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Proceedings ArticleDOI

To reduce mutual coupling in microstrip patch antenna arrays elements using electromagnetic band gap structures for X-band

Ankit Arora1, Niraj Kumar1
01 Mar 2017-pp 228-230
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed an EBG structured antenna, which provides better compactness, easy integrated feature and 2-D band gap properties than traditional EBG structures, and can reduce the mutual coupling due to surface wave propagation.
Abstract: The demand for today is to have a Compact and reduced size devices, hence requires reduced sized antenna. For reduced sized, array elements can be placed closer to each other. However, the problem of mutual coupling, depending on interelement separation and their relative orientation, becomes a challenge [3][4]. To overcome this, we proposed an EBG structured antenna. The most used characteristics of Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structure are the surface wave suppression effect within its band gap. Hence, they can reduce the mutual coupling due to surface wave propagation [2][9][10]. EBG provides better compactness, easy integrated feature and 2-D band gap properties. Also, by using EBG structure, antenna array characteristics like total size and radiation efficiency can also be improvised [1].
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An ultrawideband (UWB) meander-line electromagnetic band gap structure for mutual coupling reduction in E-plane of MIMO antennas operating in the frequency range 3.1-10.6 GHz was presented in this article.
Abstract: This paper presents an ultrawideband (UWB) meander-line electromagnetic band gap structure for mutual coupling reduction in E-plane of MIMO antennas operating in the frequency range 3.1–10.6 GHz. Planar UWB MIMO antenna with edge to edge gap of 8 mm has been designed and fabricated on FR4 substrate with dielectric constant 4.4 and height 1.6 mm. An array of four unit cells of electromagnetic bandgap structures arranged in top and bottom layers of the substrate connected through vias has been placed in between antennas to achieve the reduced mutual coupling in the ultrawideband range. Minimum 1 dB and maximum 14 dB reduction in mutual coupling is achieved for 3.4–8 GHz frequency range. Minimum 8 dB and maximum 24 dB mutual coupling reduction is achieved for range of 8–10.6 GHz. Measured results and surface current of MIMO antennas also validate the mutual coupling reduction. Envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) less than 0.02 and channel capacity loss (CCL) less than 0.5 bps/Hz are achieved.

26 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a MIMO antenna with the defective ground structure of the H-shape slot inserted on the bottom ground layer to achieve high isolation, which can be used for WiMAX, Wi-Fi, and future 5G services all over the world.
Abstract: The isolation between the microstrip patches has a great significance to examine the performance of the multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antennas. The patch antennas are placed on the top of 1.46 mm thick Rogers RO3003 substrate having a length of 60 mm, a width of 50 mm, and relative permittivity of 3. The distance between the resonators is 0.06λ and they are stimulated by two coaxial probes extended from the bottom ground layer. The defective ground structure of the H-shape slot is inserted on the bottom ground layer to achieve high isolation (mutual coupling reduction). The proposed MIMO antenna operates at 5.3 GHz frequency, which can be used for WiMAX, Wi-Fi, and future 5G services all over the world. The results of the designed structure have been simulated in a finite element method-based solver high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS). The simulated results show that the reflection coefficient (S11) and isolation (S21) at the desired frequency are −32 dB and −41 dB, respectively.

22 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a non-resonant metamaterial unit cell is proposed to design a metasurface for ultrawideband (UWB) gain enhancement and radar cross section (RCS) reduction of an UWB antenna.
Abstract: A non-resonant metamaterial unit cell is proposed to design a metasurface for ultrawideband (UWB) gain enhancement and radar cross section (RCS) reduction of an UWB antenna. Epsilon near zero (ENZ) property and negative refractive index of metamaterial is achieved to ensure low loss and amplification of electromagnetic waves (EM) passing through it. The proposed metamaterial is designed on a 6 mm × 6 mm FR4 substrate with dielectric constant 4.4, height 1.6 mm and loss tangent 0.01. The unit cell is simulated with periodic boundary condition to get the properties of periodically arranged unit cells in one plane called metasurface. A Metasurface is designed by planar arrangement of 5 × 5 unit cells of proposed metamaterial unit cell and is kept at height of 2 mm above an ultrawideband planar microstrip antenna. Antenna system with metasurface has physical and electrical dimensions of 32 × 32 × 5.2 mm3 and 0.34 λ 0 × 0.34 λ 0 × 0.05 λ 0 respectively, where λ 0 is the free-space wavelength at 3.2 GHz. The bandwidth of UWB patch antenna (3.1–10.6 GHz) is unaffected by the presence of metasurface. The analysis of radiation mechanism shows the phase difference of EM waves passing through metasurface with and without reflection is 300 ° –400 ° . This indicates emergence of coherent waves from metasurface and contributes in gain enhancement. Maximum gain is 5.7 dB at 6.8 GHz with radiation efficiency of 88.5% and maximum gain enhancement is 10.1 dB at 9.8 GHz. The reflection phase analysis of normal incident wave predicts the frequency for maximum RCS reduction as 6.4 GHz. Maximum RCS reduction of antenna with application of metasurface is 21 dB at 6.7 GHz. Significant gain enhancement and reduction of RCS is achieved for ultrawideband. The proposed antenna system metasurface with enhanced gain and reduced RCS is a good candidate for application in stealth and military platforms.

