Transferring Technologies From Developed To Developing Industrial and Commercial Environments
11 Oct 1993-pp 87-98
About: The article was published on 1993-10-11 and is currently open access. It has received 5 citations till now.
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TL;DR: The ramifications of IT & S as a discipline on the GTT process is explained and a skill-focussed approach, within a culture, to determining what IT& S may be appropriate for that particular cultural context is proposed.
Abstract: It is the intent of this paper to discuss a philosophy of Information Technology and Systems (IT & S) as tools and the impact of this philosophy on the Global Technical Transfer (GTT) process of IT & S.
It is argued that IT & S by definition, are artefacts, tools that have been made, used, inherited and studied within a cultural context which encompasses economic, historical, technical and social values and assumptions which are focussed in particular skill sets. It is assumed that these skill sets are mostly in evidence in any culture that receives the IT & S tool for use in a technical transfer process. It is argued, therefore, if we understand the cultural context in which a tool is made then we will understand the skills to transfer and use such tools in an effective manner. The issue we must face as makers, users, inheritors and scholars of IT & S tools, however, is that the tool context and inherent in-built values and skill sets, may not be in evidence across all cultures. This would make the effective use of IT & S, in a global sense, a difficult and complex (if not impossible) undertaking.
From this position it is argued that IT & S tools reflect the IT & S discipline, as it is these tools which embody the assumptions of the discipline and hence, its paradigm. The Bunker and Dean (Bunker DJ, Dean RG. Philosophical Traditions in Information Systems: Challenger of an Interdisciplinary View, Faculty of Commerce Workshop, University of Wollongong, July 10--11, 1997) disciplinary model is highlighted as a means of understanding how tools are made within a cultural context and how they reflect the discipline in which they are created. This paper then goes on to explain the ramifications of IT & S as a discipline on the GTT process and proposes a skill-focussed approach, within a culture, to determining what IT & S may be appropriate for that particular cultural context.
25 citations
20 Jan 2009
TL;DR: In this paper, three streams have emerged that address the issue of information technology adoption, diffusion and use: the first examines the factors influencing an individuals decision to accept a new technology; the second deals with the impact of culture on the development and use of IT; and the third stream is directed toward the transfer of IT from one country or context into another.
Abstract: Within the information systems discipline, three streams have emerged that address the issue of information technology adoption, diffusion and use. The first examines the factors influencing an individuals decision to accept a new technology. The second stream deals with the impact of culture on the development and use of information technology; and the third stream is directed toward the transfer of information technology from one country or context into another. While these three streams have attempted to theorize and empirically explain the factors influencing information technology adoption within a new environment, they have largely been used separately and tested within the context of advanced economies. In this paper we attempt to integrate all three in examining the introduction of telemedicine technology in medically underserved communities. The results suggest that the interaction effects of the factors derived from all theories provide a better explanation of technology introduction in medically underserved communities.
23 citations
01 Jan 1998
TL;DR: This paper further refines an Information Technology and Systems (IT & S) paradigmatic framework and highlights the implications of such an approach to IT & S in the area of international technology transfer (ITT).
Abstract: This paper represents the further development of ideas presented at the AIS Conference in Arizona in August 1996. At that conference an Information Technology and Systems (IT & S) paradigmatic framework was outlined which presented the idea that the IT & S research area could be expressed through a model of tool creation and use. This paper further refines this framework and highlights the implications of such an approach to IT & S in the area of international technology transfer (ITT).
8 citations
01 Jan 2002
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose the idea of electronic commerce (EC) systems as artefacts, tools that are made, used, inherited and studied within a cultural context, which includes economic, historical, technical and social values and assumptions that are focused on particular ideas and definitions relating to B2C activities and processes.
Abstract: INTRODUCTION This chapter proposes the idea of electronic commerce (EC) systems as tools that are created within a given context. The implications of this view are discussed regarding implementation of these tools in the business-to-consumer marketplace (B2C) and their impact on consumer activities and B2C processes. It is argued that EC systems by definition, are artefacts, tools that are made, used, inherited and studied within a cultural context. This context encompasses economic, historical, technical and social values and assumptions that are focused on particular ideas and definitions relating to B2C activities and processes. It is assumed that these ideas and definitions are mostly in evidence in any culture that applies EC systems tools for use. The issue we must face as makers, users, inheritors and scholars of EC tools, however, is that the tool context and inherent in-built values on which this context is based, particularly relating to matters of effective use of EC tools in a B2C marketplace, may not be evident across all cultures. This would make the successful use of EC, in a global sense, a difficult and complex undertaking.
2 citations
01 Jan 2004
TL;DR: This thesis looks at the limitations of current ITS management objective (normative) theory and develops a new Perspectival ITS Management Model so as to supplement this theory and overcome some of its limitations.
