Toward a social psychology of globalization
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors address the questions of how people make sense of and respond to globalization and its sociocultural ramifications; how people defend the integrity of their heritage cultural identities against the "culturally erosive" effects of globalization, and how individuals harness creative insights from their interactions with global cultures.
Abstract: In most parts of the world, globalization has become an unstoppable and potent force that impacts everyday life and international relations. The articles in this issue draw on theoretical insights from diverse perspectives (clinical psychology, consumer research, organizational behavior, political psychology, and cultural psychology) to offer nuanced understanding of individuals’ psychological reactions to globalization in different parts of the world (Australia, Hong Kong, Japan, Mainland China, Singapore, Switzerland, United States, Taiwan). These articles address the questions of how people make sense of and respond to globalization and its sociocultural ramifications; how people defend the integrity of their heritage cultural identities against the “culturally erosive” effects of globalization, and how individuals harness creative insights from their interactions with global cultures. The new theoretical insights and revealing empirical analyses presented in this issue set the stage for an emergent interdisciplinary inquiry into the psychology of globalization.
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TL;DR: This article found that high risk Japanese students were more likely to persist on the challenging task upon being given negative feedback compared to being given positive feedback, and high risk students were also lower on levels of interdependence relative to low risk students according to explicit and implicit measures of self-construal.
Abstract: Due to economic structural changes in Japan, an increasing population of youthare“NotengagedinEmployment,Education,orTraining”(NEET).Wearguethatthis state of anomie is associated with a lack of motivation in conforming to inter-dependent norms. To illustrate this type of “deviant” motivation, we conducted astudy in which high- and low risk Japanese students were given either success orfailure feedback upon completing a challenging task. Low risk Japanese studentswere more likely to persist on the challenging task upon being given negativefeedback compared to being given positive feedback. This motivational pattern isconsistentwiththatoftheprototypicalJapanese(Heineetal.).Incontrast,theop-positepatternwasfoundwithhighriskJapanesestudents.Highriskstudentswerealso lower on levels of interdependence relative to low risk students according toboth explicit and implicit measures of self-construal.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed two interpretational mindsets that attenuate (transactional mindset) and agitate (categorization mindset) these culturally motivated responses, and concluded that while economic activities such as cross-border acquisitions can inadvertently evoke nationalistic reactions, it is possible to mitigate them or even encourage rational evaluations by influencing people's interpretational mindset.
Abstract: Cross-border transactions are often perceived by the general public as national threats instead of rational business deals. We propose two interpretational mindsets that attenuate (transactional mindset) and agitate (categorization mindset) these culturally motivated responses. Three studies were conducted in Singapore and the United States with various cross-border acquisition scenarios. As predicted, transactional mindset, which centers around cost–benefit calculations, nudged participants to evaluate the foreign acquisition more rationally and evoked fewer social–cultural considerations than categorization mindset, which focuses on categorizing and comparison procedures, and when no mindset was primed. Furthermore, the effects of categorization mindset are particularly strong when one perceives the two transacting parties as dissimilar and when he/she identifies closely with the local culture. We conclude that while economic activities such as cross-border acquisitions can inadvertently evoke nationalistic reactions, it is possible to mitigate them or even encourage rational evaluations by influencing people's interpretational mindset.
50 citations
Book•
14 Apr 2016
TL;DR: In this article, leading Chinese and international scholars examine the role of culture, institutions, national policy, firm and individual dimensions in shaping the operation of firms, industries and technologies, and analyze the daunting challenges of building an innovation-driven growth model for China.
Abstract: The miracle growth of the Chinese economy has decreased from a compound annual growth rate of 10% to less than 7% in 2015, raising questions about China?s prospects of avoiding the ?middle income trap?.
The two engines of growth -- exporting on a scale never before witnessed and massive infrastructure investments -- are approaching the limits of diminishing returns. Assuming that current political arrangements prevail and that western socio-political economic models are not adopted, can China develop a new growth model with innovation at its center?
This volume brings together leading Chinese and international scholars who examine the role of culture, institutions, national policy, firm and individual dimensions in shaping the operation of firms, industries and technologies. Their analyses of the daunting challenges of building an innovation-driven growth model for China range from quite optimistic to deeply pessimistic. The book will appeal to scholars, policy-makers and business persons.