22 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an uniplanar compact Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structure and its application in enhancement of isolation in H-Plane of MIMO antenna system for WLAN (5.8 GHz) is presented.
Abstract: This paper presents design of novel uniplanar compact Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structure and its application in enhancement of isolation in H-Plane of MIMO antenna system for WLAN (5.8 GHz). Isolation enhancement or coupling reduction of 5.6 dB is achieved by etching out the proposed EBG structure from the ground plane of microstrip patch MIMO antenna. Center to center distance is reduced to 0.45λ0 due to compactness of EBG. A metal line strip between radiating patches is used for further reduction in mutual coupling at 5.8 GHz. There is significant enhancement of 16.2 dB in isolation due to the introduction of metal line strip. Hence the total 21.8 dB reduction in mutual coupling is achieved and this coupling reduction is also verified by surface current plots and measured result. The envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is less than 0.01 and channel capacity loss (CCL) is less than 0.1 bps/Hz at operating frequency.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, a new array antenna configuration based on Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structures has been proposed for 3.5GHz wireless communication systems, which consists of three squares and a square ring deposited on a substrate (Rogers RO4350) having a relative permittivity of 10.2 and a thickness of 1.27mm.
Abstract: In this paper, a new array antenna configuration based on Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structures has been proposed for 3.5GHz wireless communication systems. The proposed slotted EBG structure, high impedance surface (SHI), consists of three squares and a square ring deposited on a substrate (Rogers RO4350) which has a relative permittivity of 10.2 and a thickness of 1.27mm. Initially a matrix of 3×7 unit cells of EBG structures is introduced between two patches of an array and then a matrix of 3×14 unit cell of EBG structures is integrated between eight patches, which resonate around 3.5GHz (Wi MAX). The insertion of these structures between the radiating elements of an array antenna reduces the mutual coupling and antenna dimensions by approximately (8dB, 11%) and (12 dB, 5%) respectively for two, eight elements array antenna. In addition, the directivity has been slightly improved in the presence of EBG structures, from 4.52dB to 6.09dB for a two-element array antenna, and from 8.18dB to 8.4dB for an eight-element antenna. 

4 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a new type of metallic structure has been developed that is characterized by having high surface impedance, which is analogous to a corrugated metal surface in which the corrugations have been folded up into lumped-circuit elements and distributed in a two-dimensional lattice.
Abstract: A new type of metallic electromagnetic structure has been developed that is characterized by having high surface impedance. Although it is made of continuous metal, and conducts dc currents, it does not conduct ac currents within a forbidden frequency band. Unlike normal conductors, this new surface does not support propagating surface waves, and its image currents are not phase reversed. The geometry is analogous to a corrugated metal surface in which the corrugations have been folded up into lumped-circuit elements, and distributed in a two-dimensional lattice. The surface can be described using solid-state band theory concepts, even though the periodicity is much less than the free-space wavelength. This unique material is applicable to a variety of electromagnetic problems, including new kinds of low-profile antennas.

4,264 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a mushroom-like E-plane coupled E-strip antenna array on a thick and high permittivity substrate has been analyzed using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method.
Abstract: Utilization of electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structures is becoming attractive in the electromagnetic and antenna community. In this paper, a mushroom-like EBG structure is analyzed using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Its band-gap feature of surface-wave suppression is demonstrated by exhibiting the near field distributions of the electromagnetic waves. The mutual coupling of microstrip antennas is parametrically investigated, including both the E and H coupling directions, different substrate thickness, and various dielectric constants. It is observed that the E-plane coupled microstrip antenna array on a thick and high permittivity substrate has a strong mutual coupling due to the pronounced surface waves. Therefore, an EBG structure is inserted between array elements to reduce the mutual coupling. This idea has been verified by both the FDTD simulations and experimental results. As a result, a significant 8 dB mutual coupling reduction is noticed from the measurements.

