Towards broadband global optical and wireless networking
04 Jul 2004-Vol. 2, pp 13-16
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a non-conventional approach to the future optical and wireless hybrid transport network that is capable of supporting the dominating kinds of traffic, i.e., voice/real-time, wireless and packet traffic, in a single transport network.
Abstract: We present a novel non-conventional approach to the future optical and wireless hybrid transport network that is capable of supporting the dominating kinds of traffic, i.e., voice/real-time, wireless and packet traffic, in a single transport network. The proposed model combines different technologies as connection and connectionless networks, optical cable and wireless (microwave/millimetre wave or optical wireless) and it is suitable for a variety of purposes and services in order to achieve global broadband networking features. Our new networking model contains an extension to the wireless world in order to achieve mobility and personalisation of the connection. It consists of an upgrade of real-time traffic with a microwave modulated optical wave, in order to carry out conventional mobile wireless via optical fibres though long distances and without a significant distortion. The whole available bandwidth can be fully exploited in the hybrid network. In the IP part of the network, quality of service can be differentiated for various classes of packets and network reliability/survivability can be categorised for the whole hybrid network. This substitutes the complete and revolutionary shifting to packet traffic, that many promote, with smooth evolutionary upgrades.
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13 Jun 2007
TL;DR: Results demonstrate that this kind of system is able to exploit the high bandwidth provided by the fibers and that it can support WDM transmission; in particular it could be a competitive technology in the last mile/last hundred of meters scenario.
Abstract: We report experiments on a fully transparent free space optic system operating at 2.5,10 and 40 Gbps. A on-field system operating on a 100 m link as been implemented and tested. Results demonstrate that this kind of system is able to exploit the high bandwidth provided by the fibers and that it can support WDM transmission; in particular it could be a competitive technology in the last mile/last hundred of meters scenario.
9 citations
01 Jul 2007
TL;DR: Free Space Optics is a technology able to provide line of sight wireless high-bandwidth digital communication links between remote sites, and DWDM transmission can be used for enhancing the capacity of optical wireless links.
Abstract: Free Space Optics (FSO) is a technology able to provide line of sight wireless high-bandwidth digital communication links between remote sites. Therefore it is a key solution for addressing the last hundred meters of broadband requirements. For enhancing the capacity of optical wireless links, DWDM transmission can be used. In this work, 10 Gb/s and 40 Gb/s bit rates have been used in a DWDM fully transparent system. The link has been demonstrated in both in- and outdoor experiments. System performance has been evaluated in terms of BER and Q-factor.
7 citations
01 Aug 2007
TL;DR: The proposed model combines different technologies as connection and connectionless networking, optical cable and wireless (microwave/ millimeter wave or optical wireless) and it is suitable for a variety of purposes and services in order to achieve global broadband networking.
Abstract: A novel approach to the future hybrid communication network capable to support the traffic of different kind, e.g. real time and packet traffic and wireless signal in a single transparent network is proposed. The proposed model combines different technologies as connection and connectionless networking, optical cable and wireless (microwave/ millimeter wave or optical wireless) and it is suitable for a variety of purposes and services in order to achieve global broadband networking.
5 citations
19 Apr 2012
TL;DR: The requirement and the potential of using 3D representation to visualize properly the wireless cognitive network are addressed and a preliminary test of the 3D visualization system using OpenGL graphic library to visualize the propagation of signal travelling in specific room with several medium is conducted.
Abstract: Simulating a signal propagation of wireless cognitive network has been widely accepted by researchers in order to come out with three-dimensional (3D) representation data display. Instead of using primitive way to understand the behavior of signal propagation, 3D visualization of wireless networking could also help researchers to study the limitation and exploration of wireless cognitive network deeply. In this paper, we would like to address the requirement and the potential of using 3D representation to visualize properly the wireless cognitive network. We also performed preliminary test of our 3D visualization system using OpenGL graphic library to visualize the propagation of signal travelling in specific room with several medium. The test has been conducted in order to understand the requirement of wireless cognitive network in 3D visualization before the actual system is built.
5 citations
TL;DR: An analytical model that describes the elements involved in the signal generation feasible to be used in radio over fiber systems for the transport of information found a trade-off between the modulation depths of both signals; as well as the their optimum value in order to assure a good signal quality in reception.
Abstract: This paper presents an analytical model that describes the elements involved in the signal generation feasible to be used in radio over fiber systems for the transport of information. In these systems, the radio frequency carriers are conveyed as optical subcarriers over an optical fiber link in a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint connectivity paradigm. The model is based on the definition of both the electrical field and power at the output of the optical modulator for baseband and radiofrequency modulated signals. By modeling the electrical field, it was found a trade-off between the modulation depths of both signals; as well as the their optimum value in order to assure a good signal quality in reception.