Abstract: This thesis looks at the limitations of current ITS management objective (normative) theory and develops a new Perspectival ITS Management Model so as to supplement this theory and overcome some of its limitations. The proposed Perspectival ITS Management Model is an approach to reconciliation/integration of object/subject from a phenomenological viewpoint. The development of the Perspectival ITS Management Model has been heavily influenced by the work of John Haynes (2001a). In order to investigate the applicability of the Perspectival ITS Management Model a constructionist epistemological stance is taken in the thesis, which describes an overview of current objective ITS management theory, that is analysed and focussed through a normative ITS Management Model (developed by the candidate in the early stages of the thesis). The thesis goes on to develop the objective theoretical view of the management of open systems architectures and uses this to investigate the subjective case study accounts of the management of open systems architectures from 1993-1996 in the Australian federal government. These cases are used to highlight how the Perspectival ITS Management Model can be utilised to enhance, extend and transform our understanding of ITS Management in ways that the current body of theory does not. A postscript has also been developed to illustiate how the Perspectival ITS Management Model can also be applied to the ITS management landscape (whole-of-govemment ITS outsourcing) of the Australian federal govenmient (1996 2001) after the initial open systems case study period (1993-1996). INDEX WORDS: ITS Management, ITS Architecture, Perspectival Thinking, Phenomenology, Australian federal government. PUBLICATIONS RELATING TO THIS THESIS Bunker, D.J. & Winley, G.K. (1993) "Position statement: management of open systems architectures", IFIP, Conference on Diftusion, Transfer and Implementation of Information Technologv, Champion, Pennsylvania. October 10-13. Fowler, P. (Scribe & Ed), Bihari, T., Bunker, D., Chung, W., Damsgaard, J., Glasson, B., Lien, L. (Facilitator), McOwen, P., Montealegre, R., Radic, Z. & Vamer, M. (1993) "Working session 1: Critical issues in first to third world transfer of software and information technology", IFIP, Conference on Diffusion. Transfer and Implementation of Information Technology. Champion, Pennsylvania, October 10-13. Bunker, D.J. (1994) "Research in progress: management of open systems architectures a case study", Australian Unix and Open Systems User Group, Annual Conference, Melbourne, September 6-9: 145155. Bunker, D.J. (1995) "Management of open systems architectures an Australian government perspective", Australian Unix and Open Systems User Group, Annual Conference, Sydney, September 19-21: 10-15. Bunker, D.J & Winley, G.K. (1995) "Management of Open Architectures" Association for Information Systems Proceedings of the First Americas Conference on Information Systems August 25-27 1995 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA: 378-380. Bunker, D.J. & Dean, R.G.. (1996) "Toward an Information Systems Paradigmatic Framework", Association for Information Systems Proceedings of the Americas Conference on Information Systems, Phoenix, Arizona, August: 596-598. Bunker, D.J., Larsen, T. & Vlissidis, P. (1997) "Technology transfer: does the context of the creation of IS technology inhibit its transfer? An international perspective", IFIP TC8 WG8.6 International Working Conference on Difftision. Adoption and Implementation of Information Technology. 25 -27"" June, 1997, Ambleside, Cimibria, UK: 375-376. Bunker, D.J. & Dean, R.G. (1998) "Information Technology and Systems (IT&S) As Tools: the Cultoral Context of Tool Creation and Use and Its Effect on the Technology Transfer Process", the electionic journal Philosophical and Conceptual Foundations of Information Systems. http://www.cba.uh.edu/~parks/fis/bunker.htm Bunker, D.J. (1998) "Information Technology and Systems (IT&S) As Tools: Cultural Bias and the Implications for Intemational Technology Transfer (ITT) ?" Proceedings of the Association of Information Systems Conference, Baltimore. August: 818-820. Bunker, D.J. (1998) "A Philosophy of Irrformation Technology and Systems (IT&S) as Tools: Tool Development Context, Associated Skills and the Global Technology Transfer (GTT) Process" in Misshaped or misshaped ? Emerging issues in the new global arena. Proceedings of IFIP WG8.7 Working Conference. Helsinki. Finland: 199-214. Bunker, D.J. (2000) "Comments on the "information" concept in FRISCO compared to empirical studies of information in decision making", ISCO-4 (IFIP8.1) Proceedings, Information Systems Concepts: An integrated discipline emerging, Lorentz Center, Leiden, The Netherlands, 20-22 September: 295-297. Bunker, D.J. (2000) "Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System Tools: The Context of their Creation and Use Within the Technology Transfer Process" in Proceedings of the Americas Conference on Information Systems AMCIS 2000, (ed H.Michael Chung) August 10-13, Long Beach California: 1533-1536. Bxinker, D.J. (2001) "A Philosophy of Information Technology and Systems (IT & S) as Tools: Tool Development Context, Associated Skills and the Global Techrucal Transfer (GTT) Process", Information Systems Frontiers 3:2: 185-197. Bunker, D.J., Wilson, D. & Elliot, S. (eds) (2002) The Adoption and Diffiision of IT in an Environment of Critical Change Proceedings of IFIP WC8.6, Sydney, Austialia, August 1-3.
1 citations