43 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined how young Hui Muslims in Beijing reacted when they witnessed a Muslim violated the sacred halal and haram norms of food prohibitions in Islam and found that they felt sad, angry and disgusted.
42 citations
TL;DR: This article explores how culture and individual differences, such as a belief in racial essentialism, critically shape reactions to intercultural contact and sheds light on recent geopolitical and societal shifts that reflect an increased backlash against rising globalization and cultural diversity.
Abstract: Globalization has made exposure to multiple cultures not only possible, but often necessary and unavoidable. This article focuses on how people react and adapt to increasing globalization and multiculturalism. We posit that reactions to multiculturalism and intercultural contact are not universal and are themselves shaped by cultural experiences. That is, culture provides a frame of reference for reconciling and negotiating the inflow of foreign cultures and peoples. Although exposure to foreign cultures can widen one's worldview, thereby enhancing creativity and reducing prejudice, intercultural contact can also bring about negative exclusionary responses such as aversion, disgust, and defensiveness. We explore how culture and individual differences, such as a belief in racial essentialism, critically shape reactions to intercultural contact. Our discussion sheds light on recent geopolitical and societal shifts that reflect an increased backlash against rising globalization and cultural diversity.
41 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: Based on the author's seminal article in "Foreign Affairs", Samuel P. Huntington's "The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order" is a provocative and prescient analysis of the state of world politics after the fall of communism.
Abstract: Based on the author's seminal article in "Foreign Affairs", Samuel P. Huntington's "The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order" is a provocative and prescient analysis of the state of world politics after the fall of communism. In this incisive work, the renowned political scientist explains how "civilizations" have replaced nations and ideologies as the driving force in global politics today and offers a brilliant analysis of the current climate and future possibilities of our world's volatile political culture.
6,359 citations
"Toward a social psychology of globa..." refers background in this paper
...These reactions, according to some, could lead to clashes of civilizations (Huntington, 1996)....
[...]
Book•
27 Jul 1992
TL;DR: Globalization as a Problem The Cultural Turn Mapping the Global Condition World-Systems Theory, Culture and Images of World Power Japanese Globality and Japanese Religion The Universalism-Particularism Issue "Civilization," Civility and the Civilizing Process Globalization Theory and Civilization Analysis Globality, Modernity and the Issue of Postmodernity Globalization and the Nostalgic Paradigm 'The Search for Fundamentals' in Global Perspective Concluding Reflections
Abstract: Globalization as a Problem The Cultural Turn Mapping the Global Condition World-Systems Theory, Culture and Images of World Power Japanese Globality and Japanese Religion The Universalism-Particularism Issue 'Civilization,' Civility and the Civilizing Process Globalization Theory and Civilization Analysis Globality, Modernity and the Issue of Postmodernity Globalization and the Nostalgic Paradigm 'The Search for Fundamentals' in Global Perspective Concluding Reflections
3,676 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: In this article, Appiah revives the ancient philosophy of cosmopolitanism, which dates back to the Cynics of the 4th century, as a means of understanding the complex world of today.
Abstract: This brilliant, cross-disciplinary work challenges the separatist doctrines which have come to dominate our understanding of the world. Appiah revives the ancient philosophy of Cosmopolitanism, which dates back to the Cynics of the 4th century, as a means of understanding the complex world of today. Arguing that we concentrate too much on what makes us different rather than recognizing our common humanity, Appiah explores how we can act ethically in a globalized world.
1,861 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1985
TL;DR: In this article, the traditional state: Bureaucracy, Class, Ideology, Administrative Power, Internal Pacification, Citizenship, and Class, Sovereignty and Citizenship are discussed.
Abstract: Introduction. 1. State, Society and Modern History. 2. The Traditional State: Domination and Military Power. 3. The Traditional State: Bureaucracy, Class, Ideology. 4. The Absolutist State and the Nation--State. 5. Capitalism, Industrialism and Social Transformation. 6. Capitalism and the State: From Absolutism to the Nation--State. 7. Administrative Power, Internal Pacification. 8. Class, Sovereignty and Citizenship. 9. Capitalist Development and the Industrialization of War. 10. Nation--States in the Global State System. 11. Modernity, Totalitarianism and Critical Theory. Notes. Bibliography. Index.
1,351 citations