4 citations
References
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TL;DR: This article compares the advantages of VoMPLS with VoATM, VoIP, and VoFR, from the viewpoints of bandwidth utilization, implementation issues, and the region of the network (access/backbone) in which implementation takes place.
Abstract: Most major carriers are deploying multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) and are also migrating voice traffic to packet transport. This article analyzes how those trends can be combined. It compares the advantages of VoMPLS with VoATM, VoIP, and VoFR, from the viewpoints of bandwidth utilization, implementation issues, and the region of the network (access/backbone) in which implementation takes place. VoMPLSoPPP is more efficient than VoMPLSoATM or VoMPLSoEthernet. In the network backbone VoMPLSoPPP is most efficient. VoAAAL2oATM has intermediate efficiency, and VoIP is highly inefficient. In the access network use of header compression improves the efficiency of VoIP but does not bring it to the level of VoAAL2oATM, which is approximately as efficient as VoMPLSoEthernet. VoMPLSoPPP remains most efficient.
27 citations
07 Aug 2002
TL;DR: A comparison of different radio over fibre system concepts with regard to applications in broadband services transmission and an impact of development of new technologies on possibility of commercial deployment of the systems are discussed.
Abstract: The paper presents a comparison of different radio over fibre system concepts with regard to applications in broadband services transmission. Several concepts of radio over fibre systems have been studied around the world, and each of them seems to be very attractive because of low loss and extremely wide bandwidth necessary for mobile broadband services. Commercial deployment of the millimeter-wave optical links for future mobile broadband services depends on the expected full costs of the systems. The paper discusses an impact of development of new technologies on possibility of commercial deployment of the systems.
15 citations
Book Chapter•
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: Optical Packet Switching and Optical Burst Switching come into play, with the goal of reducing delays and improving the utilisation of the network's resources through statistical multiplexing.
Abstract: Most existing wide area telecommunication networks (WAN) have an SDH based, electronically circuit switched transport core. Connection setup or tear down may require days or weeks and multiplexing/demultiplexing always require complex optical/electro/optical (O/E/O) conversions. Nowadays, the operators and vendors are working on an optical control plane, which should control setup and tear down of connections. Work on automatically switched optical network (ASON) and generalised multi-protocol label switching (GMPLS) takes place within ITU and IETF, respectively. Resulting optically circuit switched (OCS) networks can offer explicit transfer guarantees, since circuit establishments are confirmed. However, this generates a delay equal at least to the round-trip time, typically several ms. Even though OCS networks will offer more flexibility than today's solution, the access to the optical bandwidth will still be provided with fibre/wavelength granularity. Future networks should be able to serve a client layer that includes packet-based networks, such as the Internet, which may have a highly dynamic connection pattern with a significant portion of bursty traffic between the communicating pairs. In this case, OCS transport may not be flexible enough. It would require over-dimensioning of the number of connections and of the bandwidth reservation of each connection, to avoid excessive delay and extensive buffering at the ingress router. Here is when Optical Packet Switching (OPS) and Optical Burst Switching (OBS) come into play, with the goal of reducing delays and improving the utilisation of the network's resources through statistical multiplexing. This comes at the expense of not being able to offer explicit transfer guarantees. However, suitable node design and proper dimensioning of network resources may enable support of most services over the same network. OPS and OBS logical performance in relation to contention resolution and quality of service (QoS) differentiation will be discussed in 4.3 and 4.4. Moreover, hybrid schemes are possible where OPS and OBS share the WDM layer with an OCS scheme, serving applications with the need for explicit transfer guarantees. Europe has been very active in OPS research, especially through projects like RACE ATMOS [1], ACTS KEOPS [2], IST DAVID [3], IST STOLAS [4] and COST 266. OBS was proposed very recently [5], but different research groups in Europe have already made significant contributions to this field, as later sections in this chapter show. Inevitably, there are some differences in terminology within the research community; we here explicitly describe some concepts and terms used in this chapter. Both optical packet …
6 citations
29 Jun 2003
TL;DR: A hybrid network is proposed which combines both real-time and data traffic and allows us to exploit fully the bandwidth offered by the transparent network.
Abstract: It is commonly accepted the evolution from circuit-switched to connectionless networks be an imminent process. However, the lack of quality of service guarantee for real-time including voice traffic in a packet network appears as a main problem to overcome. In the paper a hybrid network is proposed which combines both real-time and data traffic and allows us to exploit fully the bandwidth offered by the transparent network.
4 citations
08 Dec 2003
TL;DR: In this article, a hybrid network consisting of real-time sub-networks is proposed to guarantee both reliability of the network and quality of service as well as the network performance.
Abstract: A concept of a "hybrid network" which consists of real-time subnetwork is developed. Packet network separated in the optical frequency domain is discussed in detail. The optimised network concept is intended to guarantee both reliability of the network and quality of service as well.
3 citations