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Journal ArticleDOI

Three-Dimensional Super-Resolution Imaging by Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy

08 Feb 2008-Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science)-Vol. 319, Iss: 5864, pp 810-813
TL;DR: 3D stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) is demonstrated by using optical astigmatism to determine both axial and lateral positions of individual fluorophores with nanometer accuracy, allowing the 3D morphology of nanoscopic cellular structures to be resolved.
Abstract: Recent advances in far-field fluorescence microscopy have led to substantial improvements in image resolution, achieving a near-molecular resolution of 20 to 30 nanometers in the two lateral dimensions. Three-dimensional (3D) nanoscale-resolution imaging, however, remains a challenge. We demonstrated 3D stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) by using optical astigmatism to determine both axial and lateral positions of individual fluorophores with nanometer accuracy. Iterative, stochastic activation of photoswitchable probes enables high-precision 3D localization of each probe, and thus the construction of a 3D image, without scanning the sample. Using this approach, we achieved an image resolution of 20 to 30 nanometers in the lateral dimensions and 50 to 60 nanometers in the axial dimension. This development allowed us to resolve the 3D morphology of nanoscopic cellular structures.

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Citations
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28 Jul 2005
TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Abstract: 抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1(PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员,通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

18,940 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
19 Dec 2013-Cell
TL;DR: Using an EGFP-tagged endonuclease-deficient Cas9 protein and a structurally optimized small guide (sg) RNA, robust imaging of repetitive elements in telomeres and coding genes in living cells is demonstrated by repurposing the bacterial CRISPR/Cas system.

1,625 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
07 Nov 2014
TL;DR: A guide to using some of the recently added advanced μManager features, including hardware synchronization, simultaneous use of multiple cameras, projection of patterned light onto a specimen, live slide mapping, imaging with multi-well plates, particle localization and tracking, and high-speed imaging.
Abstract: μManager is an open-source, cross-platform desktop application, to control a wide variety of motorized microscopes, scientific cameras, stages, illuminators, and other microscope accessories. Since its inception in 2005, μManager has grown to support a wide range of microscopy hardware and is now used by thousands of researchers around the world. The application provides a mature graphical user interface and offers open programming interfaces to facilitate plugins and scripts. Here, we present a guide to using some of the recently added advanced μManager features, including hardware synchronization, simultaneous use of multiple cameras, projection of patterned light onto a specimen, live slide mapping, imaging with multi-well plates, particle localization and tracking, and high-speed imaging.

1,547 citations


Cites methods from "Three-Dimensional Super-Resolution ..."

  • ...The “Z Calibration” button assumes the use of an astigmatic lens introduced in the imaging path to measure Z position by the shape of the fit Gaussian [11]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is anticipated that super-resolution fluorescence microscopy will become a widely used tool for cell and tissue imaging to provide previously unobserved details of biological structures and processes.
Abstract: Achieving a spatial resolution that is not limited by the diffraction of light, recent developments of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy techniques allow the observation of many biological structures not resolvable in conventional fluorescence microscopy. New advances in these techniques now give them the ability to image three-dimensional (3D) structures, measure interactions by multicolor colocalization, and record dynamic processes in living cells at the nanometer scale. It is anticipated that super-resolution fluorescence microscopy will become a widely used tool for cell and tissue imaging to provide previously unobserved details of biological structures and processes.

1,534 citations


Cites background or methods from "Three-Dimensional Super-Resolution ..."

  • ...Smaller probes include primary antibodies for direct immunofluorescence (~10–15 nm in size) (52), antibody Fab fragments (~6 nm in size), and FPs (~3–4 nm in size)....

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  • ...This method has achieved a lateral localization precision of ~25 nm (FWHM) and an axial localization precision of ~50 nm (FWHM) over the depth of several hundred nanometers in z with photoswitchable cyanine dyes (52)....

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  • ...The cytoskeleton of mammalian cells, especially microtubules (Figure 5a) (29, 44, 46, 52), is the most commonly used benchmark structure for super-resolution imaging....

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  • ...These images have shown the ability of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy to separate nearby filaments and overlapped and unresolvable in conventional fluorescence images (46, 52), as well as to reveal the 3D organization of the cytoskeleton in a mammalian cell (52)....

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  • ...The spatial organization of microtubules in cells, the semispherical shell structure of clathrin-coated pits, with a diameter of about ~150 nm, and the outer membrane structure of mitochondria has been resolved using this technique (52,53) For thick sample imaging, spherical abberations caused by the refractive index mismatch between the sample and the imaging optics also need to be minimized or corrected (53)....

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References
More filters
28 Jul 2005
TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Abstract: 抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1(PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员,通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

18,940 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Sep 2006-Science
TL;DR: This work introduced a method for optically imaging intracellular proteins at nanometer spatial resolution and used this method to image specific target proteins in thin sections of lysosomes and mitochondria and in fixed whole cells to image retroviral protein Gag at the plasma membrane.
Abstract: We introduce a method for optically imaging intracellular proteins at nanometer spatial resolution. Numerous sparse subsets of photoactivatable fluorescent protein molecules were activated, localized (to approximately 2 to 25 nanometers), and then bleached. The aggregate position information from all subsets was then assembled into a superresolution image. We used this method--termed photoactivated localization microscopy--to image specific target proteins in thin sections of lysosomes and mitochondria; in fixed whole cells, we imaged vinculin at focal adhesions, actin within a lamellipodium, and the distribution of the retroviral protein Gag at the plasma membrane.

7,924 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A high-resolution fluorescence microscopy method based on high-accuracy localization of photoswitchable fluorophores that can, in principle, reach molecular-scale resolution is developed.
Abstract: We have developed a high-resolution fluorescence microscopy method based on high-accuracy localization of photoswitchable fluorophores. In each imaging cycle, only a fraction of the fluorophores were turned on, allowing their positions to be determined with nanometer accuracy. The fluorophore positions obtained from a series of imaging cycles were used to reconstruct the overall image. We demonstrated an imaging resolution of 20 nm. This technique can, in principle, reach molecular-scale resolution.

7,213 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Multiphoton microscopy has found a niche in the world of biological imaging as the best noninvasive means of fluorescence microscopy in tissue explants and living animals and its use is now increasing exponentially.
Abstract: Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) has found a niche in the world of biological imaging as the best noninvasive means of fluorescence microscopy in tissue explants and living animals. Coupled with transgenic mouse models of disease and 'smart' genetically encoded fluorescent indicators, its use is now increasing exponentially. Properly applied, it is capable of measuring calcium transients 500 microm deep in a mouse brain, or quantifying blood flow by imaging shadows of blood cells as they race through capillaries. With the multitude of possibilities afforded by variations of nonlinear optics and localized photochemistry, it is possible to image collagen fibrils directly within tissue through nonlinear scattering, or release caged compounds in sub-femtoliter volumes.

3,738 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new method for fluorescence imaging has been developed that can obtain spatial distributions of large numbers of fluorescent molecules on length scales shorter than the classical diffraction limit, and suggests a means to address a significant number of biological questions that had previously been limited by microscope resolution.

3,437 citations