Tobacco-related diseases
Citations
318 citations
169 citations
Cites background from "Tobacco-related diseases"
...2 As w80e90% of all cases are attributable to smoking,(2) the most effective way to reduce the risk for developing lung cancer substantially is to refrain from smoking.(3) Clinically diagnosed lung cancer is often in an advanced stage and occurs more often in former than in current smokers today, which highlights the need for further secondary preventive measures in addition to smoking cessation....
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122 citations
Cites background from "Tobacco-related diseases"
...Smoking is a major risk factor associated with the development and progression of a variety of cancers [1]....
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94 citations
Cites background from "Tobacco-related diseases"
...Cigarette smoke is the major etiological factor in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and is associated with increased risk of lung cancer (Burns, 2003)....
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92 citations
Cites background from "Tobacco-related diseases"
...Smoking is a documented risk factor [35] that it is responsible for about 130,000 deaths annually from active and 22,200 from passive smoking [36]....
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References
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