1,394 citations


"To reduce mutual coupling in micros..." refers background in this paper

  • ...With the increasing use and fast growth in electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structures, and previous research for various configurations of EBG structures have been successfully applied in the patch antenna arrays to improve array characteristics, such as radiation efficiency, total size, etc.[2][9][10] but with the advancement of technologies and requirement of device size reduction the antenna field is require to array size reduction so the best way to achieve size reduction is placing array elements very close to each other....

    [...]

  • ...As demonstrated, the periodic structures help to reduce mutual coupling [2][7]-[9]....

    [...]

  • ...Hence, they can reduce the mutual coupling due to surface wave propagation [2][9][10]....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a moment method solution to the problem of input impedance and mutual coupling of rectangular microstrip antenna elements is presented, which uses the grounded dielectric slab Green's function to account rigorously for the presence of the substrate and surface waves.
Abstract: A moment method solution to the problem of input impedance and mutual coupling of rectangular microstrip antenna elements is presented. The formulation uses the grounded dielectric slab Green's function to account rigorously for the presence of the substrate and surface waves. Both entire basis (EB) and piecewise sinosoidal (PWS) expansion modes are used, and their relative advantages are noted. Calculations of input impedance and mutual coupling are compared with measured data and other calculatious.

714 citations


"To reduce mutual coupling in micros..." refers background in this paper

  • ...However, the problem of mutual coupling, depending on inter– element separation and their relative orientation, becomes a challenge [3][4]....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the surface wave dispersion diagram of the UC-PBG substrate has been numerically computed for two different substrate thickness (25 and 50 mil) and found to have a complete stopband in the frequency range of 10.9-13.5 and 11.4-12.8 GHz, respectively.
Abstract: The recently developed uniplanar compact photonic bandgap (UC-PBG) substrate is successfully used to reduce surface-wave losses for an aperture-coupled fed patch antenna on a thick high dielectric-constant substrate. The surface-wave dispersion diagram of the UC-PBG substrate has been numerically computed for two different substrate thickness (25 and 50 mil) and found to have a complete stopband in the frequency range of 10.9-13.5 and 11.4-12.8 GHz, respectively. The thicker substrate is then used to enhance broadside gain of a patch antenna working in the stopband at 12 GHz. Computed results and measured data show that, due to effective surface-wave suppression, the antenna mounted on the UC-PBG substrate has over 3-dB higher gain in the broadside direction than the same antenna etched on a grounded dielectric slab with same thickness and dielectric constant. Cross-polarization level remains 13 dB down the co-polar component level for both E- and H-planes.

493 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Li Yang1, Mingyan Fan1, Fanglu Chen1, Jingzhao She1, Zhenghe Feng1 
17 Jan 2005
TL;DR: In this article, a novel electromagnetic-bandgap (EBG) structure in a fork-like shape is investigated, which provides an additional degree of freedom to adjust the bandgap position and is applied to design a novel reconfigurable multiband EBG structure.
Abstract: A novel electromagnetic-bandgap (EBG) structure in a fork-like shape is investigated. This structure has an extremely compact size. A comparison has been carried out between the new structure and the conventional mushroom-like EBG structure. Simulations and experimental results have verified that the area of the fork-like structure is less than 40% of the latter. The presented structure also provides an additional degree of freedom to adjust the bandgap position, which is applied to design a novel reconfigurable multiband EBG structure. Several application examples have been demonstrated, including a double-element microstrip antenna array with low mutual coupling, notch-type antenna duplexer, and steerable array with a linearly discrete beamsteering of 20/spl deg/ in steps of 10/spl deg/ at 2.468 GHz.

284 citations


"To reduce mutual coupling in micros..." refers background in this paper

  • ...We have a challenge for reducing EBG cell size as large cell size structures are not suitable for many practical applications [14][15]....

    [...]

  • ...[14] Li Yang, Mingyan Fan, Fanglu Chen, Jingzhao She, and Zhenghe Feng, “A Novel Compact Electromagnetic-Band gap (EBG) Structure and Its Applications for Microwave Circuits”, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, VOL....

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