anthropogenic forcings as part of the 5th Phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5).
Journal ArticleDOI
Vertical mixing, energy, and the general circulation of the oceans
Carl Wunsch,Raffaele Ferrari +1 more
TL;DR: In particular, small-scale mixing processes are necessary to resupply the potential energy removed in the interior by the overturning and eddy-generating process as discussed by the authors, and it is shown that over most of the ocean significant vertical mixing is confined to topographically complex boundary areas implies a potentially radically different interior circulation than is possible with uniform mixing.